Towards integrated multidisciplinary synthesis of actively controlled fiber composite wings

Journal of Aircraft

Volumn 27, Issue 12, 1990, Pages 979-992

  Livne, E ^a   Schmit, L A ^a   Friedmann, P ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 85002560541     PISSN: 00218669     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2514/3.45972     Document Type: Article

References (136)

1. Hwang, C., and Kesler, D. F., “Aircraft Active Controls-New Era in Design,” Astronautics & Aeronautics, June 1983, 70-85.
2. Hanson, P. W., “An Aeroelastician's Perspective of Wind Tunnel and Flight Experiences with Active Control of Structural Response and Stability,” NASA TM-85761, April 1984 (available from NTIS as N84-23924).
3. Newsom, J. R., Adams, W. M., Mukhopadhyay, V., Tiffany, S. H., and Abel I., “Active Controls: A Look at Analytical Methods and Associated Tools,” Proceedings of the 14th Congress of the International Council of the Aeronautical Sciences, Toulouse, France, 1984, ICAS Paper 84-42.3.
4. Nissim, E., “Design of Control Laws for Flutter Suppression Based on the Aerodynamic Energy Concept and Comparisons with Other Design Methods,” AIAA Paper 89-1212, April 1989.
5. Liebst, B. S., Garrard, W. L., and Farm, J. A., “Design of a Multivariable Flutter Suppression/Gust Load Alleviation System,” Journal of Guidance, Control and Dynamics, Vol. 11, No. 3, May-June 1988, 220-229.
6. Schmidt, D. K., and Chen, T. K., “Frequency Domain Synthesis of a Robust Flutter Suppression Control Law,” Journal of Guidance, Control and Dynamics, Vol. 9, No. 3, May-June 1986, 346-351.
7. Lynch, R. W., and Rogers, Q. A., “Aeroelastic Tailoring of Composite Materials to Improve Performance,” Proceedings of the 16th AIAA Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference, 1975, 61-68.
8. McCullers, L. A., “Automated Design of Advanced Composite Structures,” Mechanics of Composite Materials, edited by Z. Hashin, Pergamon Press, New York, 1983.
9. Lansing, W., Lerner, E., and Taylor, R. F., “Applications of Structural Optimization for Strength and Aeroelastic Design Requirements,” AGARD-R-664, London, 1978.
10. Shirk, M. H., Hertz, T. J., and Weisshaar, T. A., “Aeroelastic Tailoring—Theory, Practice, Promise,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 23, No. 1, Jan. 1986, 6-18.
11. Weisshaar, T. A., “Aeroelastic Tailoring—Creative Uses of Unusual Materials,” AIAA Paper 87-0976-CP, April 1987.
12. Peloubet, R. P., “YF16 Active Control System/Structural Dynamics Interaction Instability,” AIAA Paper 75-823, May 1975.
13. Felt, L. R., Huttsell, J., Noll, T. E., and Cooley, D. E., “Aeroservoelastic Encounters,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 16, No. 7, July 1979, 477-483.
14. Brinks, W. H., “F/A-18 Full Scale Development Test,” The Society of Experimental Test Pilots 24th Symposium Proceedings, Lancaster, CA, Dec. 1980, p. 38.
15. Swaim, R. L., “Aeroelastic Interactions with Flight Control,” AIAA Paper 83-2219, Aug. 1983.
16. Freyman, R., “Interactions Between an Aircraft Structure and Active Control Systems,” Journal of Guidance, Control and Dynamics, Vol. 10, No. 5, Sept.-Oct. 1987, 447-452.
17. Tolson, R. H., and Sobieszczanski-Sobieski, J., “Multidisciplinary Analysis and Synthesis: Needs and Opportunities,” AIAA Paper 85-0584.
18. Sobieszczanski-Sobieski, J., and Haftka, R. T., “Interdisciplinary and Multilevel Optimum Design,” Computer Aided Optimal Design: Structural and Mechanical Systems, edited by C. A. Mota Scares, Spring-Verlag, Berlin, 1987.
19. Weisshaar, T. A., Newsom, J. R., Zeiler, T. A., and Gilbert, M. G., “Integrated Structure/Control Design—Present Methodology and Future Opportunities,” 1986 Conference of the International Council of the Aeronautical Sciences, London, England, 1986, ICAS Paper 84-4.8.1.
20. Ashley, H., “On Making Things the Best—The Aeronautical Uses of Optimization,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 19, No. 1, Jan. 1982, 5-28.
21. Schmit, L. A., “Structural Analysis—Precursor and Catalyst,” Recent Experiences in Multidisciplinary Analysis and Optimization, NASA CP-2327, Pt. 1, 1984, 1-17.
22. Schmit, L. A., “Structural Optimization—Some Key Ideas and Insights,” New Directions in Optimum Structural Design, edited by E. Atrek, R. H. Gallagher, K. M. Ragsdell, O. C. Zienkiewicz, John Wiley and Sons, 1984.
23. Hornlein, H. R. E. M., “Takeoff in Optimum Structural Design,” Computer Aided Optimal Design: Structural and Mechanical Systems, edited by C. A. Mota Soares, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1987.
24. Wilkinson, K., Markowitz, J., Lerner, E., George, D., and Batill, S. M. “FASTOP—A Flutter and Strength Optimization Program for Lifting Surface Structures,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 14, No. 6, June 1977.
25. Markowitz, J., and Isakson, G., “FASTOP3—A Strength, Deflection and Flutter Optimization Program for Metallic and Composite Structures,” Air Force Flight Dynamic Lab, Wright Aeronautical Laboratories, Dayton, OH, AFFDL-TR-78-50, May 1978.
26. Isakson, G., Pardo, H., Lerner, E., and Venkayya, V. B., “ASOP3—A Program for Optimum Structural Design to Satisfy Strength and Deflection Constraints,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 15, No. 7, July 1978, 422-428.
27. Lerner, E., “The Application of Practical Optimization Techniques in the Preliminary Structural Design of a Forward—Swept Wing,” The Second International Symposium on Aeroelasticity and Structural Dynamics, Aachen, W. Germany, April 1985, DGLRBericht 85-02.
28. Love, M., and Bohlman, J., “Aeroelastic Tailoring and Integrated Wing Design,” Recent Advances in Multidisciplinary Analysis and Optimization, NASA CP-3031, Pt. 1, 1989, 431-444.
29. Lynch, R. W., Rogers, W. A., and Braymen, W. W., “Aeroelastic Tailoring of Advanced Composite Structures for Military Aircraft,” AFFDL-TR-76-100, Vol. 1, April 1977.
30. Triplett, W. E., “Aeroelastic Tailoring Studies in Fighter Aircraft Design,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 17, No. 7, July 1980, 508-513.
31. Triplett, W. E., “Flutter Optimization in Fighter Aircraft Design,” Recent Experiences in Multidisciplinary Analysis and Optimization, NASA CP-2327, 1984, 47-63.
32. Haftka, R. T., “Automated Procedure for Design of Wing Structures to Satisfy Strength and Flutter Requirements,” NASA TN D- 7264, 1973.
33. Haftka, R. T., “Optimization of Flexible Wing Structures Subject to Strength and Induced Drag Constraints,” AIAA Journal, Vol. 15, No. 8, 1977, 1101-1106.
34. Starnes, J. H., Jr., and Haftka, R. T., “Preliminary Design of Composite Wings for Buckling, Strength and Displacement Constraints,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 16, No. 2, 1979, 564-570.
35. Haftka, R. T., “Structural Optimization with Aeroelastic Constraints: A Survey of US Applications,” International Journal of Vehicle Design, Vol. 7, No. 3-4, 1986, 381-392.
36. Lecina, G., and Petiau, C., “Advances in Optimal Design with Composite Materials,” Computer Aided Optimal Design: Structural and Mechanical Systems, edited by C. A. Mota Soares, Springer-Verlag, 1987.
37. Neill, D. J., Johnson, E. H., and Canfield, R., “ASTROS—A Multidisciplinary Automated Structural Design Tool,” AIAA Paper 87-0713, April 1987.
38. Venkayya, V. B., “Recent Developments in Large Scale Structural Optimization,” Recent Advances in Multidisciplinary Analysis and Optimization, NASA CP-3031, 1989, 1521-1540.
39. Nissim, E., and Abel, L, “Development and Application of an Optimization Procedure for Flutter Suppression Using the Aerodynamic Energy Concept,” NASA TP-1337, Feb. 1978.
40. Mayne, D. Q., Polak, E., and Sangiovanni-Vincentelli, A., “Computer Aided Design via Optimization,” Proceedings of the IF AC Workshop on Control Applications of Nonlinear Programming, Denver, CO, June 1979.
41. Gangsaas, D., Bruce, K. R., Blight, J. D., and Ly, U. L., “Application of Modern Synthesis to Aircraft Control: Three Case Studies,” IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, Vol. AC-31, No. 11, Nov. 1986, 995-1013.
42. Gordon, V. C., and Collins, D. J., “Multi-Input Multi-Output Automatic Design Synthesis for Performance and Robustness,” Journal of Guidance, Control and Dynamics, Vol. 9, No. 3, May-June 1986, 281-287.
43. Stimler, D. M., and Polak, E., “Nondifferentiable Optimization in Worst Case Control System Design: A Computational Example,” Proceedings of the IEEE Third Symposium on Computer-Aided Control System Design, Arlington, VA, Sept. 1986, 102-109.
44. Mukhopadhyay, V., “Stability Robustness Improvement Using Constrained Optimization Techniques,” Journal of Guidance, Control and Dynamics, Vol. 10, No. 2, March-April 1987, 172-177.
45. Mukhopadhyay, V., “Digital Robust Control Law Synthesis Using Constrained Optimization,” Journal of Guidance, Navigation and Control, Vol. 12, No. 2, March-April 1989, 175-181.
46. Adams, W. M., and Tiffany, S. H., “Application of Optimization Techniques to the Design of a Flutter Suppression Control Law for the DAST ARW-2,” Recent Experiences in Multidisciplinary Analysis and Optimization, NASA CP-2327, Pt. 1, 1984, 279-295.
47. Thwaites, B., Incompressible Aerodynamics, Oxford Univ. Press, Dover edition, New York, 1987, Chap. 8.
48. Jones, R. T., “Three Dimensional Wings of Minimum Pressure Drag,” Theory of Optimum Aerodynamic Shapes, edited by A. Miele, Academic Press, New York, 1965, Chap. 8.
49. McDonald, J. W., and Stevens, J. R., “Optimized Design of Subsonic Lifting Surfaces,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 7, No. 5, Sept.- Oct. 1970, 442-447.
50. Hicks, R. M., Murman, E. M., and Vanderplaats, G. N., “An Assessment of Airfoil Design by Numerical Optimization,” NASA TM-X-3092, July 1974.
51. Feifel, W. M., “Optimization and Design of Three-Dimensional Aerodynamic Configurations of Arbitrary Shape by a Vortex Lattice Method,” Vortex Lattice Utilization, NASASP-405, 1976, 71-88.
52. Lamar, J. E., “Minimum Trim Drag Design for Interfering Lifting Surfaces using Vortex-Lattice Methodology,” Vortex Lattice Utilization, NASA SP-405, 1976, 89-111.
53. Hicks, R. M., and Henne, P. A., “Wing Design by Numerical Optimization,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 15, July 1978, 407-412.
54. Vanderplaats, G. N., “Efficient Algorithm for Numerical Airfoil Optimization,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 16, No. 12, Dec. 1979, 842-847.
55. Rajeswri, B., and Prabhu, K. R., “Optimum Flap Schedules and Minimum Drag Envelopes for Combat Aircraft,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 24, No. 6, June 1987, 412-414.
56. Gupta, S. C., “GENMAP—Computer Code for Mission Adaptive Profile Generation,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 25, No. 8, Aug. 1988, 766-768.
57. McGeer, T., “Wing Design for Minimum Drag with Practical Constraints,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 21, No. 11, Nov. 1984, 879-886.
58. Lan, C. E., “Application of CONMIN to Wing Design Optimization with Vortex Flow Effect,” Recent Experiences in Multidisciplinary Analysis and Optimization, NASA CP-2327, Pt. 1, 1984, 297-308.
59. Bodden, D. S., and Junkins, J. L., “Eigenvalue Optimization Algorithms for Structure/Controller Design Iterations,” Journal of Guidance, Control and Dynamics, Vol. 8, Nov.-Dec. 1985, 697-706.
60. Lust, R. V., and Schmit, L. A., “Control-Augmented Structural Synthesis,” AIAA Journal, Vol. 26, No. 1, Jan. 1988, 86-95.
61. Onoda, J., and Haftka, R. T., “An Approach to Structure/Control Simultaneous Optimization for Large Flexible Spacecraft,” AIAA Journal, Vol. 25, No. 8, Aug. 1987, 1133-1138.
62. Haftka, R. T., “Optimum Control of Structures,” Computer Aided Optimal Design: Structural and Mechanical Systems, edited by C. A. Mota Sores, Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg, 1987, 381-388.
63. Khot, N. S., “Minimum Weight and Optimal Control Design of Space Structures,” Computer Aided Optimal Design: Structural and Mechanical Systems, edited by C. A. Mota Scares, Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg, 1987.
64. Gilbert, M. G., and Schmidt, D. K., “Integrated Structure/Control Law Design by Multilevel Optimization,” AIAA Paper 89-3470- CP, Aug. 1989.
65. Junkins, J. L., and Rew, D. W., “Unified Optimization of Structures and Controllers,” Large Space Structures Dynamics and Control, edited by S. N. Atluri and A. K. Amos, Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg, 1988.
66. Thomas, H. L., and Schmit, L. A., “Control Augmented Structural Synthesis with Dynamic Stability Constraints,” AIAA Paper 89-1216, April 1989.
67. Grossman, B., Gurdal, Z., Strauch, G. J., Eppard, W. M., and Haftka, R. T., “Integrated Aerodynamic/Structural Design of a Sailplane Wing,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 25, No. 9, Sept. 1988, 855-860.
68. Haftka, R. T., Grossman, B., Eppard, W. M., and Kao, P. J., “Efficient Optimization of Integrated Aerodynamic-Structural Design,” Proceedings of the International Conference on Inverse Design Concepts and Optimization in Engineering Sciences—II, University Park, PA, Oct. 1987.
69. Haftka, R. T., Grossman, B., Kao, P. J., Polen, D. M., and Sobieszczanski-Sobieski, J., “Integrated Aerodynamic-Structural Design of a Forward-Swept Transport Wing,” Recent Advances in Multidisciplinary Analysis and Optimization, NASA CP-3031, 1989, 445-463.
70. Barthelemy, J. F. M., and Bergen, F. D., “Shape Sensitivity Analysis of Wing Static Aeroelastic Characteristics,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 26, No. 8, Aug. 1989, 712-717.
71. Kapania, R., Bergen, F., and Barthelemy, J., “Shape Sensitivity Analysis of Flutter Response of a Laminated Wing,” AIAA Paper 89-1267, April 1989.
72. Zeiler, T. A., and Weisshaar, T. A., “Integrated Aeroservoelastic Tailoring of Lifting Surfaces,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 25, No. 1, Jan. 1988, 76-83.
73. Gilbert, M. G., “Sensitivity Method for Integrated Structure/Active Control Law Design,” Sensitivity Analysis in Eingineering, NASA CP 2457, 1987.
74. Karpel, M., “Sensitivity Derivatives of Flutter Characteristics and Stability Margins for Aeroservoelastic Design,” AIAA Paper 89-3467, Aug. 1989.
75. Gilbert, M. G., “Results of an Integrated Structure/Control Law Design Sensitivity Analysis,” Recent Advances in Multidisciplinary Analysis and Optimization, NASA CP-3031, 1989, 727-745.
76. Gilbert, M. G., Schmidt, D. K., and Weisshaar, T. A., “Quadratic Synthesis of Integrated Active Controls for an Aeroelastic Forward Swept Wing Aircraft,” Journal of Guidance, Control and Dynamics, Vol. 7, March-April 1984, 190-196.
77. Sensburg, O., Schmidinger, G., and Fullhas, K., “Integrated Design of Structures,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 26, No. 3, March 1989, 260-270.
78. Schweger, J., Sensburg, O., and Berns, H., “Aeroelastic Problems and Structural Design of a Tailless CFC Sailplane,” 2nd International Symposium on Aeroelasticity and Structural Dynamics, Aachen, W. Germany, April 1985.
79. Morris, S., and Kroo, L, “Aircraft Design Optimization with Multidisciplinary Performance Criteria,” Recent Advances in Multidisciplinary Analysis and Optimization, NASA CP-3031, 1989, 1219-1235.
80. Morris, S., and Kroo, I., “Aircraft Design Optimization with Multidisciplinary Performance Criteria,” AIAA Paper 89-1265, April 1989.
81. Livne, E., “An Integrated Approach to the Optimum Design of Actively Controlled Composite Wings,” Recent Advances in Multidisciplinary Analysis and Optimization, NASA CP-3031, 1989, 897-918.
82. Sharpe, W. E., and Newton, J. B., “Examples of Static Aeroelastic Effects on Present Combat Aircraft Projects,” Static Aeroelastic Effects on High Performance Aircraft, AGARD CP-403, 1987.
83. Schmidinger, G., and Sensburg, O., “Static Aeroelastic Considerations in the Definition of Design Loads for Fighter Airplanes,” Static Aeroelastic Effects on High Performance Aircraft, AGARD CP-403, 1986.
84. Booker, D., “Aeroelastic Tailoring for Control and Performance— Are Requirements Compatible?” Combat Aircraft Maneuverability, AGARD CP-319, 1981.
85. Weisshaar, T. A., and Nam, C., “Aeroservoelastic Tailoring for Lateral Control Enhancement,” Recent Advances in Multidisciplinary Analysis and Optimization, NASA CP-3031, 1989, 803-814.
86. Moynes, J. F., and Gallagher, J. T., “Flight Control System Design for Ride Qualities of Highly Maneuverable Fighter Aircraft,” Guidance and Control Design Considerations for Low Altitude and Terminal Area Flight, AGARD CP-240.
87. Swaim, R. L., and Yen, W. Y., “Effects of Dynamic Aeroelasticity on Aircraft Handling Qualities,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 16, No. 9, Sept. 1979, 635-637.
88. Swaim, R. L., and Poopaka, S., “An Analytical Pilot Rating Method for Highly Elastic Aircraft,” Journal of Guidance, Control and Dynamics, Vol. 5, No. 6, Nov.-Dec. 1982, 578-582.
89. Rimer, M., Chipman, R., and Muniz, B., “Control of a Forward Swept Wing Configuration Dominated by Flight Dynamics/Aeroelastic Interations,” Journal of Guidance, Control and Dynamics, Vol. 9, No; 1, Jan.-Feb. 1986, 72-79.
90. Mcruer, D., Johnston, D., and Myers, T., “A Perspective on Superaugmented Flight Control: Advantages and Problems,” Journal of Guidance Control and Dynamics, Vol. 9, No. 5, Sept.-Oct. 1986, 530-540.
91. Beaufrere, H., “Limitations of Statically Unstable Aircraft due to the Effects of Sensor Noise, Turbulence, and Structural Dynamics,” AIAA Paper 86-2203, Aug. 1986.
92. Yamamoto, T., “Impact of Aircraft Structural Dynamics on Integrated Control Design,” AIAA Paper 83-2216.
93. Becker, J., Weiss, F., and Sensburg, O., “Compatibility Aspects of Active Control Technologies with Aircraft Structural Design,” Structural Control, edited by H. H. E. Leipholz, Matrinus Nijhoff Publishers, Boston, 1987.
94. Sobieszczanski-Sobieski, J., James, B. B., and Dovi, A. R., “Structural Optimization by Multilevel Decomposition,” AIAA Journal, Vol. 23, Nov. 1985, 1775-1782.
95. Wrenn, G. A., and Dovi, A. R., “Multilevel Decomposition Approach to the Preliminary Design of a Transport Aircraft Wing,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 25, No. 7, July 1988, 632-638.
96. Rodden, W. P., Comment on “The Role of Structural and Aerodynamic Damping on the Aeroelastic Behavior of Wings,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 25, No. 3, March 1988, 286-287.
97. Rodden, W. P., “Comment on General Formulation of the Aeroelastic Divergence of Composite Swept-Forward Wing Structures,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 26, No. 7, July 1989, 694-695.
98. Livne, E., Schmidt, L. A., and Friedmann, P., Design Oriented Structural Analysis for Fiber Composite Wings, UCLA Rept. UCLAENG- 88-36, Nov. 1988.
99. Giles, G. L., “Equivalent Plate Analysis of Aircraft Wing Box Structures with General Planform Geometry,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 23, No. 11, Nov. 1986, 859-864.
100. Giles, G. L., “Further Generalization of an Equivalent Plate Representation for Aircraft Structural Analysis,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 26, No. 1, Jan. 1989, 67-74.
101. Lottati, L, and Nissim, E., “Three Dimensional Oscillatory Piecewise Continuous Kernel Function Method” (in three parts), Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 18, No. 5, May 1981, 346-363.
102. Lottati, L, and Nissim, E., “Nonplanar, Subsonic, Three Dimensional Oscillatory Piecewise Continuous Kernel Function Method,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 22, No. 12, Dec. 1985, 1043-1048.
103. Nissim, E., and Lottati, L, “Supersonic Three Dimensional Oscillatory Piecewise Continuous Kernel Function Method,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 20, No. 8, Aug. 1983, 674-681.
104. Lottati, I., “Induced Drag and Lift of Wing by the Piecewise Continuous Kernel Function Method,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 21, No. 11, Nov. 1984, 833-834.
105. Landahl, M. T., and Stark, V. J. E., “Numerical Lifting Surface Theory—Problems and Progress,” AIAA Journal, Vol. 6, No. 11, 1968, 2049-2060.
106. Rowe, W. S., “Comparison of Analysis Methods used in Lifting Surface Theory,” Computational Methods in Potential Aerodynamics, edited by L. Morino, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1985.
107. Schmidt, W., “Advanced Numerical Methods for Analysis and Design in Aircraft Aerodynamics,” International Journal of Vehicle Design, Vol. 7, No. 3/4, 1986, 415-440.
108. Rogers, W. A., Brayman, W. W., and Shirk, M. H., “Design, Analysis, and Model Tests of an Aeroelastically Tailored Lifting Surface,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 20, No. 3, March 1983, 208-215.
109. Rodden, W. P., and Giesing, J. P., “Application of Oscillatory Aerodynamic Theory to Estimation of Dynamic Stability Derivatives,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 7, No. 3, May-June 1970, 272-275, (Errata and Addenda in Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 21, No. 1, Jan. 1984, 93-94).
110. Rodden, W. P., and Bellinger, E. D., “Aerodynamic Lag Functions, Divergence, and the British Flutter Method,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 19, No. 7, July 1982, 596-598.
111. Roger, K. L., “Airplane Math Modeling Methods for Active Control Design,” Structural Aspects of Active Controls, AGARD CP-228, Aug. 1977, 4-11.
112. Karpel, M., “Design for Active Flutter Suppression and Gust Alleviation using State Space Aeroelastic Modeling,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 19, No. 3, March 1982, 221-227.
113. Tiffany, S. H., and Adams, W. M., “Nonlinear Programming Extensions to Rational Function Approximations of Unsteady Aerodynamics,” AIAA Paper 87-0854, April 1987.
114. Tsai, S. W., and Hahn, H. T., Introduction to Composite Materials, Technomic, Lancaster, PA, 1980.
115. Hajela, P., “A Root Locus-Based Flutter Synthesis Procedure,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 20, No. 12, Dec. 1983, 1021-1027.
116. Haftka, R. T., and Kamat, M. P., Elements of Structural Optimization, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 1985, Chap. 6.
117. Bisplinghoff, R. L., and Ashley, H., Principles ofAeroelasticity, Dover edition, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1975.
118. Taylor, A. S., and Woodcock, D. L., “Mathematical Approaches to the Dynamics of Deformable Aircraft,” British Reports and Memoranda, London, No. 3776, June 1971.
119. Schwanz, R. C., “Consistency in Aircraft Structural and Flight Control Analysis,” Structural Aspects of Active Controls, AGARD CP-228, 1977.
120. Rodden, W. P., and Love, J. R., “Equations of Motion of a Quasisteady Flight Vehicle Utilizing Restrained Static Aeroelastic Characteristics,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 22, No. 9, Sept. 1985, 802-809.
121. Waszak, M. R., and Schmidt, D. K., “Flight Dynamics of Aeroelastic Vehicles,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 25, No. 6, June 1988, 563-571.
122. Noll, R. B., and Morino, L., “FCAP-A New Tool for the Evaluation of Active Control Technology,” AIAA Paper 75-1059, Aug. 1975.
123. Noll, T., Blair, M., and Cerra, J., “ADAM, An Aeroservoelastic Analysis Method for Analog or Digital Systems,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 23, No. 11, Nov. 1986, 852-858.
124. Gupta, K. K., Brenner, M. J., and Voelker, L. S., “Integrated Aeroservoelastic Analysis Capability with X-29A Comparisons,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 26, No. 1, Jan. 1989, 84-90.
125. Peele, E. L., and Adams, W. M., “A Digital Program for Calculating the Interaction between Flexible Structures, Unsteady Aerodynamics and Active Controls,” NASA TM-80040, Jan. 1979 (available from NTIS as N81-27115).
126. Mukhopadhyay, V., Newsom, J. R., and Abel, L, “A Method for Obtaining Reduced Order Control Laws for High Order Systems Using Optimization Techniques,” NASA TP-1876, 1981.
127. Karpel, M., “Time Domain Aeroservoelastic Modeling Using Weighted Unsteady Aerodynamic Forces,” Journal of Guidance, Control and Dynamics, Vol. 13, No. 1, 30-37.
128. Pototzki, A. S., Zeiler, T. A., Perry, B., “Time Correlated Gust Loads Using Matched Filter Theory and Random Process Theory—A New Way of Looking at Things,” AIAA Paper 89-1374, April 1989.
129. Campbell, C. W., “Monte Carlo Turbulence Simulation Using Rational Approximations to von Karman Spectra,” AIAA Journal, Vol. 24, Jan. 1986, 62-66.
130. Haftka, R. T., and Yates, E. C., Jr., “Repetitive Flutter Calculations in Structural Design,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 13, No. 7, July 1976, 454-461.
131. Johnson, E. H., “Optimization of Structures Undergoing Harmonic or Stochastic Excitation,” Stanford Univ., CA, SUDAAR 501, Aug. 1976.
132. Hajela, P., and Bach, C. T., “Optimum Structural Sizing for Gust Induced Response,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 26, No. 4, April 1989, 395-397.
133. Bryson, A. E., and Ho, Y. C., Applied Optimal Control, Revised Printing, Hemisphere Publishing Corp., Washington, New York, London, 1975.
134. Golub, G. H., Nash, S., and Van Loan, C., “A Hessenberg- Schur Method for the Problem AX + XB = C,” IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, Vol. AC-24, No. 6, Dec. 1979, 909-913.
135. Moore, R. L., “Aeroservoelastic Stability Analysis of an Airplane with a Control Augmentation System,” Ph.D. Thesis, Ohio State Univ., Columbus, OH, 1978 (available from University Microfilms International, No. 7902191).
136. Droste, C. S., and Walker, J. E., The General Dynamics Case Study on the F-16Fly-By-Wire Flight Control System, AIAA Professional Study Series, New York.