메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 9, Issue 6, 2008, Pages 523-554

Multisensory warning signals for event perception and safe driving

Author keywords

Auditory icon; Cognitive neuroscience; Driving; Multisensory warning signal; Neuroergonomics; Spatial attention; Tactile displays

Indexed keywords


EID: 85010607529     PISSN: 1463922X     EISSN: 1464536X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/14639220701816765     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (78)

References (257)
  • 1
    • 9444293388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of alarm timing on driver behaviour: An investigation of differences in driver trust and response to alarms according to alarm timing
    • Abe, G. and Richardson, J., 2004. The effect of alarm timing on driver behaviour: an investigation of differences in driver trust and response to alarms according to alarm timing. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 7, 307-322.
    • (2004) Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour , vol.7 , pp. 307-322
    • Abe, G.1    Richardson, J.2
  • 2
    • 27744524533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of alarm timing on braking response and driver trust in low speed driving
    • Abe, G. and Richardson, J., 2005. The influence of alarm timing on braking response and driver trust in low speed driving. Safety Science, 43, 639-654.
    • (2005) Safety Science , vol.43 , pp. 639-654
    • Abe, G.1    Richardson, J.2
  • 3
    • 33744995256 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alarm timing, trust and driver expectation for forward collision warning systems
    • Abe, G. and Richardson, J., 2006. Alarm timing, trust and driver expectation for forward collision warning systems. Applied Ergonomics, 37, 577-586.
    • (2006) Applied Ergonomics , vol.37 , pp. 577-586
    • Abe, G.1    Richardson, J.2
  • 4
    • 0028968972 scopus 로고
    • A comparison of tactile, auditory, and visual feedback in a pointing task using a mouse-type device
    • Akamatsu, M., MacKenzie, I.S., and Hasbroucq, T., 1995. A comparison of tactile, auditory, and visual feedback in a pointing task using a mouse-type device. Ergonomics, 38, 816-827.
    • (1995) Ergonomics , vol.38 , pp. 816-827
    • Akamatsu, M.1    Mackenzie, I.S.2    Hasbroucq, T.3
  • 5
    • 0029385481 scopus 로고
    • The effects of a mobile telephone task on driver behaviour in a car following situation
    • Alm, H. and Nilsson, L., 1995. The effects of a mobile telephone task on driver behaviour in a car following situation. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 27, 707-715.
    • (1995) Accident Analysis and Prevention , vol.27 , pp. 707-715
    • Alm, H.1    Nilsson, L.2
  • 6
    • 3442898847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Judging the urgency of non-verbal auditory alarms: A case study
    • Arrabito, G.R., Mondor, T.A., and Kent, K.J., 2004. Judging the urgency of non-verbal auditory alarms: a case study. Ergonomics, 47, 821-849.
    • (2004) Ergonomics , vol.47 , pp. 821-849
    • Arrabito, G.R.1    Mondor, T.A.2    Kent, K.J.3
  • 7
    • 0035475366 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Driving the info highway
    • Ashley, S., 2001. Driving the info highway. Scientific American, 285 (4), 44-50.
    • (2001) Scientific American , vol.285 , Issue.4 , pp. 44-50
    • Ashley, S.1
  • 8
    • 0025164006 scopus 로고
    • Responsiveness to olfactory stimuli presented in sleep
    • Badia, P., et al., 1990. Responsiveness to olfactory stimuli presented in sleep. Physiology and Behavior, 48, 87-90.
    • (1990) Physiology and Behavior , vol.48 , pp. 87-90
    • Badia, P.1
  • 9
    • 68349150380 scopus 로고
    • Vigilance: A comparison in auditory, visual, and combined audio-visual tasks
    • Baker, R.A., Ware, J.R., and Sipowicz, R.R., 1962. Vigilance: a comparison in auditory, visual, and combined audio-visual tasks. Canadian Journal of Psychology, 16, 192-198.
    • (1962) Canadian Journal of Psychology , vol.16 , pp. 192-198
    • Baker, R.A.1    Ware, J.R.2    Sipowicz, R.R.3
  • 12
    • 85010564703 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Haptic discrimination of force direction and the influence of visual information
    • Barbagli, F., et al., 2006. Haptic discrimination of force direction and the influence of visual information. ACM Transactions on Applied Perception, 3, 125-135.
    • (2006) ACM Transactions on Applied Perception , vol.3 , pp. 125-135
    • Barbagli, F.1
  • 13
    • 1842773658 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of a pleasant ambient fragrance on simulated driving performance: The sweet smell of… safety?
    • Baron, R.A. and Kalsher, M.J., 1998. Effects of a pleasant ambient fragrance on simulated driving performance: the sweet smell of… safety? Environment and Behavior, 30, 535-552.
    • (1998) Environment and Behavior , vol.30 , pp. 535-552
    • Baron, R.A.1    Kalsher, M.J.2
  • 14
    • 0027850399 scopus 로고
    • Head-up auditory displays for traffic collision avoidance system advisories: A preliminary investigation
    • Begault, D.R., 1993. Head-up auditory displays for traffic collision avoidance system advisories: a preliminary investigation. Human Factors, 35, 707-717.
    • (1993) Human Factors , vol.35 , pp. 707-717
    • Begault, D.R.1
  • 17
    • 0033498316 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new class of auditory warning signals for complex systems: Auditory icons
    • Belz, S.M., Robinson, G.S., and Casali, J.G., 1999. A new class of auditory warning signals for complex systems: auditory icons. Human Factors, 41, 608-618.
    • (1999) Human Factors , vol.41 , pp. 608-618
    • Belz, S.M.1    Robinson, G.S.2    Casali, J.G.3
  • 19
    • 0037817921 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experimental evidence for a sensory synchronisation of sensory information to conscious experience
    • S.R. Hameroff, A.W. Kaszniak and A.S. Scott, eds., Cambridge, MA: MIT Press
    • Bergenheim, M., et al., 1996. Experimental evidence for a sensory synchronisation of sensory information to conscious experience. In: S.R. Hameroff, A.W. Kaszniak and A.S. Scott, eds. Toward a science of consciousness: the first Tucson discussions and debates. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 303-310.
    • (1996) Toward a Science of Consciousness: The First Tucson Discussions and Debates , pp. 303-310
    • Bergenheim, M.1
  • 21
    • 0031285559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alarm reaction patterns by pilots as a function of reaction modality
    • Bliss, J.P., 1997. Alarm reaction patterns by pilots as a function of reaction modality. International Journal of Aviation Psychology, 7, 1-14.
    • (1997) International Journal of Aviation Psychology , vol.7 , pp. 1-14
    • Bliss, J.P.1
  • 22
    • 0141884301 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alarm mistrust in automobiles: How collision alarm reliability affects driving
    • Bliss, J.P. and Acton, S.A., 2003. Alarm mistrust in automobiles: how collision alarm reliability affects driving. Applied Ergonomics, 34, 499-509.
    • (2003) Applied Ergonomics , vol.34 , pp. 499-509
    • Bliss, J.P.1    Acton, S.A.2
  • 26
    • 22744449072 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blinking suppresses the neural response to unchanging retinal stimulation
    • Bristow, D., et al., 2005. Blinking suppresses the neural response to unchanging retinal stimulation. Current Biology, 15, 1296-1300.
    • (2005) Current Biology , vol.15 , pp. 1296-1300
    • Bristow, D.1
  • 28
    • 0030111182 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Application of a three-dimensional auditory display in flight task
    • Bronkhorst, A.W., Veltman, J.A., and van Breda, L., 1996. Application of a three-dimensional auditory display in flight task. Human Factors, 38, 23-33.
    • (1996) Human Factors , vol.38 , pp. 23-33
    • Bronkhorst, A.W.1    Veltman, J.A.2    Van Breda, L.3
  • 29
    • 37249086917 scopus 로고
    • Effects of intense noise on processing of cutaneous information of varying complexity
    • Brown, R.L., Galloway, W.D., and Gildersleeve, K.R., 1965. Effects of intense noise on processing of cutaneous information of varying complexity. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 20, 749-754.
    • (1965) Perceptual and Motor Skills , vol.20 , pp. 749-754
    • Brown, R.L.1    Galloway, W.D.2    Gildersleeve, K.R.3
  • 31
    • 44349149230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of haptic brake pulse warnings on driver behavior during an intersection approach
    • Santa Monica, CA: HFES
    • Brown, S.B., et al., 2005. Effect of haptic brake pulse warnings on driver behavior during an intersection approach. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 49th annual meeting. Santa Monica, CA: HFES, 1892-1896.
    • (2005) Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 49Th Annual Meeting , pp. 1892-1896
    • Brown, S.B.1
  • 33
    • 0019226843 scopus 로고
    • Multi-modal information processing for visual workload relief
    • Burke, M.W., Gilson, R.D., and Jagacinski, R.J., 1980. Multi-modal information processing for visual workload relief. Ergonomics, 23, 961-975.
    • (1980) Ergonomics , vol.23 , pp. 961-975
    • Burke, M.W.1    Gilson, R.D.2    Jagacinski, R.J.3
  • 34
    • 0002968463 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An assessment of moving map and symbol-based route guidance systems
    • Y.I. Noy ed., Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum
    • Burnett, G.E. and Joyner, S.M., 1997. An assessment of moving map and symbol-based route guidance systems. In: Y.I. Noy ed. Ergonomics and safety of intelligent driver interfaces. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum, 115-137.
    • (1997) Ergonomics and Safety of Intelligent Driver Interfaces , pp. 115-137
    • Burnett, G.E.1    Joyner, S.M.2
  • 36
    • 84873782238 scopus 로고
    • Choice response in quiet and loaded channels with verbal and non-verbal auditory stimuli
    • Burrows, A.A., 1962. Choice response in quiet and loaded channels with verbal and non-verbal auditory stimuli. Human Factors, 4, 187-192.
    • (1962) Human Factors , vol.4 , pp. 187-192
    • Burrows, A.A.1
  • 37
    • 0028789372 scopus 로고
    • A psychophysiological evaluation of the perceived urgency of auditory warning signals
    • Burt, J.L., et al., 1995. A psychophysiological evaluation of the perceived urgency of auditory warning signals. Ergonomics, 38, 2327-2340.
    • (1995) Ergonomics , vol.38 , pp. 2327-2340
    • Burt, J.L.1
  • 38
    • 84866422561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of auditory alerts for air traffic control consoles
    • 119th convention
    • Cabrera, D., Ferguson, S., and Laing, G., 2005. Development of auditory alerts for air traffic control consoles. Audio Engineering Society, 119th convention, 1-21.
    • (2005) Audio Engineering Society , pp. 1-21
    • Cabrera, D.1    Ferguson, S.2    Laing, G.3
  • 41
    • 3543028065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Minimal olfactory perception during sleep: Why odor alarms will not work for humans
    • Carskadon, M.A. and Herz, R.S., 2004. Minimal olfactory perception during sleep: why odor alarms will not work for humans. Sleep, 27, 402-405.
    • (2004) Sleep , vol.27 , pp. 402-405
    • Carskadon, M.A.1    Herz, R.S.2
  • 43
    • 0034902182 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alarms in the intensive care: How can the number of false alarms be reduced?
    • Chambrin, M.-C., 2001. Alarms in the intensive care: how can the number of false alarms be reduced? Critical Care, 5, 184-188.
    • (2001) Critical Care , vol.5 , pp. 184-188
    • Chambrin, M.-C.1
  • 44
    • 28844452160 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synchronous and asynchronous presentation of auditory and visual signals: Implications for control console design
    • Chan, A.H.S. and Chan, K.W.L., 2006. Synchronous and asynchronous presentation of auditory and visual signals: implications for control console design. Applied Ergonomics, 37, 131-140.
    • (2006) Applied Ergonomics , vol.37 , pp. 131-140
    • Chan, A.H.S.1    Chan, K.W.L.2
  • 45
    • 33745529209 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemosignals of fear enhance cognitive performance in humans
    • Chen, D., Katdare, A., and Lucas, N., 2006. Chemosignals of fear enhance cognitive performance in humans. Chemical Senses, 31, 415-423.
    • (2006) Chemical Senses , vol.31 , pp. 415-423
    • Chen, D.1    Katdare, A.2    Lucas, N.3
  • 46
    • 0842334835 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adaptive strategy changes as a function of task demands: A study of car drivers
    • Cnossen, F., Meijman, T., and Rothengatter, T., 2004. Adaptive strategy changes as a function of task demands: a study of car drivers. Ergonomics, 47, 218-236.
    • (2004) Ergonomics , vol.47 , pp. 218-236
    • Cnossen, F.1    Meijman, T.2    Rothengatter, T.3
  • 47
    • 27744537039 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multimodal feedback for the acquisition of small targets
    • Cockburn, A. and Brewster, S., 2005. Multimodal feedback for the acquisition of small targets. Ergonomics, 48, 1129-1150.
    • (2005) Ergonomics , vol.48 , pp. 1129-1150
    • Cockburn, A.1    Brewster, S.2
  • 48
    • 3242892324 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multisensory interaction in saccadic reaction time: A time-window-of-integration model
    • Colonius, H. and Diederich, A., 2004. Multisensory interaction in saccadic reaction time: a time-window-of-integration model. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 16, 1000-1009.
    • (2004) Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience , vol.16 , pp. 1000-1009
    • Colonius, H.1    Diederich, A.2
  • 49
    • 0007243881 scopus 로고
    • Auditory and other sensory forms of information presentation
    • H.P. Van Cott and R.G. Kinkade, eds., New York: John Wiley and Sons
    • Deatherage, B.H., 1972. Auditory and other sensory forms of information presentation. In: H.P. Van Cott and R.G. Kinkade, eds. Human engineering guide to equipment design. New York: John Wiley and Sons, 123-160.
    • (1972) Human Engineering Guide to Equipment Design , pp. 123-160
    • Deatherage, B.H.1
  • 51
    • 0031171343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of age, system experience, and navigation technique on driving with an advanced traveler information system
    • Dingus, T.A., et al., 1997. Effects of age, system experience, and navigation technique on driving with an advanced traveler information system. Human Factors, 39, 177-199.
    • (1997) Human Factors , vol.39 , pp. 177-199
    • Dingus, T.A.1
  • 52
    • 0022887986 scopus 로고
    • Auditory signals in military aircraft: Ergonomic principles vs practice
    • Doll, T.J. and Folds, D.J., 1986. Auditory signals in military aircraft: ergonomic principles vs practice. Applied Ergonomics, 17, 257-264.
    • (1986) Applied Ergonomics , vol.17 , pp. 257-264
    • Doll, T.J.1    Folds, D.J.2
  • 54
    • 18944367458 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of auditory warning signals on visual target identification
    • D. Harris, ed., Aldershot, UK: Ashgate
    • Doyle, M.C. and Snowden, R.J., 1999. The effect of auditory warning signals on visual target identification. In: D. Harris, ed. Engineering psychology and cognitive ergonomics, Vol. 4: Job design, product design and human-computer interaction. Aldershot, UK: Ashgate, 245-251.
    • (1999) Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics , vol.4 , pp. 245-251
    • Doyle, M.C.1    Snowden, R.J.2
  • 55
    • 0035260689 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A selective review of selective attention research from the past century
    • Driver, J., 2001. A selective review of selective attention research from the past century. British Journal of Psychology, 92, 53-78.
    • (2001) British Journal of Psychology , vol.92 , pp. 53-78
    • Driver, J.1
  • 56
    • 33344464241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • London: Department for Transport
    • Driving Standards Agency, 2004. The highway code. London: Department for Transport.
    • (2004) The Highway Code
  • 57
    • 30844456582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of drivers’ age and push button locations on visual time off road, steering wheel deviation and safety perception
    • Dukic, T., Hanson, L., and Falkmer, T., 2006. Effect of drivers’ age and push button locations on visual time off road, steering wheel deviation and safety perception. Ergonomics, 49, 78-92.
    • (2006) Ergonomics , vol.49 , pp. 78-92
    • Dukic, T.1    Hanson, L.2    Falkmer, T.3
  • 58
    • 33744938102 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complex nonverbal auditory signals and speech warnings
    • M.S. Wogalter, ed., Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum
    • Edworthy, J. and Hellier, E., 2006. Complex nonverbal auditory signals and speech warnings. In: M.S. Wogalter, ed. Handbook of warnings. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum, 199-220.
    • (2006) Handbook of Warnings , pp. 199-220
    • Edworthy, J.1    Hellier, E.2
  • 59
    • 0025832576 scopus 로고
    • Improving auditory warning design: Relationship between warning sound parameters and perceived urgency
    • Edworthy, J., Loxley, S., and Dennis, I., 1991. Improving auditory warning design: relationship between warning sound parameters and perceived urgency. Human Factors, 33, 205-231.
    • (1991) Human Factors , vol.33 , pp. 205-231
    • Edworthy, J.1    Loxley, S.2    Dennis, I.3
  • 61
    • 0242391474 scopus 로고
    • In-vehicle displays, visual workload and usability evaluation
    • A.G. Gale, I.D. Brown, C.M. Haslegrave, H.W. Kruysse and S.P. Taylor, eds., Amsterdam: Elsevier Science
    • Fairclough, S.H., Ashby, M.C., and Parkes, A.M., 1993. In-vehicle displays, visual workload and usability evaluation. In: A.G. Gale, I.D. Brown, C.M. Haslegrave, H.W. Kruysse and S.P. Taylor, eds. Vision in vehicles - IV. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science, 245-254.
    • (1993) Vision in Vehicles - IV , pp. 245-254
    • Fairclough, S.H.1    Ashby, M.C.2    Parkes, A.M.3
  • 62
    • 84895323074 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psycho-acoustics and sound quality
    • J. Blauert, ed., New York: Springer-Verlag
    • Fastl, H., 2005. Psycho-acoustics and sound quality. In: J. Blauert, ed. Communication acoustics. New York: Springer-Verlag, 139-162.
    • (2005) Communication Acoustics , pp. 139-162
    • Fastl, H.1
  • 63
    • 85050711677 scopus 로고
    • Invasions of personal space
    • Felipe, N.J. and Sommer, R., 1966. Invasions of personal space. Social Problems, 14, 206-214.
    • (1966) Social Problems , vol.14 , pp. 206-214
    • Felipe, N.J.1    Sommer, R.2
  • 64
    • 33745750137 scopus 로고
    • An intervehicular spacing display for improved car-following performance
    • MMS
    • Fenton, R.E. and Montano, W.B., 1968. An intervehicular spacing display for improved car-following performance. IEEE Transactions on Man-Machine Systems, MMS-9, 29-35.
    • (1968) IEEE Transactions on Man-Machine Systems , vol.9 , pp. 29-35
    • Fenton, R.E.1    Montano, W.B.2
  • 65
    • 0020007408 scopus 로고
    • Comments on Mulligan and Shaw’s ‘Multimodal signal detection: Independent decisions vs integration’
    • Fidell, S., 1982. Comments on Mulligan and Shaw’s ‘Multimodal signal detection: independent decisions vs integration’. Perception and Psychophysics, 31, 90.
    • (1982) Perception and Psychophysics , vol.31 , pp. 90
    • Fidell, S.1
  • 67
    • 34547215771 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toward developing an approach for alerting drivers to the direction of a crash threat
    • Fitch, G.M., et al., 2007. Toward developing an approach for alerting drivers to the direction of a crash threat. Human Factors, 49, 710-720.
    • (2007) Human Factors , vol.49 , pp. 710-720
    • Fitch, G.M.1
  • 69
    • 0022907185 scopus 로고
    • Auditory icons: Using sound in computer interfaces
    • Gaver, W.W., 1986. Auditory icons: using sound in computer interfaces. Human-Computer Interaction, 2, 167-177.
    • (1986) Human-Computer Interaction , vol.2 , pp. 167-177
    • Gaver, W.W.1
  • 70
    • 0024864434 scopus 로고
    • The SonicFinder: An interface that uses auditory icons
    • Gaver, W.W., 1989. The SonicFinder: an interface that uses auditory icons. Human-Computer Interaction, 4, 67-94.
    • (1989) Human-Computer Interaction , vol.4 , pp. 67-94
    • Gaver, W.W.1
  • 72
    • 0000380572 scopus 로고
    • Some neglected possibilities of communication
    • Geldard, F.A., 1960. Some neglected possibilities of communication. Science, 131, 1583-1588.
    • (1960) Science , vol.131 , pp. 1583-1588
    • Geldard, F.A.1
  • 73
    • 0005693342 scopus 로고
    • Cutaneous channels of communication
    • W.A. Rosenblith, ed., Cambridge, MA: MIT Press
    • Geldard, F.A., 1961. Cutaneous channels of communication. In: W.A. Rosenblith, ed. Sensory communications. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 73-87.
    • (1961) Sensory Communications , pp. 73-87
    • Geldard, F.A.1
  • 74
  • 75
    • 30544432126 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The combination of vision and touch depends on spatial proximity
    • Gepshtein, S., et al., 2005. The combination of vision and touch depends on spatial proximity. Journal of Vision, 5, 1013-1023.
    • (2005) Journal of Vision , vol.5 , pp. 1013-1023
    • Gepshtein, S.1
  • 76
    • 0000820105 scopus 로고
    • A theoretical field-analysis of automobile-driving
    • Gibson, J.J. and Crooks, L.E., 1938. A theoretical field-analysis of automobile-driving. American Journal of Psychology, 51, 453-471.
    • (1938) American Journal of Psychology , vol.51 , pp. 453-471
    • Gibson, J.J.1    Crooks, L.E.2
  • 77
    • 0028610514 scopus 로고
    • Tactile stimulation of the human head for information display
    • Gilliland, K. and Schlegel, R.E., 1994. Tactile stimulation of the human head for information display. Human Factors, 36, 700-717.
    • (1994) Human Factors , vol.36 , pp. 700-717
    • Gilliland, K.1    Schlegel, R.E.2
  • 78
    • 33745755573 scopus 로고
    • Toward cutaneous electro-pulse communication
    • Gilmer, B.v.H., 1961. Toward cutaneous electro-pulse communication. Journal of Psychology, 52, 211-222.
    • (1961) Journal of Psychology , vol.52 , pp. 211-222
    • Gilmer, B.V.H.1
  • 79
    • 11144333807 scopus 로고
    • Intelligent accelerator: An element of driver support
    • A.M. Parkes and S. Franzen, eds., London: Taylor & Francis
    • Godthelp, H. and Schumann, J., 1993. Intelligent accelerator: an element of driver support. In: A.M. Parkes and S. Franzen, eds. Driving future vehicles. London: Taylor & Francis, 265-274.
    • (1993) Driving Future Vehicles , pp. 265-274
    • Godthelp, H.1    Schumann, J.2
  • 80
    • 0032863981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of auditory icons as emergency warnings: Evaluation within a vehicle collision avoidance application
    • Graham, R., 1999. Use of auditory icons as emergency warnings: evaluation within a vehicle collision avoidance application. Ergonomics, 42, 1233-1248.
    • (1999) Ergonomics , vol.42 , pp. 1233-1248
    • Graham, R.1
  • 82
    • 0000399596 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How long does it take to stop? Methodological analysis of driver perception-brake times
    • Green, M., 2000. ‘How long does it take to stop?’ Methodological analysis of driver perception-brake times. Transportation Human Factors, 2, 195-216.
    • (2000) Transportation Human Factors , vol.2 , pp. 195-216
    • Green, M.1
  • 83
    • 84911469891 scopus 로고
    • Some coding problems in the design of a cutaneous communication channel
    • Gregg, L.W., 1960. Some coding problems in the design of a cutaneous communication channel. US Army Medical Research Report, 424, 85-102.
    • (1960) US Army Medical Research Report , vol.424 , pp. 85-102
    • Gregg, L.W.1
  • 84
    • 0242329383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Judging the urgency of nonvocal auditory warning signals: Perceptual and cognitive processes
    • Guillaume, A., et al., 2003. Judging the urgency of nonvocal auditory warning signals: perceptual and cognitive processes. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied, 9, 196-212.
    • (2003) Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied , vol.9 , pp. 196-212
    • Guillaume, A.1
  • 85
    • 0028835281 scopus 로고
    • Perceived urgency and response time to multi-tone and frequency-modulated warning signals in broadband noise
    • Haas, E.C. and Casali, J.G., 1995. Perceived urgency and response time to multi-tone and frequency-modulated warning signals in broadband noise. Ergonomics, 38, 2313-2326.
    • (1995) Ergonomics , vol.38 , pp. 2313-2326
    • Haas, E.C.1    Casali, J.G.2
  • 86
    • 0030214423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Designing urgency into auditory warnings using pitch, speed and loudness
    • Haas, E.C. and Edworthy, J., 1996. Designing urgency into auditory warnings using pitch, speed and loudness. Computing and Control Engineering Journal, 7, 193-198.
    • (1996) Computing and Control Engineering Journal , vol.7 , pp. 193-198
    • Haas, E.C.1    Edworthy, J.2
  • 87
    • 0029066487 scopus 로고
    • Virtually-augmented interfaces for tactical aircraft
    • Haas, M.W., 1995. Virtually-augmented interfaces for tactical aircraft. Biological Psychology, 40, 229-238.
    • (1995) Biological Psychology , vol.40 , pp. 229-238
    • Haas, M.W.1
  • 88
    • 0035176497 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mobile (Cellular) phone use and driving: A critical review of research methodology
    • Haigney, D. and Westerman, S.J., 2001. Mobile (cellular) phone use and driving: a critical review of research methodology. Ergonomics, 44, 132-143.
    • (2001) Ergonomics , vol.44 , pp. 132-143
    • Haigney, D.1    Westerman, S.J.2
  • 90
    • 0010170622 scopus 로고
    • On the resolution of small time intervals and the effect of conduction delays on the judgement of simultaneity
    • Halliday, A.M. and Mingay, R., 1964. On the resolution of small time intervals and the effect of conduction delays on the judgement of simultaneity. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 16, 35-46.
    • (1964) Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology , vol.16 , pp. 35-46
    • Halliday, A.M.1    Mingay, R.2
  • 91
    • 27144431625 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simultaneity constancy: Detecting events with touch and vision
    • Harrar, V. and Harris, L.R., 2005. Simultaneity constancy: detecting events with touch and vision. Experimental Brain Research, 166, 465-473.
    • (2005) Experimental Brain Research , vol.166 , pp. 465-473
    • Harrar, V.1    Harris, L.R.2
  • 92
    • 34248152742 scopus 로고
    • Vigilance for cutaneous and auditory signals
    • Hawkes, G.R. and Loeb, M., 1961. Vigilance for cutaneous and auditory signals. Journal of Auditory Research, 4, 272-284.
    • (1961) Journal of Auditory Research , vol.4 , pp. 272-284
    • Hawkes, G.R.1    Loeb, M.2
  • 93
    • 84946647980 scopus 로고
    • Vigilance for cutaneous and auditory stimuli as a function of intersignal interval and signal strength
    • Hawkes, G.R. and Loeb, M., 1962. Vigilance for cutaneous and auditory stimuli as a function of intersignal interval and signal strength. Journal of Psychology, 53, 211-218.
    • (1962) Journal of Psychology , vol.53 , pp. 211-218
    • Hawkes, G.R.1    Loeb, M.2
  • 95
    • 0027818901 scopus 로고
    • Improving auditory warning design: Quantifying and predicting the effects of different warning parameters on perceived urgency
    • Hellier, E.J., Edworthy, J., and Dennis, I., 1993. Improving auditory warning design: quantifying and predicting the effects of different warning parameters on perceived urgency. Human Factors, 35, 693-706.
    • (1993) Human Factors , vol.35 , pp. 693-706
    • Hellier, E.J.1    Edworthy, J.2    Dennis, I.3
  • 96
    • 33845942924 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multimodal user interfaces: Designing media for the auditory and the tactile channel
    • R.W. Proctor and K.P.L. Vu, eds., Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum
    • Hempel, T. and Altinsoy, E., 2005. Multimodal user interfaces: designing media for the auditory and the tactile channel. In: R.W. Proctor and K.P.L. Vu, eds. Handbook of human factors in web design. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum, 134-155.
    • (2005) Handbook of Human Factors in Web Design , pp. 134-155
    • Hempel, T.1    Altinsoy, E.2
  • 97
    • 0013959548 scopus 로고
    • Cutaneous sensitivity communications
    • Hennessy, J.R., 1966. Cutaneous sensitivity communications. Human Factors, 8, 463-469.
    • (1966) Human Factors , vol.8 , pp. 463-469
    • Hennessy, J.R.1
  • 98
    • 0018880751 scopus 로고
    • Vision, visibility, and perception in driving
    • Hills, B.L., 1980. Vision, visibility, and perception in driving. Perception, 9, 183-216.
    • (1980) Perception , vol.9 , pp. 183-216
    • Hills, B.L.1
  • 99
    • 37249087637 scopus 로고
    • Rate control in man-machine systems
    • F.A. Geldard, ed., Austin, TX: Psychonomic Society
    • Hirsch, J., 1974. Rate control in man-machine systems. In: F.A. Geldard, ed. Cutaneous communication systems as devices. Austin, TX: Psychonomic Society, 65-72.
    • (1974) Cutaneous Communication Systems as Devices , pp. 65-72
    • Hirsch, J.1
  • 100
    • 0001847822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The format and presentation of collision warnings
    • Y.I. Noy, ed., Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum
    • Hirst, S. and Graham, R., 1997. The format and presentation of collision warnings. In: Y.I. Noy, ed. Ergonomics and safety of intelligent driver interfaces. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum, 203-219.
    • (1997) Ergonomics and Safety of Intelligent Driver Interfaces , pp. 203-219
    • Hirst, S.1    Graham, R.2
  • 101
    • 60349122652 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unpublished doctoral dissertation. Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, UK
    • Ho, C., 2006. Multisensory aspects of the spatial cuing of driver attention. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, UK.
    • (2006) Multisensory Aspects of the Spatial Cuing of Driver Attention
    • Ho, C.1
  • 102
    • 33745737339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing the effectiveness of ‘intuitive’ vibrotactile warning signals in preventing front-to-rear-end collisions in a driving simulator
    • Ho, C., Reed, N., and Spence, C., 2006a. Assessing the effectiveness of ‘intuitive’ vibrotactile warning signals in preventing front-to-rear-end collisions in a driving simulator. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 38, 989-996.
    • (2006) Accident Analysis and Prevention , vol.38 , pp. 989-996
    • Ho, C.1    Reed, N.2    Spence, C.3
  • 103
    • 36749032211 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multisensory in-car warning signals for collision avoidance
    • Ho, C., Reed, N., and Spence, C., 2007. Multisensory in-car warning signals for collision avoidance. Human Factors, 49, 1107-1114.
    • (2007) Human Factors , vol.49 , pp. 1107-1114
    • Ho, C.1    Reed, N.2    Spence, C.3
  • 105
    • 27644565111 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing the effectiveness of various auditory cues in capturing a driver’s visual attention
    • Ho, C. and Spence, C., 2005a. Assessing the effectiveness of various auditory cues in capturing a driver’s visual attention. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied, 11, 157-174.
    • (2005) Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied , vol.11 , pp. 157-174
    • Ho, C.1    Spence, C.2
  • 106
    • 24044503360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Olfactory facilitation of dual-task performance
    • Ho, C. and Spence, C., 2005b. Olfactory facilitation of dual-task performance. Neuroscience Letters, 389, 35-40.
    • (2005) Neuroscience Letters , vol.389 , pp. 35-40
    • Ho, C.1    Spence, C.2
  • 107
    • 33144456964 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Verbal interface design: Do verbal directional cues automatically orient visual spatial attention?
    • Ho, C. and Spence, C., 2006. Verbal interface design: do verbal directional cues automatically orient visual spatial attention? Computers in Human Behavior, 22, 733-748.
    • (2006) Computers in Human Behavior , vol.22 , pp. 733-748
    • Ho, C.1    Spence, C.2
  • 108
    • 33947324734 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Head orientation biases tactile localization
    • Ho, C. and Spence, C., 2007. Head orientation biases tactile localization. Brain Research, 1144C, 136-141.
    • (2007) Brain Research , vol.1144C , pp. 136-141
    • Ho, C.1    Spence, C.2
  • 110
    • 33744721664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Warning signals go multisensory
    • Ho, C., Spence, C. and Tan, H.Z., 2005a. Warning signals go multisensory. Proceedings of HCI International 2005, 9, Paper No. 2284, 1-10.
    • (2005) Proceedings Of , vol.9 , Issue.2284 , pp. 1-10
    • Ho, C.1    Spence, C.2    Tan, H.Z.3
  • 112
    • 33744718742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The differential effect of vibrotactile and auditory cues on visual spatial attention
    • Ho, C., Tan, H.Z., and Spence, C., 2006b. The differential effect of vibrotactile and auditory cues on visual spatial attention. Ergonomics, 49, 724-738.
    • (2006) Ergonomics , vol.49 , pp. 724-738
    • Ho, C.1    Tan, H.Z.2    Spence, C.3
  • 113
    • 24944435459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multisensory integration: Space, time, and superadditivity
    • Holmes, N.P. and Spence, C., 2005. Multisensory integration: space, time, and superadditivity. Current Biology, 15, R762-R764.
    • (2005) Current Biology , vol.15 , pp. R762-R764
    • Holmes, N.P.1    Spence, C.2
  • 114
    • 0027087826 scopus 로고
    • Warning signal design: A key human factors issue in an in-vehicle front-to-rear-end collision warning system
    • Santa Monica, CA: HFES
    • Horowitz, A.D. and Dingus, T.A., 1992. Warning signal design: a key human factors issue in an in-vehicle front-to-rear-end collision warning system. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 36th annual meeting. Santa Monica, CA: HFES, 1011-1013.
    • (1992) Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 36Th Annual Meeting , pp. 1011-1013
    • Horowitz, A.D.1    Dingus, T.A.2
  • 117
    • 0022691507 scopus 로고
    • What attracts attention when driving?
    • Hughes, P.K. and Cole, B.L., 1986. What attracts attention when driving? Ergonomics, 29, 377-391.
    • (1986) Ergonomics , vol.29 , pp. 377-391
    • Hughes, P.K.1    Cole, B.L.2
  • 120
    • 0018439006 scopus 로고
    • A comparison of kinesthetic-tactual and visual displays via a critical tracking task
    • Jagacinski, R.J., Miller, D.P., and Gilson, R.D., 1979. A comparison of kinesthetic-tactual and visual displays via a critical tracking task. Human Factors, 21, 79-86.
    • (1979) Human Factors , vol.21 , pp. 79-86
    • Jagacinski, R.J.1    Miller, D.P.2    Gilson, R.D.3
  • 121
    • 4544381631 scopus 로고
    • Behavioural effects of driver support
    • A.M. Parkes and S. Franzen, eds., London: Taylor & Francis
    • Janssen, W. and Nilsson, L., 1993. Behavioural effects of driver support. In: A.M. Parkes and S. Franzen, eds. Driving future vehicles. London: Taylor & Francis, 147-155.
    • (1993) Driving Future Vehicles , pp. 147-155
    • Janssen, W.1    Nilsson, L.2
  • 122
    • 0004070731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In-vehicle collision avoidance support under adverse visibility conditions
    • Y.I. Noy, ed., Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum
    • Janssen, W.H. and Thomas, H., 1997. In-vehicle collision avoidance support under adverse visibility conditions. In: Y.I. Noy, ed. Ergonomics and safety of intelligent driver interfaces. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum, 221-229.
    • (1997) Ergonomics and Safety of Intelligent Driver Interfaces , pp. 221-229
    • Janssen, W.H.1    Thomas, H.2
  • 123
    • 0015010372 scopus 로고
    • Drivers’ brake reaction times
    • Johansson, G. and Rumar, K., 1971. Drivers’ brake reaction times. Human Factors, 13, 23-27.
    • (1971) Human Factors , vol.13 , pp. 23-27
    • Johansson, G.1    Rumar, K.2
  • 124
    • 0024811282 scopus 로고
    • Attention to auditory and peripheral visual stimuli: Effects of arousal and predictability
    • Johnson, T.L. and Shapiro, K.L., 1989. Attention to auditory and peripheral visual stimuli: effects of arousal and predictability. Acta Psychologica, 72, 233-245.
    • (1989) Acta Psychologica , vol.72 , pp. 233-245
    • Johnson, T.L.1    Shapiro, K.L.2
  • 126
    • 0842279238 scopus 로고
    • Exploring mental workload via TLX: The case of operating a car stereo while driving
    • A.G. Gale, I.D. Brown, C.M. Haslegrave, H.W. Kruysse and S.P. Taylor, eds., Amsterdam: Elsevier Science
    • Jordan, P.W. and Johnson, G.I., 1993. Exploring mental workload via TLX: the case of operating a car stereo while driving. In: A.G. Gale, I.D. Brown, C.M. Haslegrave, H.W. Kruysse and S.P. Taylor, eds. Vision in vehicles - IV. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science, 255-262.
    • (1993) Vision in Vehicles - IV , pp. 255-262
    • Jordan, P.W.1    Johnson, G.I.2
  • 127
    • 0015423492 scopus 로고
    • Characteristics of visual and proprioceptive response times in the learning of a motor skill
    • Jordan, T.C., 1972. Characteristics of visual and proprioceptive response times in the learning of a motor skill. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 24, 536-543.
    • (1972) Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology , vol.24 , pp. 536-543
    • Jordan, T.C.1
  • 128
    • 0031424420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of within- and cross-modality suppression in the superior colliculus
    • Kadunce, D.C., et al., 1997. Mechanisms of within- and cross-modality suppression in the superior colliculus. Journal of Neurophysiology, 78, 2834-2847.
    • (1997) Journal of Neurophysiology , vol.78 , pp. 2834-2847
    • Kadunce, D.C.1
  • 129
  • 130
    • 0010454179 scopus 로고
    • Performance decrement on an audio-visual checking task
    • Kappauf, W.E. and Powe, W.E., 1959. Performance decrement on an audio-visual checking task. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 57, 49-56.
    • (1959) Journal of Experimental Psychology , vol.57 , pp. 49-56
    • Kappauf, W.E.1    Powe, W.E.2
  • 131
    • 1842477638 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meaning from environmental sounds: Types of signal-referent relations and their effect on recognizing auditory icons
    • Keller, P. and Stevens, C., 2004. Meaning from environmental sounds: types of signal-referent relations and their effect on recognizing auditory icons. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied, 10, 3-12.
    • (2004) Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied , vol.10 , pp. 3-12
    • Keller, P.1    Stevens, C.2
  • 132
    • 0037219101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluating perception in driving simulation experiments
    • Kemeny, A. and Panerai, F., 2003. Evaluating perception in driving simulation experiments. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 7, 31-37.
    • (2003) Trends in Cognitive Sciences , vol.7 , pp. 31-37
    • Kemeny, A.1    Panerai, F.2
  • 133
    • 4644274881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integrated vehicle instrument simulations - i-ViS initial design philosophy
    • Kenny, T., et al., 2004. Integrated vehicle instrument simulations - i-ViS initial design philosophy. Imeche 2004, 93-102.
    • (2004) Imeche 2004 , pp. 93-102
    • Kenny, T.1
  • 135
    • 33750570262 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Audiotactile multisensory interactions in human information processing
    • Kitagawa, N. and Spence, C., 2006. Audiotactile multisensory interactions in human information processing. Japanese Psychological Research, 48, 158-173.
    • (2006) Japanese Psychological Research , vol.48 , pp. 158-173
    • Kitagawa, N.1    Spence, C.2
  • 137
    • 0025170760 scopus 로고
    • Perception-response speed and driving capabilities of brain-damaged and older drivers
    • Korteling, J.E., 1990. Perception-response speed and driving capabilities of brain-damaged and older drivers. Human Factors, 32, 95-108.
    • (1990) Human Factors , vol.32 , pp. 95-108
    • Korteling, J.E.1
  • 138
    • 0035727065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rear-end collision warning system: Design and evaluation via simulation
    • Krishnan, H., et al., 2001. Rear-end collision warning system: design and evaluation via simulation. Transportation Research Record, 1759, 52-60.
    • (2001) Transportation Research Record , vol.1759 , pp. 52-60
    • Krishnan, H.1
  • 139
    • 2942698563 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Information transmission through soles by vibro-tactile stimulation
    • Kume, Y., et al., 1998. Information transmission through soles by vibro-tactile stimulation. Transactions of the Virtual Reality Society of Japan, 3, 83-88.
    • (1998) Transactions of the Virtual Reality Society of Japan , vol.3 , pp. 83-88
    • Kume, Y.1
  • 140
    • 0842328709 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distraction from multiple in-vehicle secondary tasks: Vehicle performance and mental workload implications
    • Lansdown, T., Brook-Carter, N., and Kersloot, T., 2004. Distraction from multiple in-vehicle secondary tasks: vehicle performance and mental workload implications. Ergonomics, 47, 91-104.
    • (2004) Ergonomics , vol.47 , pp. 91-104
    • Lansdown, T.1    Brook-Carter, N.2    Kersloot, T.3
  • 141
    • 5644244420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Semantic congruence is a critical factor in multisensory behavioral performance
    • Laurienti, P.J., et al., 2004. Semantic congruence is a critical factor in multisensory behavioral performance. Experimental Brain Research, 158, 405-414.
    • (2004) Experimental Brain Research , vol.158 , pp. 405-414
    • Laurienti, P.J.1
  • 142
    • 33744918798 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhanced multisensory integration in older adults
    • Laurienti, P.J., et al., 2006. Enhanced multisensory integration in older adults. Neurobiology of Aging, 27, 1155-1163.
    • (2006) Neurobiology of Aging , vol.27 , pp. 1155-1163
    • Laurienti, P.J.1
  • 143
    • 0022568974 scopus 로고
    • Industrial safety: Acoustic signals for danger situations in factories
    • Lazarus, H. and Hoge, H., 1986. Industrial safety: acoustic signals for danger situations in factories. Applied Ergonomics, 17, 41-46.
    • (1986) Applied Ergonomics , vol.17 , pp. 41-46
    • Lazarus, H.1    Hoge, H.2
  • 144
    • 0000616676 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Display alternatives for in-vehicle warning and sign information: Message style, location, and modality
    • Lee, J.D., Gore, B.F., and Campbell, J.L., 1999. Display alternatives for in-vehicle warning and sign information: message style, location, and modality. Transportation Human Factors, 1, 347-375.
    • (1999) Transportation Human Factors , vol.1 , pp. 347-375
    • Lee, J.D.1    Gore, B.F.2    Campbell, J.L.3
  • 145
    • 4544320877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Collision warning design to mitigate driver distraction
    • Lee, J.D., Hoffman, J.D., and Hayes, E., 2004. Collision warning design to mitigate driver distraction. Chi 2004, 6, 65-72.
    • (2004) Chi 2004 , vol.6 , pp. 65-72
    • Lee, J.D.1    Hoffman, J.D.2    Hayes, E.3
  • 146
    • 0035734337 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Speech-based interaction with in-vehicle computers: The effect of speech-based e-mail on drivers’ attention to the roadway
    • Lee, J.D., et al., 2001. Speech-based interaction with in-vehicle computers: the effect of speech-based e-mail on drivers’ attention to the roadway. Human Factors, 43, 631-640.
    • (2001) Human Factors , vol.43 , pp. 631-640
    • Lee, J.D.1
  • 147
    • 33847120716 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of adaptive cruise control and alert modality on driver performance
    • Lee, J.D., et al., 2006. Effects of adaptive cruise control and alert modality on driver performance. Transportation Research Record, 1980, 49-56.
    • (2006) Transportation Research Record, 1980 , pp. 49-56
    • Lee, J.D.1
  • 148
    • 2942646791 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Empirical studies for effective near-field haptics in virtual environments
    • Lindeman, R.W. and Yanagida, Y., 2003. Empirical studies for effective near-field haptics in virtual environments. Proceedings of the IEEE Virtual Reality, 287-288.
    • (2003) Proceedings of the IEEE Virtual Reality , pp. 287-288
    • Lindeman, R.W.1    Yanagida, Y.2
  • 150
    • 0035868653 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative study of the effects of auditory, visual and multimodal displays on drivers’ performance in advanced traveller information systems
    • Liu, Y.-C., 2001. Comparative study of the effects of auditory, visual and multimodal displays on drivers’ performance in advanced traveller information systems. Ergonomics, 44, 425-442.
    • (2001) Ergonomics , vol.44 , pp. 425-442
    • Liu, Y.-C.1
  • 151
    • 2542619945 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Visually controlled locomotion: Its dependence on optic flow, three-dimensional space perception, and cognition
    • Loomis, J.M. and Beall, A.C., 1998. Visually controlled locomotion: its dependence on optic flow, three-dimensional space perception, and cognition. Ecological Psychology, 10, 271-285.
    • (1998) Ecological Psychology , vol.10 , pp. 271-285
    • Loomis, J.M.1    Beall, A.C.2
  • 154
    • 0003251346 scopus 로고
    • Recognition of sound sources and events
    • S. McAdams and E. Bigand, eds., Oxford: Clarendon Press
    • McAdams, S., 1993. Recognition of sound sources and events. In: S. McAdams and E. Bigand, eds. Thinking in sound: the cognitive psychology of human audition. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 146-198.
    • (1993) Thinking in Sound: The Cognitive Psychology of Human Audition , pp. 146-198
    • McAdams, S.1
  • 155
    • 1842685986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Driver reaction time in crash avoidance research: Validation of a driving simulator study on a test track
    • McGehee, D.V., Mazzae, E.N., and Baldwin, G.H.S., 2000. Driver reaction time in crash avoidance research: validation of a driving simulator study on a test track. Proceedings of the IEA 2000/ HFES 2000 congress, 3, 320-323.
    • (2000) Proceedings of the IEA 2000/ HFES 2000 Congress , vol.3 , pp. 320-323
    • McGehee, D.V.1    Mazzae, E.N.2    Baldwin, G.H.S.3
  • 157
  • 159
    • 34249074520 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mapping the urgency and pleasantness of speech, auditory icons, and abstract alarms to their referents within the vehicle
    • McKeown, J.D. and Isherwood, S., 2007. Mapping the urgency and pleasantness of speech, auditory icons, and abstract alarms to their referents within the vehicle. Human Factors, 49, 417-428.
    • (2007) Human Factors , vol.49 , pp. 417-428
    • McKeown, J.D.1    Isherwood, S.2
  • 160
    • 0016567057 scopus 로고
    • The influence of motion and audio cues on driver performance in an automobile simulator
    • McLane, R.C. and Wierwille, W.W., 1975. The influence of motion and audio cues on driver performance in an automobile simulator. Human Factors, 17, 488-501.
    • (1975) Human Factors , vol.17 , pp. 488-501
    • McLane, R.C.1    Wierwille, W.W.2
  • 161
    • 27744541707 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reducing whole-body vibration and musculoskeletal injury with a new car seat design
    • Makhsous, M., et al., 2005. Reducing whole-body vibration and musculoskeletal injury with a new car seat design. Ergonomics, 48, 1183-1199.
    • (2005) Ergonomics , vol.48 , pp. 1183-1199
    • Makhsous, M.1
  • 163
    • 4644334868 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perceptual and cognitive limits on driver information processing
    • Mather, G., 2004. Perceptual and cognitive limits on driver information processing. Imeche, 2004, 85-92.
    • (2004) Imeche , vol.2004 , pp. 85-92
    • Mather, G.1
  • 164
    • 21244464709 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial auditory attention is modulated by tactile priming
    • Menning, H., et al., 2005. Spatial auditory attention is modulated by tactile priming. Experimental Brain Research, 164, 41-47.
    • (2005) Experimental Brain Research , vol.164 , pp. 41-47
    • Menning, H.1
  • 165
    • 0020123867 scopus 로고
    • Divided attention: Evidence for coactivation with redundant signals
    • Miller, J., 1982. Divided attention: evidence for coactivation with redundant signals. Cognitive Psychology, 14, 247-279.
    • (1982) Cognitive Psychology , vol.14 , pp. 247-279
    • Miller, J.1
  • 166
    • 0028741897 scopus 로고
    • The effects of sensory modality and information priority on in-vehicle signing and information systems
    • Santa Monica, CA: HFES
    • Mollenhauer, M., et al., 1994. The effects of sensory modality and information priority on in-vehicle signing and information systems. Proceedings of the 38th annual meeting of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society. Santa Monica, CA: HFES, 1072-1077.
    • (1994) Proceedings of the 38Th Annual Meeting of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society , pp. 1072-1077
    • Mollenhauer, M.1
  • 169
    • 0015085937 scopus 로고
    • Ways to alarm pilots
    • Munns, M., 1971. Ways to alarm pilots. Aerospace Medicine, 42, 731-734.
    • (1971) Aerospace Medicine , vol.42 , pp. 731-734
    • Munns, M.1
  • 170
    • 28444469259 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beyond sensory substitution - learning the sixth sense
    • Nagel, S.K., et al., 2005. Beyond sensory substitution - learning the sixth sense. Journal of Neural Engineering, 2, R13-R26.
    • (2005) Journal of Neural Engineering , vol.2 , pp. R13-R26
    • Nagel, S.K.1
  • 171
    • 0025125207 scopus 로고
    • Reaction times for hand movements made in response to visual versus vibratory cues
    • Nelson, R.J., McCandlish, C.A., and Douglas, V.D., 1990. Reaction times for hand movements made in response to visual versus vibratory cues. Somatosensory and Motor Research, 7, 337-352.
    • (1990) Somatosensory and Motor Research , vol.7 , pp. 337-352
    • Nelson, R.J.1    McCandlish, C.A.2    Douglas, V.D.3
  • 172
    • 0030628525 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the speed of different senses and nerve transmission by Hirsch 1862
    • Nicolas, S., 1997. On the speed of different senses and nerve transmission by Hirsch 1862. Psychological Research, 59, 261-268.
    • (1997) Psychological Research , vol.59 , pp. 261-268
    • Nicolas, S.1
  • 174
    • 0043090074 scopus 로고
    • Speed perception in driving - comparison with TV observation
    • A.G. Gale, ed., Amsterdam: Elsevier
    • Ohita, H. and Komatsu, H., 1991. Speed perception in driving - comparison with TV observation. In: A.G. Gale, ed. Vision in vehicles III. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 415-426.
    • (1991) Vision in Vehicles III , pp. 415-426
    • Ohita, H.1    Komatsu, H.2
  • 176
    • 0002732767 scopus 로고
    • The hand and the tool: The functional architecture of human technical skills
    • A. Berthelet and J. Chavaillon, eds., New York: Oxford University Press
    • Paillard, J., 1993. The hand and the tool: the functional architecture of human technical skills. In: A. Berthelet and J. Chavaillon, eds. The use of tools by human and non-human primates. New York: Oxford University Press, 34-46.
    • (1993) The Use of Tools by Human and Non-Human Primates , pp. 34-46
    • Paillard, J.1
  • 177
    • 0031104808 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alarm effectiveness in driver-centred collision-warning systems
    • Parasuraman, R., Hancock, P.A., and Olofinboba, O., 1997. Alarm effectiveness in driver-centred collision-warning systems. Ergonomics, 40, 390-399.
    • (1997) Ergonomics , vol.40 , pp. 390-399
    • Parasuraman, R.1    Hancock, P.A.2    Olofinboba, O.3
  • 178
    • 0033605380 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Communication goes multimodal
    • Partan, S. and Marler, P., 1999. Communication goes multimodal. Science, 283, 1272-1273.
    • (1999) Science , vol.283 , pp. 1272-1273
    • Partan, S.1    Marler, P.2
  • 179
    • 1442335237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Using mobile telephones: Cognitive workload and attention resource allocation
    • Patten, C.J.D., et al., 2004. Using mobile telephones: cognitive workload and attention resource allocation. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 36, 341-350.
    • (2004) Accident Analysis and Prevention , vol.36 , pp. 341-350
    • Patten, C.J.D.1
  • 181
    • 0016928706 scopus 로고
    • Visual dominance: An information-processing account of its origins and significance
    • Posner, M.I., Nissen, M.J., and Klein, R.M., 1976. Visual dominance: an information-processing account of its origins and significance. Psychological Review, 83, 157-171.
    • (1976) Psychological Review , vol.83 , pp. 157-171
    • Posner, M.I.1    Nissen, M.J.2    Klein, R.M.3
  • 182
    • 30344457059 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemosensory anxiety signals augment the startle reflex in humans
    • Prehn, A., et al., 2006. Chemosensory anxiety signals augment the startle reflex in humans. Neuroscience Letters, 394, 127-130.
    • (2006) Neuroscience Letters , vol.394 , pp. 127-130
    • Prehn, A.1
  • 183
    • 0032160790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The neuropsychology of 3-D space
    • Previc, F.H., 1998. The neuropsychology of 3-D space. Psychological Bulletin, 124, 123-164.
    • (1998) Psychological Bulletin , vol.124 , pp. 123-164
    • Previc, F.H.1
  • 185
    • 24044548475 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implications of compatibility and cuing effects for multimodal interfaces
    • Paper No. 2733
    • Proctor, R.W., et al., 2005. Implications of compatibility and cuing effects for multimodal interfaces. Proceedings of HCI International 2005, 11, Paper No. 2733, 1-10.
    • (2005) Proceedings of HCI International 2005 , vol.11 , pp. 1-10
    • Proctor, R.W.1
  • 186
    • 33645491891 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 3 June, Available from, Accessed 4 June 2005
    • RAC Foundation, 2005, 3 June. The scent of danger. Available from: http://www.racfoundation.org/releases/030605rac.htm [Accessed 4 June 2005].
    • (2005) The Scent of Danger
  • 188
    • 0032814391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of driving performance on-road and in a low-cost simulator using a concurrent telephone dialling task
    • Reed, M.P. and Green, P.A., 1999. Comparison of driving performance on-road and in a low-cost simulator using a concurrent telephone dialling task. Ergonomics, 42, 1015-1037.
    • (1999) Ergonomics , vol.42 , pp. 1015-1037
    • Reed, M.P.1    Green, P.A.2
  • 189
    • 0000697304 scopus 로고
    • Phantom limbs and body shape
    • Riddoch, G., 1941. Phantom limbs and body shape. Brain, 64, 197-222.
    • (1941) Brain , vol.64 , pp. 197-222
    • Riddoch, G.1
  • 190
    • 85010626299 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • undated, Available from, Accessed 30 May 2005
    • Rinspeed, R., undated. 'Senso’- the car that senses the driver. Available from: http://www.rinspeed.com/pages/cars/senso/pre-senso.htm [Accessed 30 May 2005].
    • 'Senso’- the Car that Senses the Driver
    • Rinspeed, R.1
  • 191
    • 0030820081 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The space around us
    • Rizzolatti, G., et al., 1997. The space around us. Science, 277, 190-191.
    • (1997) Science , vol.277 , pp. 190-191
    • Rizzolatti, G.1
  • 193
    • 0000958801 scopus 로고
    • Spare visual capacity in driving - revisited: New empirical results for an old idea
    • A.G. Gale, M.H. Freeman, C.M. Haslegrave, P. Smith and S.P. Taylor, eds., Amsterdam: Elsevier Science
    • Rockwell, T.H., 1988. Spare visual capacity in driving - revisited: new empirical results for an old idea. In: A.G. Gale, M.H. Freeman, C.M. Haslegrave, P. Smith and S.P. Taylor, eds. Vision in vehicles II. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science, 317-324.
    • (1988) Vision in Vehicles II , pp. 317-324
    • Rockwell, T.H.1
  • 194
    • 24344509908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The modality shift effect and the effectiveness of warning signals in different modalities
    • Rodway, P., 2005. The modality shift effect and the effectiveness of warning signals in different modalities. Acta Psychologica, 120, 199-226.
    • (2005) Acta Psychologica , vol.120 , pp. 199-226
    • Rodway, P.1
  • 195
    • 0025499407 scopus 로고
    • The basic driver error: Late detection
    • Rumar, K., 1990. The basic driver error: late detection. Ergonomics, 33, 1281-1290.
    • (1990) Ergonomics , vol.33 , pp. 1281-1290
    • Rumar, K.1
  • 196
    • 0034102165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An instrumentation solution for reducing spatial disorientation mishaps
    • Rupert, A.H., 2000. An instrumentation solution for reducing spatial disorientation mishaps. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine, 19, 71-80.
    • (2000) IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine , vol.19 , pp. 71-80
    • Rupert, A.H.1
  • 200
    • 37249053358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing the automaticity of reflexive tactile attentional orienting
    • Santangelo, V. and Spence, C., 2007a. Assessing the automaticity of reflexive tactile attentional orienting. Perception, 36, 1497-1505.
    • (2007) Perception , vol.36 , pp. 1497-1505
    • Santangelo, V.1    Spence, C.2
  • 204
    • 27444447477 scopus 로고
    • On the effectiveness of an active steering wheel in critical driving situations - a proving ground experiment
    • Schumann, J. and Naab, K., 1992. On the effectiveness of an active steering wheel in critical driving situations - a proving ground experiment. Proceedings of the conference on road safety in Europe, 194-208.
    • (1992) Proceedings of the Conference on Road Safety in Europe , pp. 194-208
    • Schumann, J.1    Naab, K.2
  • 205
    • 0342485006 scopus 로고
    • Breaking up open-loop steering control actions the steering wheel as an active control device
    • A.G. Gale, I.D. Brown, C.M. Haslegrave, H.W. Kruysse and S.P. Taylor, eds., Amsterdam: Elsevier Science
    • Schumann, J., et al., 1993. Breaking up open-loop steering control actions the steering wheel as an active control device. In: A.G. Gale, I.D. Brown, C.M. Haslegrave, H.W. Kruysse and S.P. Taylor, eds. Vision in vehicles - IV. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science, 321-332.
    • (1993) Vision in Vehicles - IV , pp. 321-332
    • Schumann, J.1
  • 206
    • 0028844597 scopus 로고
    • Integrating multiple information sources: Using redundancy in the design of warnings
    • Selcon, S.J., Taylor, R.M., and McKenna, F.P., 1995. Integrating multiple information sources: using redundancy in the design of warnings. Ergonomics, 38, 2362-2370.
    • (1995) Ergonomics , vol.38 , pp. 2362-2370
    • Selcon, S.J.1    Taylor, R.M.2    McKenna, F.P.3
  • 207
    • 44349103604 scopus 로고
    • Giving the pilot two sources of information: Help or hindrance
    • E. Farmer, ed., Aldershot, UK: Avebury Technical
    • Selcon, S.J., Taylor, R.M., and Shadrake, R.A., 1991. Giving the pilot two sources of information: help or hindrance. In: E. Farmer, ed. Human resource management in aviation. Aldershot, UK: Avebury Technical, 139-148.
    • (1991) Human Resource Management in Aviation , pp. 139-148
    • Selcon, S.J.1    Taylor, R.M.2    Shadrake, R.A.3
  • 209
    • 0019031693 scopus 로고
    • Response time effects of alerting tone and semantic context for synthesized voice cockpit warnings
    • Simpson, C.A. and Williams, D.H., 1980. Response time effects of alerting tone and semantic context for synthesized voice cockpit warnings. Human Factors, 22, 319-330.
    • (1980) Human Factors , vol.22 , pp. 319-330
    • Simpson, C.A.1    Williams, D.H.2
  • 210
    • 0342549287 scopus 로고
    • Speech controls and displays
    • G. Salvendy, ed., New York: Wiley
    • Simpson, C.A., et al., 1987. Speech controls and displays. In: G. Salvendy, ed. Handbook of human factors. New York: Wiley, 1490-1525.
    • (1987) Handbook of Human Factors , pp. 1490-1525
    • Simpson, C.A.1
  • 211
    • 0030322084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The information that drivers use: Is it indeed 90% visual?
    • Sivak, M., 1996. The information that drivers use: is it indeed 90% visual? Perception, 25, 1081-1090.
    • (1996) Perception , vol.25 , pp. 1081-1090
    • Sivak, M.1
  • 212
    • 0033505118 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Good vibrations: Tactile feedback in support of attention allocation and human-automation coordination in event-driven domains
    • Sklar, A.E. and Sarter, N.B., 1999. Good vibrations: tactile feedback in support of attention allocation and human-automation coordination in event-driven domains. Human Factors, 41, 543-552.
    • (1999) Human Factors , vol.41 , pp. 543-552
    • Sklar, A.E.1    Sarter, N.B.2
  • 213
    • 0004211706 scopus 로고
    • Studies in personal space
    • Sommer, R., 1959. Studies in personal space. Sociometry, 22, 247-260.
    • (1959) Sociometry , vol.22 , pp. 247-260
    • Sommer, R.1
  • 214
    • 0002360997 scopus 로고
    • Design of auditory and tactile displays
    • G. Salvendy, ed., New York: Wiley
    • Sorkin, R.D., 1987. Design of auditory and tactile displays. In: G. Salvendy, ed. Handbook of human factors. New York: Wiley, 549-576.
    • (1987) Handbook of Human Factors , pp. 549-576
    • Sorkin, R.D.1
  • 216
    • 44349139717 scopus 로고
    • Systems with human monitors: A signal detection analysis
    • Sorkin, R.D. and Woods, D.D., 1985. Systems with human monitors: a signal detection analysis. Human-Computer Interaction, 1, 49-75.
    • (1985) Human-Computer Interaction , vol.1 , pp. 49-75
    • Sorkin, R.D.1    Woods, D.D.2
  • 217
    • 85010496076 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • undated, Available from, Accessed 2 December 2005
    • Sound Alert Technology, undated. Directional sound in aircraft. Available from: http://www.soundalert.com/pdfs/localizer_aviation.pdf [Accessed 2 December 2005].
    • Directional Sound in Aircraft
  • 218
    • 77956734848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crossmodal attentional capture: A controversy resolved?
    • C.L. Folk and B.S. Gibson, eds., Amsterdam: Elsevier Science
    • Spence, C., 2001. Crossmodal attentional capture: a controversy resolved?. In: C.L. Folk and B.S. Gibson, eds. Attraction, distraction and action: multiple perspectives on attentional capture. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science, 231-262.
    • (2001) Attraction, Distraction and Action: Multiple Perspectives on Attentional Capture , pp. 231-262
    • Spence, C.1
  • 219
    • 0030636048 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Audiovisual links in exogenous covert spatial orienting
    • Spence, C. and Driver, J., 1997a. Audiovisual links in exogenous covert spatial orienting. Perception and Psychophysics, 59, 1-22.
    • (1997) Perception and Psychophysics , vol.59 , pp. 1-22
    • Spence, C.1    Driver, J.2
  • 220
    • 0000055213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cross-modal links in attention between audition, vision, and touch: Implications for interface design
    • Spence, C. and Driver, J., 1997b. Cross-modal links in attention between audition, vision, and touch: implications for interface design. International Journal of Cognitive Ergonomics, 1, 351-373.
    • (1997) International Journal of Cognitive Ergonomics , vol.1 , pp. 351-373
    • Spence, C.1    Driver, J.2
  • 221
    • 0038155652 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new approach to the design of multimodal warning signals
    • D. Harris, ed., Aldershot, UK: Ashgate
    • Spence, C. and Driver, J., 1999. A new approach to the design of multimodal warning signals. In: D. Harris, ed. Engineering psychology and cognitive ergonomics, Vol. 4: Job design, product design and human-computer interaction. Aldershot, UK: Ashgate, 455-461.
    • (1999) Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics , vol.4 , pp. 455-461
    • Spence, C.1    Driver, J.2
  • 223
    • 4444373058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exogenous spatial cuing studies of human crossmodal attention and multisensory integration
    • C. Spence and J. Driver, eds., Oxford: Oxford University Press
    • Spence, C., McDonald, J., and Driver, J., 2004. Exogenous spatial cuing studies of human crossmodal attention and multisensory integration. In: C. Spence and J. Driver, eds. Crossmodal space and crossmodal attention. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 277-320.
    • (2004) Crossmodal Space and Crossmodal Attention , pp. 277-320
    • Spence, C.1    McDonald, J.2    Driver, J.3
  • 224
  • 225
    • 0043280889 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Speech shadowing while driving: On the difficulty of splitting attention between eye and ear
    • Spence, C. and Read, L., 2003. Speech shadowing while driving: on the difficulty of splitting attention between eye and ear. Psychological Science, 14, 251-256.
    • (2003) Psychological Science , vol.14 , pp. 251-256
    • Spence, C.1    Read, L.2
  • 226
    • 0038348141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multisensory integration: Maintaining the perception of synchrony
    • Spence, C. and Squire, S., 2003. Multisensory integration: Maintaining the perception of synchrony. Current Biology, 13, R519-R521.
    • (2003) Current Biology , vol.13 , pp. R519-R521
    • Spence, C.1    Squire, S.2
  • 228
    • 0442310054 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Shared control between human and machine: Using a haptic steering wheel to aid in land vehicle guidance
    • Santa Monica, CA: HFES
    • Steele, M. and Gillespie, B., 2001. Shared control between human and machine: using a haptic steering wheel to aid in land vehicle guidance. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 45th annual meeting. Santa Monica, CA: HFES, 1671-1675.
    • (2001) Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 45Th Annual Meeting , pp. 1671-1675
    • Steele, M.1    Gillespie, B.2
  • 232
    • 0035516284 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Driven to distraction: Dual-task studies of simulated driving and conversing on a cellular telephone
    • Strayer, D.L. and Johnston, W.A., 2001. Driven to distraction: dual-task studies of simulated driving and conversing on a cellular telephone. Psychological Science, 12, 462-466.
    • (2001) Psychological Science , vol.12 , pp. 462-466
    • Strayer, D.L.1    Johnston, W.A.2
  • 234
    • 0032128720 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Driving experience and perception of the lead car’s braking when looking at in-car targets
    • Summala, H., Lamble, D., and Laakso, M., 1998. Driving experience and perception of the lead car’s braking when looking at in-car targets. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 30, 401-407.
    • (1998) Accident Analysis and Prevention , vol.30 , pp. 401-407
    • Summala, H.1    Lamble, D.2    Laakso, M.3
  • 235
    • 0022329681 scopus 로고
    • Driver inattention and highway safety
    • Sussman, E.D., et al., 1985. Driver inattention and highway safety. Transportation Research Record, 1047, 40-48.
    • (1985) Transportation Research Record , vol.1047 , pp. 40-48
    • Sussman, E.D.1
  • 240
    • 1942543722 scopus 로고
    • Some experiments with flight-related electrocutaneous and vibrotactile displays
    • F.A. Geldard, ed., Austin, TX: Psychonomic Society
    • Triggs, T.J., Lewison, W.H., and Sanneman, R., 1974. Some experiments with flight-related electrocutaneous and vibrotactile displays. In: F.A. Geldard, ed. Cutaneous communication systems as devices. Austin, TX: Psychonomic Society, 57-64.
    • (1974) Cutaneous Communication Systems as Devices , pp. 57-64
    • Triggs, T.J.1    Lewison, W.H.2    Sanneman, R.3
  • 241
    • 23044480407 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interruption from auditory and visual onsets even when attention is in a focused state
    • Van der Lubbe, R.H.J. and Postma, A., 2005. Interruption from auditory and visual onsets even when attention is in a focused state. Experimental Brain Research, 164, 464-471.
    • (2005) Experimental Brain Research , vol.164 , pp. 464-471
    • Van Der Lubbe, R.H.J.1    Postma, A.2
  • 242
    • 41149122563 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emotional experience of frequency modulated sounds: Implications for the design of alarm sounds
    • D. de Waard, K.A. Brookhuis and C.M. Weikert, eds., Maastricht, The Netherlands: Shaker Publishing
    • Van Egmond, R., 2004. Emotional experience of frequency modulated sounds: implications for the design of alarm sounds. In: D. de Waard, K.A. Brookhuis and C.M. Weikert, eds. Human factors in design. Maastricht, The Netherlands: Shaker Publishing, 345-356.
    • (2004) Human Factors in Design , pp. 345-356
    • Van Egmond, R.1
  • 243
    • 16844374407 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Presenting directions with a vibrotactile torso display
    • Van Erp, J.B.F., 2005. Presenting directions with a vibrotactile torso display. Ergonomics, 48, 302-313.
    • (2005) Ergonomics , vol.48 , pp. 302-313
    • Van Erp, J.B.F.1
  • 247
    • 0018019209 scopus 로고
    • Design criteria for aircraft warning, caution, and advisory alerting systems
    • Veitengruber, J.E., 1978. Design criteria for aircraft warning, caution, and advisory alerting systems. Journal of Aircraf t, 15, 574-581.
    • (1978) Journal of Aircraf T , vol.15 , pp. 574-581
    • Veitengruber, J.E.1
  • 248
    • 0037440234 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multimodal feedback: An assessment of performance and mental workload
    • Vitense, H.S., Jacko, J.A., and Emery, V.K., 2003. Multimodal feedback: an assessment of performance and mental workload. Ergonomics, 46, 68-87.
    • (2003) Ergonomics , vol.46 , pp. 68-87
    • Vitense, H.S.1    Jacko, J.A.2    Emery, V.K.3
  • 249
    • 0013158183 scopus 로고
    • Interaction of paired sensory stimuli and conduction in peripheral nerves
    • Von Bekesy, G., 1963. Interaction of paired sensory stimuli and conduction in peripheral nerves. Journal of Applied Physiology, 18, 1276-1284.
    • (1963) Journal of Applied Physiology , vol.18 , pp. 1276-1284
    • Von Bekesy, G.1
  • 252
    • 0002354525 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cross-modal control of attention shifts
    • R.D. Wright, ed., New York: Oxford University Press
    • Ward, L.M., McDonald, J.J., and Golestani, N., 1998. Cross-modal control of attention shifts. In: R.D. Wright, ed. Visual attention. New York: Oxford University Press, 232-268.
    • (1998) Visual Attention , pp. 232-268
    • Ward, L.M.1    McDonald, J.J.2    Golestani, N.3
  • 253
    • 8644233763 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Olfactory use in virtual environment training
    • Washburn, D.A., et al., 2003. Olfactory use in virtual environment training. Modeling and Simulation Magazine, 2 (3), 19-25.
    • (2003) Modeling and Simulation Magazine , vol.2 , Issue.3 , pp. 19-25
    • Washburn, D.A.1
  • 254
    • 0017477275 scopus 로고
    • Controlled flight into terrain accidents: System-induced errors
    • Wiener, E.L., 1977. Controlled flight into terrain accidents: system-induced errors. Human Factors, 19, 171-181.
    • (1977) Human Factors , vol.19 , pp. 171-181
    • Wiener, E.L.1
  • 257
    • 33847742595 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Audiotactile multisensory interactions in front and rear space
    • Zampini, M., et al., 2007. Audiotactile multisensory interactions in front and rear space. Neuropsychologia, 45, 1869-1877.
    • (2007) Neuropsychologia , vol.45 , pp. 1869-1877
    • Zampini, M.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.