Tourism and the Globalisation of Fear: Analysing the Politics of Risk and (in)Security in Global Travel

Tourism and Hospitality Research

Volumn 7, Issue 1, 2006, Pages 64-74

  Bianchi, Raoul ^a  

^a LONDON METROPOLITAN UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

freedom; geopolitics; international tourism; security; terrorism

Indexed keywords

EID: 84992994919     PISSN: 14673584     EISSN: 17429692     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1057/palgrave.thr.6050028     Document Type: Article

References (59)

1. Aziz H. (1995) ‘Understanding Attacks on Tourists in Egypt’, Tourism Management, 16, 2, 91–95.
2. Aziz H. (2001) ‘The Journey: An overview of tourism and travel in the Arab/Islamic context’, in Harrison D. (ed), ‘Tourism and the Less Developed Countries: Issues and case studies’, CABI Publishing, Wallingford, pp. 151–160.
3. Bach R. L. (2003) ‘Global Mobility, Inequality and Security’, Journal of Human Development, 4, 2, 227–245.
4. Bauman Z. (1998) ‘Globalization: The Human Consequences’, Polity, Cambridge.
5. ‘Belgium withdraws travel warning’, The Daily Nation, Friday, 20th June, 2003.
6. Berlin I. (1969) ‘Four Essays on Liberty’, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
7. Birkett D. (2000) ‘Trouble in the Paradise Industry?’ The Guardian, (Comment section), June 1.
8. Birmingham D. (1995) ‘The Decolonization of Africa’, UCL Press, London.
9. Brackenbury M. (2002) ‘Business Impact Assessment — Summary’, Presentation to the ‘European Tourism Forum’, Brussels, 10th December, 2002.
10. Brunt P. Mawby R. Hambly Z. (2000) ‘Tourist Victimization and the Fear of Crime on Holiday’, Tourism Management, 21, 417–424.
11. Callinicos A. (2000) ‘Equality’, Polity Press, Cambridge.
12. Castells M. (1996) ‘The Rise of the Network Society’, Blackwell, Oxford.
13. Cassen L. (1994) ‘Travel in the Ancient World’, John Hopkins University Press, Baltimore.
14. Cater C. (2006) ‘Playing with Risk? Participant Perceptions of Risk and Management Implications in Tourism’, Tourism Management, 27, 317–325.
15. Chamberlain K. (2005) ‘Stealing Palestinian History’, This Week in Palestine, Accessed online at: http://www.thisweekinpalestine.com/details.php?id=1451&ed=107. 2nd April, 2006.
16. Clancy M. (1998) ‘Commodity Chains, Services and Development: Theory and preliminary evidence from the tourism industry’, Review of International Political Economy, 5, 1, 122–148.
17. D'Amore L. (1988) ‘Tourism — A vital force for peace’, Annals of Tourism Research, 15, 2, 269–271.
18. Davis M. (2001) ‘The Flames of New York’, New Left Review, 12, November/December, 34–50.
19. Economist, The. (1997). War on the Coast, 23rd August, 1997, 344, 8031, 35–36.
20. eTurbo News. (2003) ‘US, Britain Set Stringent Conditions Before they will lift Kenya Travel Warnings,’ 20th June, 2003 (accessed at http://travelwirenews.com, 24th June 2003).
21. Fekete L. (2004) ‘Anti-Muslim Racism and the European Security State’, Race and Class, 46, 1, 3–29.
22. Fukuyama F. (1989) ‘The End of History’, The National Interest, 16, Summer, 3–18.
23. Goodrich J. N. (2002) ‘September 11, 2001 Attack on America: A record of the immediate impacts and reactions in the USA travel and tourism industry’, Tourism Management, 23, 573–580.
24. Hall C. M. O'Sullivan V. (1996) ‘Tourism, Political Stability and Violence’, in Pizam A. Mansfeld Y. (eds), ‘Tourism, Crime and International Security Issues’, John Wiley, Chichester, pp. 105–121.
25. Harbom L. Wallensteen P. (2005) ‘Armed Conflict and its International Dimensions’, Journal of Peace Research, 42, 5, 623–635.
26. Higgins-Desbiolles F. (2006) ‘More Than an ‘Industry’: The forgotten power of tourism as a social force’, Tourism Management (forthcoming).
27. Hitchcock M. (2005) ‘Tourists as Political Targets: Reflections on the Bali bombings’, Paper presented to the 46th Annual Convention of the International Studies Association, Honolulu, Hawaii, 1-5 March.
28. Hitchcock M. Putra Nyoman Darma I. (2005) ‘The Bali Bombings: Tourism crisis management and conflict avoidance’, Current Issues in Tourism, 8, 1, 62–76.
29. Inglis F. (2000) ‘The Delicious History of the Holiday’, Routledge, London.
30. Leed E. J. (1991) ‘The Mind of the Traveller. From Gilgamesh to Global Tourism’, Basic Books, New York.
31. Levine A. (1988) ‘Arguing for Socialism: Theoretical Considerations’, Verso, London.
32. Lisle D. (2006) ‘Defending Voyeurism: Dark tourism and the problem of global security’, in Burns P. Novelli M. (eds), ‘Tourism and Politics: Local frameworks and global realities?’ Pergamon/Elsevier, London pp 335–348.
33. Lyon D. (2003) ‘Surveillance After September 11th’, Polity, Cambridge.
34. Mack A., (ed.) (2005) ‘Human Security Report’, University of British Columbia, Vancouver.
35. Mansoor S. (2002) ‘I'm a Muslim But I Can Still Fly’, New Statesman, 18 November, pp. 32–33.
36. Mastny L. (2001) ‘Traveling Light: New paths for international tourism’, Worldwatch Paper 159. Worldwatch Institute, Washington DC.
37. Mowforth M. Munt I. (1998) ‘Tourism and Sustainability: New tourism in the third world’, Routledge, London.
38. Munt I. (1994) ‘The ‘Other’ Postmodern Tourism: Culture, travel and the new middle classes’, Theory, Culture and Society, 11, 101–123.
39. Nahdi F. (2002) ‘A cocktail of grievances in paradise’, The Guardian, 29 November.
40. O'Bryne D. J. (2001) ‘On Passports and Border Controls’, Annals of Tourism Research, 28, 2, 399–416.
41. Phipps P. (1999) ‘Tourists, Terrorists, Death and Value’, in Kaur R. Hutnyk J. (eds), ‘Travel Worlds: Journeys in contemporary cultural politics’, Zed Books, London, pp. 74–93.
42. Pinder J. (2001) ‘The European Union: A very short introduction’, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
43. Pizam A. Mansfeld Y., (eds.) (1996) ‘Tourism, Crime and International Security Issues’, John Wiley, Chichester.
44. Richter L. K. (1995) ‘Tourism Politics — What has changed?’ Contours, 7, 4, 20–27.
45. Richter L. K. (2001) ‘Tourism Challenges in Developing Nations: Continuity and change at the Millenium,’ in Harrison D. (ed.) Tourism and the Less Developed World: Issues and Case studies, CABI Publishing: Wallingford, pp 47–59.
46. Richter L. K. Waugh W. L. Jr (1986) ‘Terrorism and Tourism as Logical Companions’, Tourism Management, 7, 230–238.
47. Russell J. (2003) ‘Who the hell are you?’ New Statesman, 6 October, pp. 20–21.
48. Schuurman F. (2000) ‘Paradigms Lost, Paradigms Regained? Development Studies in the 21st Century’, Third World Quarterly, 21, 1, 7–20.
49. Schwartz R. D. (1991) ‘Travellers Under Fire: Tourists in the Tibetan uprising’, Annals of Tourism Research, 18, 588–604.
50. Smith V. L. (1998) ‘War and Tourism: An American ethnography’, Annals of Tourism Research., 25, 1, 202–227.
51. Sonmez S. (1998) ‘Tourism, Terrorism and Political Instability’, Annals Tourism Research, 25, 416–456.
52. Stephenson M. L. (2004) ‘Tourism and Racialised Territories in Europe’, Paper presented at the Conference: Borderless Frontiers and the Implications for Tourism in the New and Enlarged European Union, Nicosia, Cyprus, 10-11 December.
53. Toolis K. (2004) ‘Rise of the terrorist professors’, New Statesman, 14 June, pp. 26–27.
54. Tourism Concern. (2003) ‘FCO Travel Advisories: The case for transparency and balance’, Tourism Concern, London.
55. ‘Tourism loses Sh1 billion’, The Daily Nation, Wednesday, 21st May, 2003.
56. Urry J. (2000) ‘Sociology Beyond Societies: Mobilities for the 21st century’, Routledge, London.
57. United States State Department. (2004) ‘Patterns of Global Terrorism, 2003’, US State Department, Washington DC.
58. Urry J. (2002) ‘The Tourist Gaze: Leisure and travel in contemporary societies’, 2nd edn, Sage, London.
59. World Travel and Tourism Council. (2003) ‘Travel & Tourism Security Action Plan An Action Plan for Countering the Impact of Global Terrorism. Accessed at: www.wttc.org/News10.htm(21st May, 2003.).