No Turkish delight: The impasse of Islamic party politics in Indonesia

Indonesia

Volumn 2011, Issue 92, 2011, Pages 1-18

  Hadiz, Vedi R ^a  

^a MURDOCH UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 85008710910     PISSN: 00197289     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5728/indonesia.92.0001     Document Type: Article

References (49)

1. Banu Eligur, The Mobilization of Political Islam in Turkey (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010), p. 1.
2. Bernard Lewis, “Why Turkey Is the Only Muslim Democracy,” Middle East Quarterly 1,1 (1994): 41-49.
3. Faik Bulit, Leftist public intellectual, Istanbul, October 13, 2010. Also see Eligur, The Mobilization of Political Islam in Turkey, pp. 88-93.
4. Anthony Bubalo, Greg Fealy, and Whit Mason, “Zealous Democrats: Islamism and Democracy in Egypt, Indonesia, and Turkey,” The Lowy Institute for International Policy Working Paper no. 25 (2008), pp. 71-72, available at www.lowyinstitute.org/Publication.asp?pid=909 (accessed October 10, 2010). In this report, influential PKS secretary general Anis Matta is described specifically as expressing great interest in studying the success of the AKP, which he attributes to adeptness in combining Islam with political and economic competence or credibility.
5. Robert Hefner, ed., Remaking Muslim Politics (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2005)
6. Robert Hefner, ed., Making Modern Muslims: The Politics of Islamic Education in Southeast Asia (Honolulu, HI: University of Hawaii Press, 2009), among a relatively small number of works.
7. Vali Nasr, The Forces of Fortune: The Rise of the New Muslim Middle Class and What It Will Mean for Our World (New York, NY: Free Press, 2009).
8. Masdar Hilmy, Islamism and Democracy in Indonesia: Piety and Pragmatism (Singapore: ISEAS, 2010), p. 234.
9. There was already a precedent for non-Muslims’ participation. See Bubalo et al., Zealous Democrats, p. 66: “… in areas with large non-Muslim populations, the PKS has nominated Christian candidates for legislative positions. In eastern Indonesia, for example, nine of the party’s candidates at the 2004. elections were non-Muslim, one of whom was elected.”
10. Angel Rabasa and F. Stephen Larrabee, The Rise of Political Islam in Turkey (Santa Monica, CA: Rand, 2008), p. 54.
11. See Bernhard Platzdasch, Islamism in Indonesia: Politics in the Emerging Democracy (Singapore: ISEAS, 2009), chapter 4. Also, my interview with Lukman Hakim Syaifuddin, member of parliament for PPP (Partai Persatuan Pembangunan, United Development Party), Jakarta, July 12, 2010. He stated that the PPP would only implement sharia if it is what the public wants.
12. Masdar Hilmy, Islamism and Democracy: Piety and Pragmatism (Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 2010)
13. Imdadun Rahmat, Ideologi Politik PKS: Dari Masjid Kampus ke Gedung Parlemen (Yogyakarta: LKIS, 2008)
14. Ahmad Norma Permata, “Islamist Party and Democratic Participation: Prosperous Justice Party (PKS) in Indonesia, 1998-2006” (PhD dissertation, University of Münster, 2008)
15. Yon Machmudi, “Islamising Indonesia: The Rise of the Jemaah Tarbiyah and the Prosperous Justice Party (PKS)” (PhD dissertation, Australian National University, 2006).
16. Hilmy, Islamism and Democracy: Piety and Pragmatism, p. 208.
17. Hilmy, Islamism and Democracy: Piety and Pragmatism., p. 126.
18. Interview with Imdadun Rahmat, deputy general secretary of the Nahdlatul Ulama, Jakarta, July 5, 2010.
19. Al Chaidar, “Perpecahan dan Integrasi: Perkembangan Darul Islam di Indonesia dan Jaringannya di Asia Tenggara, 1962-2006” (unpublished paper, 2006), pp. 8-29. Also see Machmudi, “Islamising Indonesia,” pp. 93-94.
20. Jenny B. White, Islamist Mobilization in Turkey: A Study in Vernacular Politics (Seattle, WA: University of Washington Press, 2002).
21. “No Splits in Turkey’s Governing AKP Parliamentary Party,” 05ANKARA7215, US Embassy, Ankara, 12. August 2005, available at http://wikileaks.derinden.net/belge/05ANKARA7215 (accessed December 12, 2010). 25 Nasr, The Forces of Fortune, chapter 9.
22. Interview with Ihsan Dagi, Middle East Technical Institute, Ankara, October 22, 2010. The widely used term “post-modern” coup is apparently a reference to the fact that the military ousted a government without dissolving parliament or suspending the constitution.
23. Ayse Bugra, “Class, Culture, and State: An Analysis of Interest Representation by Two Turkish Business Associations,” International Journal of Middle East Studies 30,4 (1998): 521-39.
24. A Nasr, The Forces of Fortune, p. 240.
25. “Turkish Court Considers AKP Ban,” Islam Online, March 31, 2008, www.islamonline.net/servlet/Satellite?c=Article_C&cid=1203758585387&pagename=Zone-English-News/NWELayout (accessed July 5, 2010). In October 2010, senior military figures refused to attend a ceremony at which the headscarf-wearing wife of President Abdullah Gul was present.
26. Mohammed Ayoob, The Many Faces of Political Islam: Religion and Politics in the Muslim World (Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press, 2007), p. 107.
27. Richard Robison and Vedi R. Hadiz, Reorganising Power in Indonesia: The Politics of Oligarchy in an Age of Markets (London: Routledge, 2004)
28. Vedi R. Hadiz, Localising Power in Post-Authoritarian Indonesia: A Southeast Asia Perspective (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2010).
29. Caroline Damanik, “Nanti, PKS Usulkan Lagi,” kompas.com, November 12, 2010, http://nasional.kompas.com/read/2010/11/12/1529009/Nanti.PKS.Usulkan.Soeharto.Lagi (accessed November 20, 2010).
30. Jusuf Wanandi, “The Indonesian General Elections 2004,” Asia-Pacific Review, 11,2 (2004): 118.
31. KPU Media Center, “KPU Ubah Perolehan Kursi Parpol di DPR,” May 14, 2009, available at http://mediacenter.kpu.go.id/berita/472-kpu-rubah-perolehan-kursi-parpol-di-dpr.html (accessed June 14, 2010)
32. Pemilu Indonesia, “KPU Tetapkan Hasil Pemilu Legislatif 2009,” May 10, 2009, available at www.pemiluindonesia.com/pemilu-2009/kpu-tetapkan-hasil-pemilu-legislatif-2009.html (accessed June 14, 2010).
33. “Semangat Populis Partai Dakwah,” Tempo Online, March 30, 2009, http://majalah.tempointeraktif.com/id/arsip/2009/03/30/LU/mbm.20090330.LU129923.id.html (accessed August 5, 2010).
34. OSCE/ODIHR Assessment Report, “Republic of Turkey Parliamentary Elections 3. November 2002” (Warsaw, December 4, 2002), www.osce.org/odihr/elections/turkey/16346 (accessed June 14, 2010).
35. OSCE/ODIHR Election Assessment Mission Report, “Republic of Turkey Early Parliamentary Elections 22. July 2007” (Warsaw, November 27, 2007), www.osce.org/odihr/elections/turkey/29181 (accessed June 14, 2010).
36. Ersin Kalaycıolu, “Turkish Referendum: Divided We Stand,” Today’s Zaman, September 19, 2010, www.todayszaman.com/news-222065-turkish-referendum-divided-we-stand.html (accessed November 20, 2010).
37. Mustafa Gürlek, “YSK Decision for Redistribution of Seats Found to be Controversial,” Today’s Zaman, June 15, 2011, www.todayszaman.com/mobile_detailn.action?newsId=247500 (accessed June 16, 2011).
38. Robert E. Elson, The Idea of Indonesia: A History (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008).
39. Bernhard J. Boland, The Struggle of Islam in Modern Indonesia (The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, 1971).
40. Çaglar Keyder, State and Class in Turkey: A Study in Capitalist Development (London: Verso, 1987), p. 89.
41. On the Armenian genocide, see Taner Akcam, From Empire to Republic: Turkish Nationalism and the Armenian Genocide (London: Zed Books, 2004).
42. Keyder, State and Class in Turkey, pp. 80-83.
43. Keyder, State and Class in Turkey, p. 105.
44. Ismet Akça, Military Economic Structure in Turkey: Present Situation, Problems, and Solutions (Istanbul: Tesev Publications, 2010).
45. A recent official Indonesian survey of consumption data would suggest that the urban middle class constitutes 26. 5. percent of the population (being slightly less than two thirds of a total middle class that is said to account for 43. percent of the population). A large portion of that segment, however, would be classified as “lower middle class,” and its members are said to be vulnerable to slipping into poverty. See Asian Development Bank, “The Rise of Asia’s Middle Class,” in Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2010 (Mandaluyong City, Philippines: Asian Development Bank, 2010), p. 11, available at www.adb.org/Documents/Books/Key_Indicators/2010/pdf/Key-Indicators-2010.pdf (accessed February 12, 2011).
46. Sandra Halperin, “The Post-Cold War Political Topography of the Middle East: Prospects for Democracy,” Third World Quarterly 26, 7 (2005): 1135-56.
47. Berna Turam, Between Islam and the State: The Politics of Engagement (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2007)
48. M. Hakan Yakuz and John L. Esposito, eds., Turkish Islam and the Secular State: The Gülen Movement (Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, 2003).
49. Alejandro Colas, “The Re-Invention of Populism: Islamist Responses to Capitalist Development in the Contemporary Maghreb,” Historical Materialism 12,4 (2004): 231-60.