Case Analysis: Dražen Erdemović: The International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia in Action

Leiden Journal of International Law

Volumn 10, Issue 2, 1997, Pages 363-381

  Green, L C ^a,b  

^a US NAVAL WAR COLLEGE   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF ALBERTA   (Canada)

Author keywords

defences; international criminal law; International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia; sentencing

Indexed keywords

EID: 85008214727     PISSN: 09221565     EISSN: 14789698     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0922156597000289     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. Prosecutor v. Dran Erdemovic, Sentencing Judgment, Case No. IT-96-22-T, 29 November 1996 (hereinafter Judgment).
2. The specifics of the charges are set out in the Indictment, ICTY Doc. CC/PIO/081-E, 29 May 1996.
3. UN Doc. S/RES/819 (1993); see also S/RES/824 & 836 (1993).
4. Statute of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia, originally pub-lished as an annex to the Report of the Secretary-General pursuant to Paragraph 2 of Security Council Resolution 808 (1993), UN Doc. S/25704 (1993) and adopted pursuant to Security Council Resolution 827 of 25 May 1993.
5. Geneva Convention for the Amelioration of the Wounded and Sick in Armed Forces in the Field (Geneva Convention I); Geneva Convention for the Amelioration of the Condition of Wounded, Sick and Shipwrecked Members of Armed Forces at Sea (Geneva Convention II); Geneva Convention Relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War (Geneva Convention III); and Geneva Convention Relative to the Prosecution of Civilian Persons in Time of War (Geneva Convention IV), 75 UNTS 287 (1949).
6. Prosecutor v, Radovan Karadzic and Ratko Mladic, Review of Indictment pursuant to Rule 61, Cases No. IT-95-5-R61 & No., IT-95-18-R61, 11 July 1996 (hereinafter Karadzic and Mladic Rule 61).
7. J. Cameron, The Peleus Trial (1945).
8. Evidence of Drazen Erdemovic, 5 July 1996, during Karadzic and Mladic hearing, Karadzic and Mladic Rule 61, The Peleus Trial note 6, at 40.
9. 1950-n YILC 374.
10. Prosecutor's Brief on Aggravating and Mitigating Factors, Case No. IT-96-22-T, 11 November 1996, at 3.
11. Statute, Prosecutor's Brief on Aggravating and Mitigating Factors note 4, at Art. 24.
12. Rules of Procedure and Evidence of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia, adopted 11 February 1994, as amended.
13. Penal Code of the SFRY, introduced on 28 September 1976, published in Official Gazetter SFRY, No. 44/76, on 8 October 1976, entered into force on 1 July 1977.
14. Judgment, Penal Code of the SFRY note 1, para. 13.
15. Rule 89, Rules of Procedure and Evidence, Judgment note 16.
16. See, e,g.j Y. Dinstein, The Defence of ‘Obedience to Superior Orders’ in International Law (1965); L.C. Green, Superior Orders in National and International Law (1976); and N. Keijzer, Military Obedience (1978).
17. Judgment, The Defence of ‘Obedience to Superior Orders’ in International Law note 1, paras. 18-20.
18. Id.y para. 28.
19. Id.y paras. 31-32.
20. Hartley Shawcross, Introduction, in R. Phillips, The Belsen Trial (1949).
21. Judgment, Introduction note 1, para. 35 (emphasis added).
22. Id.y para. 46.
23. Id.y para. 54 (emphasis added).
24. Rule 101(B.ii), Rules of Procedure and Evidence, Id.y para. 54 (emphasis added). note 16.
25. See 1st Ann. Rep. of the Tribunal, UN Doc. A/19/342.
26. Judgment, 1st Ann. Rep. of the Tribunal note 1, para. 62.
27. Israel t;. Eichmann, 36 ILR 257, at 341 (1968).
28. Judgment, Israel t;. note 1, para. 64.
29. Art. 27 Statute, citing Karadzic and Mladic Rule 61 note 4.
30. Id.
31. Judgment, Id. note 1, para. 73.
32. Art. 28 Statute, Judgment note 4 (emphasis added).
33. Judgment, Art. 28 Statute note 1, para. 87.
34. Id.y para. 91.
35. December 1996, Case IT-96-22-A, at 3.
36. Id,, 2.
37. The distributed English text runs to 58 typewritten pages.
38. See, e.g., Prosecutor v. Tadic, Sentencing Judgment, 14 July 1997, para. 8: “genocide, itself a specific crime against humanity”.
39. C.M., LL.B., LL.D., F.R.S.C., Charles H. Stockton Professor of International Law, US Naval War College, United States; University Professor Emeritus, Honorary Professor of Law, University of Alberta, Canada.