Frequency of Training in Less-than-Lethal Force Tactics and Weapons: Results of a Two-State Survey

Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice

Volumn 12, Issue 3, 1996, Pages 250-263

  Ross, Darrell L ^a   Jones, Mark ^a  

^a EAST CAROLINA UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84996263388     PISSN: 10439862     EISSN: 15525406     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/104398629601200304     Document Type: Article

References (20)

1. Bayley David H. James Garofalo (1987). Patrol Officer Effectiveness in Managing Conflict During Police-Citizen Encounters. Albany, NY: Hindelang Criminal Justice Research Center.
2. Che Mary M. (1995). Are Law Suits an Answer to Police Brutality? In Geller William A., Hans Toch,(eds.) And Justice For All: Understanding and Controlling Police Abuse of Force, 233-260. Washington, D.C.: Police Executive Research Forum.
3. Croft Elizabeth. (1985). Police Use of Force: An Empirical Analysis. Ann Arbor, MI: University Microfilms International.
4. Croft Elizabeth Bruce A. Austin (1987). Police Use of Force in Rochester and Syracuse, New York. Albany, NY: Hindelang Criminal Justice Research Center.
5. Friedrich Robert L. (1980). “Police Use of Force: Individuals, Situations and Organizations.” In Lawrence Sherman,(ed.) The Annals: The Police and Violence. Philadelphia: 452, (November).
6. Fyfe James J. (1989). “Police/Citizen Violence Reduction Project.” FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, (May).
7. Independent Commission on the Los Angeles Police Department (1991). Report on the Rodney King Incident. Los Angeles, CA: Los Angeles Police Department.
8. Klockers Carl B. (1995). “A Theory on Use of Force and Its Control.” In Geller William A., Hans Toch,(eds.) And Justice for All: Understanding and Controlling Police Use of Force, 11-30. Washington, D.C.: Police Executive Research Forum.
9. Margarita Mona (1980). “Police as Victims of Violence.” Justice Systems Journal 21 (14): 218-233.
10. McLaughlin Vance (1992). Police and the Use of Force: The Savannah Study. Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers.
11. Parsons Robert L. (1989). A Comprehensive Analysis of In-Service Police Training Needs in Michigan. Lansing, MI: Michigan Justice Training Commission.
12. Pilant Lois. (1993). “Selecting Nonlethal Weapons.” Police Chief.” May: 45-55.
13. President's Commission on Criminal Justice Standards (1973). National Advisory Commission on Criminal Justice Standards and Goals. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office.
14. Reaves Brian (1992). State and Local Police Departments, 1990. Washington, D.C. Bureau of Justice Statistics.
15. Reiss Albert J. (1968). “Police Brutality-Answers to Key Questions.” Transaction 5 (8): 10-19.
16. Schultz Donald O Gregory Service J. (1981). Police Use of Force. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas Publishers.
17. Silva Isadore (1991). Police Civil Liability. New York: Matthew Bender and Company.
18. Sullivan Craig A. (1994). “Police Liability.” Police 18 (2): 36-39, 74.
19. Toch Hans (1969). Violent Men: An Inquiry Into the Psychology of Violence. Chicago: Adline Publishing.
20. Westley W.A. (1970). Violence and the Police: A Sociological Study of Law, Custom, and Morality. Cambridge, MA: The Massachusetts Institute of Technology.