Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and carotid intima-media thickening in patients with newly detected primary hypertension

European Journal of Preventive Cardiology

Volumn 6, Issue 6, 1999, Pages 363-369

  Marchesi, Eugenia ^a   Martignoni, Alessandra ^a   Tinelli, Carmine ^b   Ravetta, Valentina ^a   Resasco, Tullia ^a   Piredda, Massimo ^a   Defrancisci, Andrea ^a   Finardi, Giorgio ^a   Perani, Guido ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PAVIA   (Italy)

^b FONDAZIONE IRCCS POLICLINICO SAN MATTEO   (Italy)

Author keywords

atherosclerosis; hypertension; intima media thickness; plasminogen activator inhibitor 1; ultrasonography

Indexed keywords

LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR INHIBITOR 1;

ADULT; ARTERY INTIMA PROLIFERATION; ARTICLE; BLOOD PRESSURE MONITORING; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CHOLESTEROL BLOOD LEVEL; COMMON CAROTID ARTERY; CONTROLLED STUDY; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; ECHOGRAPHY; ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION; FEMALE; GLUCOSE BLOOD LEVEL; HUMAN; IMAGE ANALYSIS; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN BLOOD LEVEL; PROTEIN SECRETION; RISK ASSESSMENT;

ADULT; AGE FACTORS; CAROTID ARTERY, COMMON; CHI-SQUARE DISTRIBUTION; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; FEMALE; HUMANS; HYPERTENSION; LIPIDS; LOGISTIC MODELS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR INHIBITOR 1; PREVALENCE; RISK FACTORS; SEX FACTORS; TUNICA INTIMA;

EID: 84992776161     PISSN: 20474873     EISSN: 20474881     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/204748739900600602     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. Pearson J, Formgren J, Israelsson B, Berglund G. Ultrasound determined intima-media thickness and atherosclerosis. Direct and indirect validation. Arterioscler Thromb 1994; 14: 261–264.
2. Heiss G, Sharett AR, Barnes R, Chambless LE, Szklo M, Alzola C and the ARIC Investigators. Carotid atherosclerosis measured by B-mode ultrasound in populations: associations with cardiovascular risk factors in the ARIC study. Am J Epidemiol 1991; 134: 250–256.
3. Wendelhag I, Wiklund O, Wikstrand J. Arterial wall thickness in familial hypercholesterolemia: ultrasound measurement of intima-media thickness in the common carotid artery. Arterioscler Thromb 1992; 12: 70–77.
4. Wofford JL, Kahl FR, Howard GR, McKinney WM, Toole JF, Crouse JR III. Relation of extent of extracranial carotid artery atherosclerosis as measured by B-mode ultrasound to the extent of coronary atherosclerosis. Arterioscler Thromb 1991; 11: 1786–1794.
5. Bots ML, Hoffman A, De Bruyn AM, De Jong PTVM, Grobbee DE. Common carotid intima-media thickness and lower extremity arterial atherosclerosis. The Rotterdam Study. Arterioscler Thromb 1994; 14: 1885–1891.
6. Salonen JT, Salonen R. Ultrasound B-mode imaging in observational studies of atherosclerotic progression. Circulation 1993; 87 (suppl II): II56–II65.
7. Safar ME, Girerd X, Laurent S. Structural changes of large conduit arteries in hypertension. J Hypertens 1996; 14: 545–555.
8. Roman MJ, Saba PS, Pini R, Spitzer M, Pickering TG, Rosen S, et al Parallel cardiac and vascular adaptation in hypertension. Circulation 1992; 86: 1909–1918.
9. Ferrara LA, Mancini M, Celentano A, Galderisi M, lannuzzi R, Marotta T, et al Early changes of the arterial carotid wall in uncomplicated primary hypertensive patients. Study by ultrasound high-resolution B-mode imaging. Arterioscler Thromb 1994; 14: 1290–1296.
10. Suurküla M, Agewall S, Fagerberg B, Wendelhag I, Widgren B, Wikstrand J. Ultrasound evaluation of atherosclerotic manifestations in the carotid artery in high risk hypertensive patients. Arterioscler Thromb 1994; 14: 1297–1304.
11. Gariepy J, Massonneau M, Levenson J, Heudes D, Simon A and Groupe PCVMETRA Evidence for in vivo carotid and femoral wall thickening in human hypertension. Hypertension 1993; 22: 111–118.
12. Roman MJ, Pickering TG, Pini R, Schwartz JE, Devereux RB. Prevalence and determinants of cardiac and vascular hypertrophy in hypertension. Hypertension 1995; 26: 369–373.
13. Muiesan ML, Pasini GF, Salvetti M, Calebich S, Zulli R, Castellano M, et al Cardiac and vascular structural changes. Prevalence and relation to ambulatory blood pressure in a middle-aged general population in northern Italy: The Vobarno Study. Hypertension 1996; 27: 1046–1052.
14. Girerd X, Mourad JJ, Copie X, Moulin C, Acar C, Safar M, et al Noninvasive detection of an increased vascular mass in untreated hypertensive patients. Am J Hypertens 1994; 7: 1076–1084.
15. Ernst E, Resch KL. Fibrinogen as a cardiovascular risk factor: a meta-analysis and review of the literature. N Engl J Med 1993; 118: 956–963.
16. Koenig W. Haemostatic risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Eur Heart J 1998; 19 (suppl C): C39–C43.
17. Fuster V, Badimon L, Badimon JJ, Chesebri JH. The pathogenesis of coronary artery disease and the acute coronary syndromes. N Engl J Med 1992; 326: 242–250.
18. Hamsten A, Eriksson P. Fibrinolysis and atherosclerosis: an update. Fibrinolysis 1994; 8 (suppl 1): 253–262.
19. Gidez LI, Miller GJ, Burnstein M, Slagle S, Eder HA. Separation and quantitation of subclassess of human plasma high density lipoproteins by a simple precipitation procedure. J Lipid Res 1982; 23: 1206–1215.
20. Friedewald WT, Levy RI, Fredrickson DS. Estimation of the concentration of low density lipoprotein cholesterol without use of preparative ultracentrifuge. Clin Chem 1972; 18: 499–504.
21. Pignoli A, Tremoli E, Poli A, Oreste P, Paoletti P. Intimal plus medial thickness of the arterial wall: a direct measurement with ultrasound imaging. Circulation 1986; 74: 1399–1406.
22. Fleiss JL. The design and analysis of clinical experiments. New York; John Wiley & Sons; 1986. p. 3.
23. Martignoni A, Tinelli C, Centeleghe P, Catalano O, Frattoni A, Falaschi F, et al Repeatability study of ultrasonographic intima-media thickness (IMT) measurement. Int Angiol 1997; 16 (suppl 1): 139.
24. Belcaro A, Nicolaides AN, Laurora G, Cesarone MR, Desanctis M, Incandela L, et al Ultrasound morphology classification of the arterial wall and cardiovascular evenets in a 6-year follow-up study. Arterioscl Thromb Vasc Biol 1996; 16: 851–856.
25. Stata Corp. State standard software: Release 5.0. College Station, TX; Stata Corporation; 1987.
26. Statsoft Inc. STATISTICA for Windows. Tulsa, OK; Statsoft Inc.; 1997.
27. Zanchetti A, Bond MG, Hennig M, Neiss A, Mancia G, Dal Palù C, et al Risk factors associated with alterations in carotid intima-media thickness in hypertension: baseline data from the European Lacidipine Study on Atherosclerosis. J Hypertens 1998; 18: 949–961.
28. Salonen R, Salonen JT. Progression of carotid atherosclerosis and its determinants: an ultrasonographic study. Atherosclerosis 1990; 81: 33–40.
29. Bonithon-Kopp C, Touboul P-J, Berr C, Leroux C, Mainard F, Courbon D, et al. Relation of intima-media thickness to atherosclerotic plaques in carotid arteries. The Vascular Aging (EVA) Study. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1996; 16: 310–316.
30. Salonen R, Salonen JT. Determinants of carotid intima-media thickness: a population based ultrasonography study in eastern Finnish men. J Intern Med 1991; 229: 225–231.
31. Bonithon-Kopp C, Scarabin PY, Taquet A, Touboul P-J, Malmejac A, Guize L. Risk factors for early carotid atherosclerosis in middle-aged French women. Arterioscler Thromb 1991; 11: 966–972.
32. Arnett DK, Tyroler HA, Burke G, Hutchinson R, Howard G, Heiss G for the ARIC Investigators. Hypertension and subclinical carotid artery atherosclerosis in black and whites. The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. Arch Intern Med 1996, 156: 1983–1989.
33. Lemne C, Jogestrand T, De Faire U. Carotid intima-media thickness and plaque in borderline hypertension. Stroke 1995; 26: 34–39.
34. Saba PS, Cuccuru L, Petretto L, Ganau A. Carotid plaque is not preceded by intima-medial thickening in hypertension. J Hypertens 1997; 15 (suppl 4): S58.
35. Allan PL, Mowbray PI, Lee AJ, Fowkes FG. Relationship between intima-media thickness and symptomatic and asymptomatic peripheral arterial disease. The Edinburgh Artery Study. Stroke 1997; 28: 348–353.
36. Alessi MC, Juhan-Vague I, Declerck PJ, Anfosso F, Gueunoun E, Collen D. Correlation between t-PA and PAI-1 antigen and activity and tPA/PAI-1 complexes in plasma of control subjects and of patients with increased tPA or PAI-1 levels. Thromb Res 1990; 60: 509–516.
37. Hamsten A, Walldius G, Blomback M, De Faire U, Dahlen G. PAI in plasma: risk factor for recurrent myocardial infarction. Lancet 1987; ii: 3–9.
38. Thompson SG, Kienast J, Pyke SDM, Haverkate F, Van de Loo JCW for the European Concerted Action on Thrombosis and Diabilities Angina Pectoris Study Group. Hemostatic factors and the risk of myocardial infarction and sudden death in patients with angina pectoris. N Engl J Med 1995; 332: 635–641.
39. Salomaa V, Stinson V, Kark JO, Folsom AR, Davis CE, Wu KK. Association of fibrinolytic parameters with early atherosclerosis. The ARIC Study. Circulation 1995; 91: 284–290.
40. Folson AR, Pankow JS, Williams RR, Evans GW, Province MA, Eckfeldt JH. Fibrinogen, PAI-1 and carotid wall intima media thickness in the NHLBI Family Heart Study. Thromb Haemost 1998; 79: 400–404.
41. Agewall S, Wikstrand J, Suurkula M, Tengborn L, Fagerberg B. Carotid artery wall morphology, haemostatic factors and cardiovascular disease. An ultrasound study in men at high and low risk for atherosclerotic disease. Blood Coagul Fibrinol 1994; 5: 895–904.
42. Haffner SM, D'Agostino R, Mykkanen L, Savage PJ, Bergman RN, O'Leary D, et al Proinsulin and insulin concentrations in relation to carotid wall thickness. Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study. Stroke 1998; 29: 1498–1503.
43. Junker R, Heinrich J, Schilte H, Erren M, Assmann G. Hemostasis in normotensive and hypertensive men: results of the PROCAM Study. J Hypertens 1998; 16: 917–923.
44. Eliasson M, Jansson J-H, Nilsson P, Asplund K. Increased levels of tissue plasminogen activator antigen in essential hypertension. A population-based study in Sweden. J Hypertens 1997; 15: 349–356.
45. Cigolini M, Targher G, Seidell JC, Tonoli M, Schiavon R, Agostino G, et al Relationship of blood pressure to fibrinolysis: influence of anthropometry, metabolic profile and behavioural variables. J Hypertens 1995; 13: 659–666.
46. Toft I, Bønaa KH, Ingebretsen OC, Nordøy A, Birkeland KI, Jenssen T. Gender differences in the relationship between plasma plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 activity and factors linked to the insulin resistance syndrome in essential hypertension. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1997; 17: 553–559.
47. Etzman DT, Nabel EG, Gordon D, Fay WP, Rekter MD, Ginsburg D. Atherosclerosis in transgenic mice that either overexpress or lack the murine plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 gene. Circulation 1996; 94 (suppl 1): I460.
48. Xiao Q, Danton MJS, Witte DP. Plasminogen deficiency accelerates vessel wall disease in mice predisposed to atherosclerosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997; 94: 10335–10340.
49. Christ G, Hufnagl P, Kaun C, Mundigler G, Laufer G, Huber K, et al Antifibrinolytic properties of the vascular wall. Dependence on the history of smooth muscle doublings in vitro and in vivo. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1997; 17: 723–730.
50. Vaughan DE. Fibrinolytic balance, the renin-angiotensin system and atherosclerotic disease. Eur Heart J 1998; 19 (suppl G): G9–G12.