Recent developments in management of older patients with acute myeloid leukemia

Therapeutic Advances in Hematology

Volumn 3, Issue 2, 2012, Pages 89-96

  Estey, Elihu ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

5 AZA 2' DEOXYCYTIDINE; AG 35156; ANTHRACYCLINE; ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENT; ARSENIC TRIOXIDE; AZACITIDINE; CD135 ANTIGEN; CLADRIBINE; CLOFARABINE; CPX 351; CYTARABINE; DAUNORUBICIN; DENILEUKIN DIFTITOX; DNA METHYLTRANSFERASE 3A; FLAVOPIRIDOL; FLUDARABINE; IDARUBICIN; ISOCITRATE DEHYDROGENASE 1; ISOCITRATE DEHYDROGENASE 2; LENALIDOMIDE; MDX 1338; NUCLEOPHOSMIN; PLERIXAFOR; RETINOIC ACID; THALIDOMIDE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ACUTE GRANULOCYTIC LEUKEMIA; ADD ON THERAPY; ALLOGENEIC HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION; CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY; CANCER INCIDENCE; CANCER PATIENT; CANCER PROGNOSIS; CANCER RESISTANCE; CLINICAL DECISION MAKING; CLINICAL TRIAL (TOPIC); CONTINUOUS INFUSION; CYTOGENETICS; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG FATALITY; DRUG MEGADOSE; DRUG SAFETY; EDITORIAL; EVENT FREE SURVIVAL; GENE EXPRESSION; GRAFT VERSUS LEUKEMIA EFFECT; HUMAN; KARYOTYPE; LEUKEMIA REMISSION; LOW DRUG DOSE; MONOSOMAL KARYOTYPE; MORTALITY; MULTIPLE MYELOMA; MYELODYSPLASTIC SYNDROME; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; OVERALL SURVIVAL; PHYSICIAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTOR; SENESCENCE; TREATMENT DURATION; TREATMENT FAILURE; TREATMENT RELATED MORTALITY;

EID: 84993778742     PISSN: 20406207     EISSN: 20406215     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/2040620711434319     Document Type: Editorial

References (39)

1. Adès L. Boehrer S. Prebet T. Beyne-Rauzy O. Legros L. Ravoet C. et al. (2009) Efficacy and safety of lenalidomide in intermediate-2 or high-risk myelodysplastic syndromes with 5q deletion: results of a phase 2 study. Blood 113: 3947–3952.
2. Adès L. Prebet T. Stamatoullas A. Recher C. Guieze R. Raffoux E. et al. (2010) Lenalidomide (LEN) combined to intensive chemotherapy (IC) in AML and higher risk MDS with del 5q. Results of a phase I / II study of the Groupe Francophone Des Myelodysplasies (GFM). Blood 116: 225–226.
3. Appelbaum F.R. Gundacker H. Head D.R. Slovak M.L. Willman C.L. Godwin J.E. et al. (2006) Age and acute myeloid leukemia. Blood 107: 3481–3485.
4. Becker H. Marcucci G. Maharry K. Radmacher M.D. Mrozek K. Margeson D. et al. (2010) Favorable prognostic impact of NPM 1 mutations in older patients with cytogenetically normal de novo acute myeloid leukemia and associated gene- and microRNA-expression signatures: a cancer and leukemia group B study. J Clin Oncol 28: 596–604.
5. Bloomfield C.D. Lawrence D. Byrd J.C. Carroll A. Pettenati M.J. Tantravahi R. et al. (1998) Frequency of prolonged remission duration after high-dose cytarabine intensification in acute myeloid leukemia varies by cytogenetic subtype. Cancer Res 58: 4173–4179.
6. Breems D.A. van Putten W.L.J. de Greef G.E. van Zelderen-Bhola S.L. Gerssen-Schoorl K.B.J. Mellink C.H. et al. (2008) Monosomal karyotype in acute myeloid leukemia: A better indicator of poor prognosis than a complex karyotype. J Clin Oncol 26: 4791–4797.
7. Burnett A.K. Russell N.H. Kell J. Dennis M. Milligan D. Paolini S. et al. (2010) European development of clofarabine as treatment for older patients with acute myeloid leukemia considered unsuitable for intensive chemotherapy. J Clin Oncol 28: 2389–2395.
8. Cashen A.F. Schiller G.J. O'Donnell M.R. Di Persio J.F. (2010) Multicenter, phase II study of decitabine for the first-line treatment of older patients with acute myeloid leukemia. J Clin Oncol 28: 556–561.
9. Cortes J. Foran J. Ghirdaladze D. de Vetten M.P. Zodelava M. Holman P. et al. (2009) AC220, a potent, selective, second generation FLT 3 receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor, in a first-in-human (FIH) phase 1 AML study. Blood 114: 264–265.
10. de Lima M. Giralt S. Thall P.F. de Padua Silva L. Jones R.B. Komanduri K. et al. (2010) Maintenance therapy with low-dose azacitidine after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for recurrent acute myelogenous leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome: a dose and schedule finding study. Cancer 116: 5420–5431.
11. Dohner H. Estey E.H. Amadori S. Appelbaum F.R. Buchner T. Burnett A.K. et al. (2010) Diagnosis and management of acute myeloid leukemia in adults: recommendations from an international expert panel, on behalf of the European LeukemiaNet. Blood 115: 453–474.
12. Dombret H. Malfuson J.V. Etienne A. Turlure P. de Revel T. Thomas X. et al. (2008) Risk factors and decision criteria for intensive chemotherapy in older patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Haematologica 93: 1806–1813.
13. Estey E. de Lima M. Tibes R. Pierce S. Kantarjian H. Champlin R. et al. (2007) Prospective feasibility analysis of reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC) regimens for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Blood 109: 1395–1400.
14. Estey E.H. Thall P.F. Pierce S. Cortes J. Beran M. Kantarjian H. et al. (1999) Randomized phase II study of fludarabine + cytosine arabinoside + idarubicin +/− all-trans retinoic acid +/− granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in poor prognosis newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome. Blood 93: 2478–2484.
15. Faderl S. Ravandi F. Huang X. Garcia-Manero G. Ferrajoli A. Estrov Z. et al. (2008) A randomized study of clofarabine versus clofarabine plus low-dose cytarabine as front-tine therapy for patients aged 60 years and older with acute myeloid leukemia and high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome. Blood 112: 1638–1645.
16. Fehniger T.A. Uy G.L. Trinkaus K. Nelson A.D. Demland J. Abboud C.N. et al. (2011) A phase 2 study of high-dose lenalidomide as initial therapy for older patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Blood 117: 1828–1833.
17. Fenaux P. Mufti G.J. Hellstrom-Lindberg E. Santini V. Gattermann N. Germing U. et al. (2010) Azacitidine prolongs overall survival compared with conventional care regimens in elderly patients with low bone marrow blast count acute myeloid leukemia. J Clin Oncol 28: 562–569.
18. Gale R.E. Green C. Allen C. Mead A.J. Burnett A.K. Hils R.K. et al. (2008) The impact of FLT 3 internal tandem duplication mutant level, number, size, and interaction with NPM 1 mutations in a large cohort of young adult patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Blood 111: 2776–2784.
19. Gyurkocza B. Storb R. Storer B.E. Chauncey T.R. Lange T. Shizuru J.A. et al. (2010) Nonmyeloablative allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation in patients with acute myeloid leukemia. J Clin Oncol 28: 2859–2867.
20. Haferlach T. Miesner M. Haferlach C. Bacher U. Weiss T. Macijewski K. et al. (2010) Multilineage dysplasia (MLD) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) correlates with MDS-related cytogenetic abnormalities and a prior history of MDS or MDS / MPN but has no independent prognostic relevance: a comparison of 408 cases classified as ‘AML not otherwise specified’ (AML-NOS) or ‘AML with myelodysplasia-related changes’ (AML-MRC). Blood 116: 2742–2751.
21. Itzykson R. Thepot S. Beyne-Rauzy O. Quesnel B. Ame S. Turlure P. et al. (2010) Prolonged survival without complete remission (CR) in AML patients (pts) treated with azacitidine (AZA). Blood 116: 901–902.
22. Kantarjian H. O'Brien S. Cortes J. Giles F. Faderl S. Jabbour E. et al. (2006) Results of intensive chemotherapy in 998 patients age 65 years or older with acute myeloid leukemia or high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome - Predictive prognostic models for outcome. Cancer 106: 1090–1098.
23. Krug U. Rollig C. Koschmieder A. Heinecke A. Sauerland M.C. Schaich M. et al. (2010) Complete remission and early death after intensive chemotherapy in patients aged 60 years or older with acute myeloid leukaemia: a web-based application for prediction of outcomes. Lancet 376: 2000–2008.
24. Lancet J.E. Cortes J.E. Hogge D.E. Tallman M. Kovacsovics T. Damon L.E. et al. (2010) Phase 2b randomized study of CPX-351 vs. cytarabine (CYT) plus daunorubicin (DNR) (7+3 regimen) in newly diagnosed AML patients aged 60–75. Blood 116: 286–287.
25. Lowenberg B. Ossenkoppele G.J. van Putten W. Schouten H.C. Graux C. Ferrant A. et al. (2009) High-dose daunorubicin in older patients with acute myeloid leukemia. N Engl J Med 361: 1235–1248.
26. Medeiros B.C. Othus M. Fang M. Roulston D. Appelbaum F.R. (2010) Prognostic impact of monosomal karyotype in young adult and elderly acute myeloid leukemia: the Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG) experience. Blood 116: 2224–2228.
27. Mielcarek M. Storer B.E. Sandmaier B.M. Sorror M.L. Maloney D.G. Petersdorf E. et al. (2007) Comparable outcomes after nonmyeloablative hematopoietic cell transplantation with unrelated and related donors. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 13: 1499–1507.
28. Mohty M. de Lavallade H. Ladaique P. Faucher C. Vey N. Coso D. et al. (2005) The role of reduced intensity conditioning allogeneic stem cell transplantation in patients with acute myeloid leukemia: a donor vs no donor comparison. Leukemia 19: 916–920.
29. Pagel J.M. Gooley T. Estey E. Wood B. Appelbaum F.R. (2008) Impact of pre-transplant minimal residual disease assessed by flow cytometry on outcome following myeloablative hematopoietic cell transplantation for patients with AML-CR1. Blood 112: 1117–1118.
30. Pagel J.M. Gooley T.A. Rajendran J. Fisher D.R. Wilson W.A. Sandmaier B.M. et al. (2009) Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation after conditioning with 131I-anti-CD45 antibody plus fludarabine and low-dose total body irradiation for elderly patients with advanced acute myeloid leukemia or high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome. Blood 114: 5444–5453.
31. Schlenk R.F. Dohner K. Kneba M. Gotze K. Hartmann F. Del Valle F. et al. (2009) Gene mutations and response to treatment with all-trans retinoic acid in elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Results from the AMLSG Trial AML HD98B. Haematologica 94: 54–60.
32. Sekeres M.A. Elson P. Kalaycio M.E. Advani A.S. Copelan E.A. Faderl S. et al. (2009) Time from diagnosis to treatment initiation predicts survival in younger, but not older, acute myeloid leukemia patients. Blood 113: 28–36.
33. Sekeres M.A. Gundacker H. Lancet J. Advani A. Petersdorf S. Liesveld J.L. et al. (2010) A phase II study of lenalidomide for previously untreated deletion (del) 5q acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients age 60 or older who are not candidates for remission induction chemotherapy (Southwest Oncology Group Study S0605). Blood 116: 150–151.
34. Sorror M.L. Sandmaier B.M. Storer B.E. Maris M.B. Baron F. Maloney D.G. et al. (2007) Comorbidity and disease status based risk stratification of outcomes among patients with acute myeloid leukemia or myelodysplasia receiving allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. J Clin Oncol 25: 4246–4254.
35. Thall P. Estey E. (2001) Graphical methods for evaluating covariate effects in the Cox model. In Ed. Crowley J. (ed.), Handbook of Statistics in Clinical Oncology. New York: Marcel-Dekker:.
36. Walter R.B. Kantarjian H.M. Huang X.L. Pierce S.A. Sun Z.X. Gundacker H.M. et al. (2010 a) Effect of complete remission and responses less than complete remission on survival in acute myeloid leukemia: a combined Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group, Southwest Oncology Group, and M.D. Anderson Cancer Center Study. J Clin Oncol 28:1766–771
37. Walter R.B. Othus M. Borthakur G. Ravandi F. Cortes J.E. Pierce S.A. et al. (2010 b) Quantitative effect of age in predicting empirically-defined treatment-related mortality and resistance in newly diagnosed AML: case against age alone as primary determinant of treatment assignment. Blood 116: 904 (abstract #2191).
38. Wheatley K. Brookes C.L. Howman A.J. Goldstone A.H. Milligan D.W. Prentice A.G. et al. (2009) Prognostic factor analysis of the survival of elderly patients with AML in the MRC AML 11 and LRF AML 14 trials. Br J Haematol 145: 598–605.
39. Wheatley K. Gray R. (2004) Commentary: Mendelian randomization–an update on its use to evaluate allogeneic stem cell transplantation in leukaemia. Int J Epidemiol 33: 15–17.