"If A problem cannot be solved, enlarge it": An ideological critique of the "Other" in pearl harbor and september 11 new york times coverage

Journalism Studies

Volumn 4, Issue 1, 2003, Pages 3-14

  Brennen, Bonnie ^a   Duffy, Margaret ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI   (United States)

Author keywords

Cultural Materialism; Ideology Of Journalism; New York Times; Pearl Harbor; Racial Profiling; September 11

Indexed keywords

EID: 84993688755     PISSN: 1461670X     EISSN: 14699699     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/14616700306504     Document Type: Article

References (58)

1. "Aliens Will Be Moved as Needed, Gen. DeWitt Replies to Opposition" (1942) New York Times, 2 March.
2. Altschull, J. Herbert (1984) Agents cf Power. The role of the news media in human affairs. New York:Longman. American Civil Liberties Union website, http:/ www.adu.org/congress/1102301e.html
3. Bishop, Ronald (2000) "To Protect and Serve:the "guard dog" function of journalism in coverage of the Japanese-American internment", Journalism and Mass Communication Monographs 2(2), pp. 65-100.
4. Bohlen, Celestine (2001) "In New War on Terrorism, Words Are Weapons, Too", New York Times, 29 September, p. A11.
5. Bravin, Jess (2002) "Terror's Ongoing Toil:surveillance and ID cards", Wall Street Journal, 8 March, p. B4.
6. Bruck, John (1942) "California Gets Tough. The mood of the state as war draws closer", New York Times Magazine, 15 March, pp. A3, A39.
7. "Bush's Remarks to Cabinet and Advisers" (2001) New York Times, 13 September, p. A16.
8. Carey, James W. (2002) "American Journalism on, Before, and After September 11", in:Barbie Zelizer and Stuart Allan (Eds), Journalism after September 11, London:Routledge, pp. 71-90.
9. Cormack, Mike (1995) Ideology, Ann Arbor:University of Michigan Press.
10. Daniels, Roger (1993) Prisoners without Trial:Japanese-Americans in World War II, New York:Hill & Wang.
11. Davies, Lawrence (1942a) "Japanese Moving Day Looms. West Coast opinion hardens in favor of removal of aliens and citizens alike", New York Times, 1 March, p. E8.
12. Davies, Lawrence (1942b) '"Loyalty Boards' Weighed on Coast. Tolan and McCloy consider Army-ruled appeal bodies for Germans and Italians. Composed of civilians. Would decide on evidence of neighbors-Japanese are reassured on wage rates", New York Times, 10 March, p. A11. "
13. Embrace Freedom" (2001) K-Mart Advertisement, New York Times, 16 September, p. A24. "
14. Entire City Put on War Footing" (1941) New York Times, 8 December, pp. Al, A3.
15. "First Lady Calls to National Faith" (1941) New York Times, 8 December, p. A3.
16. Fountain, John W. (2001) "African-American Muslims. Sadness and fear as a group feels doubly at risk", New York Times, 5 October, p. B9.
17. Glaberson, William (200Ia) "Racial Profiling May Get Wider Approval by Courts", New York, Times, 21 September, p. A16.
18. Glaberson, William (200Ib) "Arab-Americans See Hazards in Courtrooms", New York Times, 3 October, p. B8.
19. Goodstein, Laurie (2001) "In U.S., Echoes of Rift of Muslims and Jews", New York Times, 12 September, p. A12
20. Goodstein, Laurie and Niebuhr, Gustav (2001) "Attacks and Harassment of Middle-Eastern Americans Rising", New York Times, 14 September, p. A14.
21. Gordon, Michael R. (2001) "When an Open Society is Wielded as a Weapon against Itself, New York Times, 12 September, p. A5.
22. Greenberg, Cheryl (1995) "Black and Jewish Responses to Japanese Internment", Journal of American Ethnic History 14, pp. 23-37.
23. Haberman, Clyde (2001) "Diallo, Terrorism and the Choice of Safety vs. Liberty", New York Times, 13 September, p. A10.
24. Hamilton, Thomas (1941) "Japanese Seizure Ordered by Biddle", New York Times, 8 December, p. A6.
25. Harden, BIaine (2001) "Arab-Americans Are Finding New Tolerance amid the Turmoil", New York Times, 22 September, pp. B1, B8.
26. Hartocollis, Anemona and LeDuff, Charlie (2001) "Parents Fear Their Children Will Be the Targets of Bigotry", New York Times, 15 September, p. A20.
27. hooks, bell (2000) All About Love. New visions. New York:Perennial
28. hooks, bell (2001) "Eating the Other:desire and resistance", in:Meenakshi Gigi Durham and Douglas M. Kellner (Eds), Media and Cultural Studies:key works. Malden, MA:Blackwell, pp. 424-38.
29. "In Unity, We Stand. Lord and Taylor Advertisement (2001) New York Times, 16 September, p. A31.
30. Jameson, Frederic (1981) The Political Unconscious:narrative as a socially symbolic act. New York:Cornell University Press.
31. Johnston, David (2001) "Detentions May Be Aimed at Deterring Other Attacks", New York Times, 14 October, p. B3.
32. Lewin, Tamar and Niebuhr, Gustav (2001) "Attacks and Harassment Continue on Middle Eastern People and Mosques", New York Times, 18 September, p. B5.
33. Lewis, Neu A. and Marquis, Christopher (2001) "Longer Visa Waits for Arabs; stir over U.S. eavesdropping", New York Times, 10 November, pp. A1, B6.
34. Lewis, Neil A. and Toner, Robin (2001) "Democrats in Senate Are Pressured on Terror Bill", New York Times, 3 October, p. B8.
35. Mackey, Mike (1999) "Live in America's Concentration Camps", Journal of (he West, 38, pp. 2, 9-13.
36. Mackey, James A. and Huntzicker, William E (1991) "Racism and Relocation:telling the Japanese-American experience", Social Education, November/December, pp. 415-18.
37. Navasky, Victor (2002) Foreword, in:Barbie Zelizer and Stuart Allan (Eds), Journalism after September 11, London:Routledge, pp. xiii-xviii.
38. "New Orders Curb Aliens in 3 States" (1942) New York Times, 5 February, p. A7.
39. Nieves, Evelyn (2001) "Slain Arab-American May Have Been Hate-Crime Victim", New York Times, 6 October, p. A7.
40. Purdy, Matthew (2001) "For Arab-Americans, Flag-Flying and Fear", New York Times, 14 September, p. A14.
41. Raskin, Jamin B. (1991) "A Precedent for Arab-Americans?", The Nation 252(4), pp. 117-19.
42. Rehnquist, William (1998) "When the Laws Were Silent", American Heritage 49(6), pp. 1-8.
43. Sachs, Susan (2001a) "Changes Called Likely in Policy on Immigration. Analysts predict sharp decrease in visas", New York Times, 24 September, p. A16.
44. Sachs, Susan (2001b) "For Suspects, Sensitivities over Profiling", New York Times, 26 September, p. A19.
45. Schudson, Michael (1978) Discovering the News. A social history of American newspapers, New York:Basic Books.
46. Sengupta, Somini (2001) "Arabs and Muslims Steer through an Unsettling Scrutiny", New York Times, 13 September, p. A24.
47. Shenon, Philip and Toner, Robin (2001) "U.S. Widens Policy on Detaining Suspects; troubled airlines get federal aid pledge. Immigrant arrests. 75 in custody following terror attack. Can be held indefinitely", New York Times, 19 September, p. A1.
48. Starr, Paul (2002) "Liberty since 9-11", American Prospect, 28 January, pp. 2-4.
49. "Strength From Diversity." Exxon Mobil Advertisement (2001) New York Times, 27 September, p. A25.
50. Toner, Robin (2001) "Civil Liberty vs. Security:finding a wartime balance", New York Times, 18 November, pp. A1, B6.
51. Verhovek, Sam Howe (2001) "Americans Give in to Race Profiling. Once appalled by the practice, many say they now do it", New York Times, 23 September, pp. A1, B12, B13.
52. "Votes Fund to FBI To Track Japanese" (1942) New York Times, 19 February, p. A11.
53. Williams, Raymond (1981) Politics and Letters:interviews with New Left Review, London:Verso.
54. Williams, Raymond (1988) Marxism and Literature, Oxford:Oxford University Press
55. Williams, Raymond (1990) What I Came to Say, ed. Neil Belton, Francis Mulhen and Jenny Taylor, London:Hutehinson Radius.
56. Wilson, Scott (1995) Cultural Materialism. Theory and practice, Oxford:BlackwelL
57. Winfield, Betty Houchin, Friedman, Barbara and Trisnadi, Vivara (2002) "History as a Metaphor through Which the Current World Is Viewed:British and American newspapers' uses of history, following the 11 September 2001 terrorist attacks", Journalism Studies 3(2), pp. 289-300.
58. Wood, Lewis (1942) "Army Gets Power to Move Citizens or Aliens Inland", New York Times, 21 February, pp. A1, A6.