Parental Divorce and Children's Adjustment

Perspectives on Psychological Science

Volumn 4, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 140-152

  Lansford, Jennifer E ^a  

^a DUKE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84993725059     PISSN: 17456916     EISSN: 17456924     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-6924.2009.01114.x     Document Type: Article

References (104)

1. Allison P.D. Furstenberg F.F. Jr. (1989). How marital dissolution affects children: Variations by age and sex. Developmental Psychology,25,540–549.
2. Amato P.R. (1986). Marital conflict, the parent–child relationship, and child self-esteem. Family Relations,35,403–410.
3. Amato P.R. (1993). Children's adjustment to divorce: Theories, hypotheses, and empirical support. Journal of Marriage and the Family,55,23–38.
4. Amato P.R. (1996). Explaining the intergenerational transmission of divorce. Journal of Marriage and the Family,58,628–640.
5. Amato P.R. (2001). Children of divorce in the 1990s: An update of the Amato and Keith (1991) meta-analysis. Journal of Family Psychology,15,355–370.
6. Amato P.R. (2003). Reconciling divergent perspectives: Judith Wallerstein, quantitative family research, and children of divorce. Family Relations,52,332–339.
7. Amato P.R. Afifi T.D. (2006). Feeling caught between parents: Adult children's relations with parents and subjective well-being. Journal of Marriage and Family,68,222–235.
8. Amato P.R. Booth A. (1996).A prospective study of divorce and parent–child relationships. Journal of Marriage and the Family,58,356–365.
9. Amato P.R. Cheadle J. (2005). The long reach of divorce: Divorce and child well-being across three generations. Journal of Marriage and Family,67,191–206.
10. Amato P.R. DeBoer D.D. (2001). The transmission of marital instability across generations: Relationship skills or commitment to marriage? Journal of Marriage and the Family,63,1038–1051.
11. Amato P.R. Gilbreth J.G. (1999). Nonresident fathers and children's well-being: A meta-analysis. Journal of Marriage and the Family,61,557–573.
12. Amato P.R. Keith B. (1991 a). Parental divorce and adult well-being: A meta-analysis. Journal of Marriage and the Family,53,43–58.
13. Amato P.R. Keith B. (1991 b). Parental divorce and the well-being of children: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin,110,26–46.
14. Amato P.R. Loomis L.S. Booth A. (1995). Parental divorce, marital conflict, and offspring well-being during early adulthood. Social Forces,73,895–915.
15. American Law Institute. (2002). Principles of the law of family dissolution: Analysis and recommendations. Newark, NJ: Matthew Bender.
16. Bauserman R. (2002). Child adjustment in joint-custody versus sole-custody arrangements: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Family Psychology,16,91–102.
17. Bender W.N. (1994). Joint custody: The option of choice. Journal of Divorce and Remarriage,21,115–131.
18. Booth A. Amato P.R. (1994). Parental marital quality, parental divorce, and relations with parents. Journal of Marriage and the Family,56,21–34.
19. Booth A. Amato P.R. (2001). Parental predivorce relations and offspring postdivorce well-being. Journal of Marriage and the Family,63,197–212.
20. Buchanan C.M. Maccoby E.E. Dornbusch S.M. (1996). Adolescents after divorce. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
21. Buehler C. Krishnakumar A. Stone G. Anthony C. Pemberton S. Gerard J. Barber B.K. (1998). Interparental conflict styles and youth problem behaviors: A two-sample replication study. Journal of Marriage and the Family,60,119–132.
22. Chase-Lansdale P.L. Cherlin A.J. Kiernan K.K. (1995). The long-term effects of parental divorce on the mental health of young adults: A developmental perspective. Child Development,66,1614–1634.
23. Chase-Lansdale P.L. Hetherington E.M. (1990). The impact of divorce on life-span development: Short and long term effects. In Ed. Baltes P.B. Featherman D.L. Lerner R.M. (Eds.),Life-span development and behavior (pp. 105–150). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
24. Cherlin A.J. (1998). Marriage and marital dissolution among Black Americans. Journal of Comparative Family Studies,29,147–158.
25. Cherlin A.J. (1999). Going to extremes: Family structure, children's well-being, and social science. Demography,36,421–428.
26. Cherlin A.J. Chase-Lansdale P.L. McRae C. (1998). Effects of parental divorce on mental health throughout the life course. American Sociological Review,63,239–249.
27. Cherlin A.J. Furstenberg F.F. Chase-Lansdale P.L. Kiernan K.E. Robins P.K. Morrison D.R. Teitler J.O. (1991). Longitudinal studies of effects of divorce on children in Great Britain and the United States. Science,252,1386–1389.
28. Coontz S. (1992). The way we never were: American families and the nostalgia trap. New York: Basic Books.
29. Davies P.T. Cummings E.M. (1994). Marital conflict and child adjustment: An emotional security hypothesis. Psychological Bulletin,116,387–411.
30. Doherty W.J. Needle R.H. (1991). Psychological adjustment and substance use among adolescents before and after parental divorce. Child Development,62,328–337.
31. D'Onofrio B.M. Turkheimer E. Emery R.E. Maes H.H. Silberg J. Eaves L.J. (2007).A children of twins study of parental divorce and offspring psychopathology. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry,48,667–675.
32. D'Onofrio B.M. Turkheimer E. Emery R.E. Slutske W.S. Heath A.C. Madden P.A. Martin N.G. (2005).A genetically informed study of marital instability and its association with offspring psychopathology. Journal of Abnormal Psychology,114,570–586.
33. D'Onofrio B.M. Turkheimer E. Emery R.E. Slutske W.S. Heath A.C. Madden P.A. Martin N.G. (2006).A genetically informed study of the processes underlying the association between parental marital instability and offspring adjustment. Developmental Psychology,42,486–499.
34. Downey D. Powell B. (1995). Do children in single-parent households fare better living with same-sex parents? Journal of Marriage and the Family,55,55–71.
35. Dunn J. (2002). The adjustment of children in stepfamilies: Lessons from community studies. Child and Adolescent Mental Health,7,154–161.
36. Dunn J. Deater-Deckard K. Pickering K. O'Connor T.G. (1998). Children's adjustment and prosocial behaviour in step-, single-parent, and non-stepfamily settings: Findings from a community study. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry,39,1083–1095.
37. Emery R.E. Laumann-Billings L. Waldron M.C. Sbarra D.A. Dillon P. (2001). Child custody mediation and litigation: Custody, contact, and coparenting 12 years after initial dispute resolution. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology,69,323–332.
38. Emery R.E. Otto R.K. O'Donohue W.T. (2005).A critical assessment of child custody evaluations: Limited science and a flawed system. Psychological Science in the Public Interest,6,1–29.
39. Emery R.E. Sbarra D. Grover T. (2005). Divorce mediation: Research and reflections. Family Court Review,43,22–37.
40. Emery R.E. Waldron M. Kitzmann K.M. Aaron J. (1999). Delinquent behavior, future divorce or nonmarital childbearing, and externalizing behavior among offspring: A 14-year prospective study. Journal of Family Psychology,13,568–579.
41. Forehand R. Thomas A.M. Wierson M. Brody G. (1990). Role of maternal functioning and parenting skills in adolescent functioning following parental divorce. Journal of Abnormal Psychology,99,278–283.
42. Garfinkel I. Melli M.S. Robertson J.G. (1994). Child support orders: A perspective on reform. Future of Children,4,84–100.
43. Glenn N. (2001). Is the current concern about American marriage warranted? Virginia Journal of Social Policy and the Law, 5–47.
44. Grall T.S. (2007). Custodial mothers and fathers and their child support: 2005. Washington, DC: U.S. Bureau of the Census.
45. Grounds for Divorce. (n.d.). Retrieved March 1, 2008, from http://www.divorcelawinfo.com/Pages/grounds.html
46. Grych J.H. Fincham F.D. (1990). Marital conflict and children's adjustment: A cognitive-contextual framework. Psychological Bulletin,108,267–290.
47. Guidubaldi J. Cleminshaw H.K. Perry J.D. McLoughlin C.S. (1983). The impact of parental divorce on children: Report of the nationwide NASP study. School Psychology Review,12,300–323.
48. Hamilton W.L. Burstein N.R. Long D. (1998). Using incentives in welfare reform: The New York State Child Assistance Program. Cambridge, MA: Abt Associates.
49. Harris J.R. (1998). The nurture assumption: Why children turn out the way they do. New York: Free Press.
50. Hetherington E.M. (1989). Coping with family transitions: Winners, losers, and survivors. Child Development,60,1–14.
51. Hetherington E.M. Bridges M. Insabella G.M. (1998). What matters? What does not? Five perspectives on the association between marital transitions and children's adjustment. American Psychologist,53,167–184.
52. Hetherington E.M. Clingempeel W.G. (1992). Coping with marital transitions: A family systems perspective. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development,57(2–3, Serial No. 227).
53. Hetherington E.M. Cox M. Cox R. (1979). Stress and coping in divorce: A focus on women. In Ed. Gullahorn J.E. (Ed.),Psychology and women: In transition (pp. 95–128). Washington, DC: V.H. Winston & Sons.
54. Hetherington E.M. Cox M. Cox R. (1985). Long-term effects of divorce and remarriage on the adjustment of children. Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry,24,518–530.
55. Hetherington E.M. Elmore A.M. (2004). The intergenerational transmission of couple instability. In Ed. Chase-Lansdale P.L. Kiernan K. Friedman R.J. (Eds.),Human development across lives and generations: The potential for change (pp. 171–203). New York: Cambridge University Press.
56. Hetherington E.M. Henderson S.H. Reiss D. Anderson E.R. Bridges M. Chan R.W., et al. (1999). Adolescent siblings in stepfamilies: Family functioning and adolescent adjustment. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development,64(4).
57. Hetherington E.M. Kelly J. (2002). For better or worse. New York: Norton.
58. Hetherington E.M. Stanley-Hagan M. (1999). The adjustment of children with divorced parents: A risk and resiliency perspective. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry,40,129–140.
59. Hetherington E.M. Stanley-Hagan M. Anderson E.R. (1989). Marital transitions: A child's perspective. American Psychologist,44,303–312.
60. Jeynes W. (2002). Divorce, family structure, and the academic success of children. New York: Haworth Press.
61. Jocklin V. McGue M. Lykken D.T. (1996). Personality and divorce: A genetic analysis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,71,288–299.
62. Johnston J.R. (1995). Research update: Children's adjustment in sole custody compared to joint custody families and principles for custody decision making. Family and Conciliation Courts Review,33,415–425.
63. Kasen S. Cohen P. Brook J.S. Hartmark C. (1996).A multiple-risk interaction model: Effects of temperament and divorce on psychiatric disorders in children. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology,24,121–150.
64. Katz S.N. (1994). Historical perspective and current trends in the legal process of divorce. Future of Children,4,44–62.
65. Kelly J.B. (1994). The determination of child custody. Future of Children,4,121–142.
66. Lansford J.E. Ceballo R. Abbey A. Stewart A.J. (2001). Does family structure matter? A comparison of adoptive, two parent biological, single mother, stepfather, and stepmother households. Journal of Marriage and the Family,63,840–851.
67. Lansford J.E. Malone P.S. Castellino D.R. Dodge K.A. Pettit G.S. Bates J.E. (2006). Trajectories of internalizing, externalizing, and grades for children who have and have not experienced their parents' divorce. Journal of Family Psychology,20,292–301.
68. Laosa L.M. (1988). Ethnicity and single parenting in the United States. In Ed. Hetherington E.M. Arasteh J.D. (Eds.),Impact of divorce, single parenting, and stepparenting on children (pp. 23–49). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
69. Laumann-Billings L. Emery R.E. (2000). Distress among young adults from divorced families. Journal of Family Psychology,14,671–687.
70. Lye D.N. (1996). Adult child–parent relationships. Annual Review of Sociology,22,79–102.
71. Lykken D.T. (2002). How relationships begin and end: A genetic perspective. In Ed. Vangelisti A.L. Reis H.T. Fitzpatrick M.A. (Eds.),Stability and change in relationships (pp. 83–102). New York: Cambridge University Press.
72. Maes H.H.M. Neale M.C. Kendler K.S. Hewitt J.K. Silberg J.L. Foley D.L., et al. (1998). Assortative mating for major psychiatric diagnoses in two population-based samples. Psychological Medicine,28,1389–1401.
73. Malone P.S. Lansford J.E. Castellino D.R. Berlin L.J. Dodge K.A. Bates J.E. Pettit G.S. (2004). Divorce and child behavior problems: Applying latent change score models to life event data. Structural Equation Modeling,11,401–423.
74. Martinez C.R. Jr. Forgatch M.S. (2002). Adjusting to change: Linking family structure transitions with parenting and boys' adjustment. Journal of Family Psychology,16,107–117.
75. McGue M. Lykken D.T. (1992). Genetic influence on risk of divorce. Psychological Science,3,368–373.
76. McLanahan S.S. (1999). Father absence and the welfare of children. In Ed. Hetherington E.M. (Ed.),Coping with divorce, single parenting, and remarriage: A risk and resiliency perspective (pp. 117–145). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
77. McLanahan S. Sandefur G. (1994). Growing up with a single parent. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
78. Mechanic D. Hansell S. (1989). Divorce, family conflict, and adolescents' well-being. Journal of Health and Social Behavior,30,105–116.
79. Merikangas K.R. (1984). Divorce and assortative mating among depressed patients. American Journal of Psychiatry,141,74–76.
80. Morrison D.R. Cherlin A.J. (1995). The divorce process and young children's well-being: A prospective analysis. Journal of Marriage and the Family,57,800–812.
81. Nakonezny P.A. Shull R.D. Rodgers J.L. (1995). The effect of no-fault divorce law on the divorce rate across the 50 states and its relation to income, education, and religiosity. Journal of Marriage and the Family,57,477–488.
82. National Center for Health Statistics. (2008). Marriage and divorce. Retrieved March 3, 2008, from http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/divorce.htm
83. Neiderhiser J.M. Reiss D. Hetherington E.M. (2007). The nonshared environment in adolescent development (NEAD) project: A longitudinal family study of twins and siblings from adolescence to young adulthood. Twin Research and Human Genetics,10,74–83.
84. O'Connor T.G. Caspi A. DeFries J.C. Plomin R. (2000). Are associations between parental divorce and children's adjustment genetically mediated? An adoption study. Developmental Psychology,36,429–437.
85. Orbuch T.L. Thornton A. Cancio J. (2000). The impact of marital quality, divorce, and remarriage on the relationships between parents and their children. Marriage and Family Review,29,221–246.
86. Popenoe D. (1993). American family decline, 1960–1990: A review and appraisal. Journal of Marriage and the Family,55,527–542.
87. Popenoe D. (2003). Can the nuclear family be revived? In Ed. Coleman M. Ganong L. (Eds.),Points and counterpoints: Controversial relationship and family issues in the 21st century (pp. 218–221). Los Angeles: Roxbury Publishing.
88. Reifman A. Villa L.C. Amans J.A. Rethinam V. Telesca T.Y. (2001). Children of divorce in the 1990s: A meta-analysis. Journal of Divorce and Remarriage,36,27–36.
89. Roberts P.G. (1994). Child support orders: Problems with enforcement. Future of Children,4,101–120.
90. Ruschena E. Prior M. Sanson A. Smart D. (2005).A longitudinal study of adolescent adjustment following family transitions. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry,46,353–363.
91. Shaw D.S. Emery R.E. Tuer M.D. (1993). Parental functioning and children's adjustment in families of divorce: A prospective study. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology,21,119–134.
92. Short J.L. (2002). The effects of parental divorce during childhood on college students. Journal of Divorce and Remarriage,38,143–156.
93. Simons R.L. Whitbeck L.B. Beaman J. Conger R.D. (1994). The impact of mothers' parenting, involvement by nonresidential fathers, and parental conflict on the adjustment of adolescent children. Journal of Marriage and the Family,56,356–374.
94. Sun Y. Li Y. (2001). Marital disruption, parental investment, and children's academic achievement: A prospective analysis. Journal of Family Issues,22,27–62.
95. Sun Y. Li Y. (2002). Children's well-being during parents' marital disruption process: A pooled time-series analysis. Journal of Marriage and Family,64,472–488.
96. Thomas A. Sawhill I. (2005). For love and money? The impact of family structure on family income. Future of Children,15,57–74.
97. Tschann J.M. Johnson J.R. Wallerstein J.S. (1989). Family processes and children's functioning during divorce. Journal of Marriage and the Family,51,431–444.
98. Twaite J.A. Luchow A.K. (1996). Custodial arrangements and parental conflict following divorce: The impact on children's adjustment. Journal of Psychiatry and Law,24,53–75.
99. U.S. Census Bureau. (2004). Detailed tables: Number, timing and duration of marriages and divorces, 2004. Washington, DC: Author. Retrieved March 3, 2008, from http://www.census.gov/population/www/socdemo/marr-div/2004detailed_tables.html
100. Vandewater E.A. Lansford J.E. (1998). Influences of family structure and parental conflict on children's well-being. Family Relations,47,323–330.
101. Videon T.M. (2002). The effects of parent-adolescent relationships and parental separation on adolescent well-being. Journal of Marriage and the Family,64,489–503.
102. Wallerstein J.S. Lewis J.M. Blakeslee S. (2000). The unexpected legacy of divorce: A 25 year landmark study. New York: Hyperion.
103. Warshak R.A. (2007). The approximation rule, child development research, and children's best interests after divorce. Child Development Perspectives,1,119–125.
104. Wolfers J. (2003) Did unilateral divorce laws raise divorce rates? A reconciliation and new results. National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper No. 10014. Retrieved March 1, 2008, from http://www.nber.org/papers/w10014