Concentration of nicotine and glycols in 27 electronic cigarette formulations

Journal of Analytical Toxicology

Volumn 40, Issue 6, 2016, Pages 403-407

  Peace, Michelle R ^a   Baird, Tyson R ^a   Smith, Nathaniel ^a   Wolf, Carl E ^a   Poklis, Justin L ^a   Poklis, Alphonse ^a  

^a VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

GLYCOL; NICOTINE; PROPYLENE GLYCOL; TOBACCO SMOKE;

ANALYTIC METHOD; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; ELECTRONIC CIGARETTE; HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY; MASS FRAGMENTOGRAPHY; MEASUREMENT ACCURACY; QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS; TANDEM MASS SPECTROMETRY; UNITED STATES; PASSIVE SMOKING; STATISTICS AND NUMERICAL DATA;

ELECTRONIC NICOTINE DELIVERY SYSTEMS; GLYCOLS; NICOTINE; TOBACCO SMOKE POLLUTION;

EID: 84991407505     PISSN: 01464760     EISSN: 19452403     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/jat/bkw037     Document Type: Article

References (16)

1. Adkison, S.E., O'Connor, R.J., Bansal-Travers, M., Hyland, A., Borland, R., Yong, H.H. et al. (2013) Electronic nicotine delivery systems: international tobacco control four-country survey. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 44, 207-215.
2. Choi, K., Fabian, L., Mottey, N., Corbett, A., Forster, J. (2012) Young adults' favorable perceptions of snus, dissolvable tobacco products, and electronic cigarettes: findings from a focus group study. American Journal of Public Health, 102, 2088-2093.
3. Flouris, A.D., Oikonomou, D.N. (2010) Electronic cigarettes: miracle or menace? British Medical Journal, 340, c311.
4. American Association of Poison Control Centers Electronic Cigarettes and Liquid Nicotine Data (2015). http://www.aapcc.org/alerts/e-cigarettes/(accessed November 20, 2015).
5. Lang, L. (2007) FDA issues statement on diethylene glycol and melamine food contamination. Gastroenterology, 133, 5-6.
6. U.S. Food and Drug Administration Import Alert 55-02: Increased Surveillance of Bulk Ingredients Susceptible To Contamination with Diethylene Glycol. (2013). http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/cms_ia/importalert_145. html (accessed April 10, 2015).
7. 25C-NBOMe and other dimethoxyphenyl-N-[(2-methoxyphenyl) methyl]ethanamine derivatives on blotter paper. Journal of Analytical Toxicology, 39, 617-623.
8. U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) Screening Procedure for the Presence of Diethylene Glycol and Ethylene Glycol in Toothpaste. (2007). http://www.fda.gov/Food/FoodScienceResearch/LaboratoryMethods/ucm113209.htm (accessed October 16, 2014).
9. Etter, J.F., Zather, E., Svensson, S. (2013) Analysis of refill liquids for electronic cigarettes. Addiction, 108, 1671-1679.
10. Goniewicz, M.L., Hajek, P., McRobbie, H. (2014) Nicotine content of electronic cigarettes, its release in vapour and its consistency across batches: regulatory implications. Addiction, 109, 500-507.
11. Goniewicz, M.L., Kuma, T., Gawron, M., Knysak, J., Kosmider, L. (2013) Nicotine levels in electronic cigarettes. Nicotine & Tobacco Research, 15, 158-166.
12. Trehy, M.L., Ye, W., Hadwiger, M.E., Moore, T.W., Allgire, J.F., Woodruff, J.T. et al. (2011) Analysis of electronic cigarette cartridges, refill solutions, and smoke for nicotine and nicotine related impurities. Journal of Liquid Chromatography & Related Technologies, 34, 1442-1458.
13. Lisko, J.G., Tran, H., Stanfill, S.B., Blount, B.C., Watson, C.H. (2015) Chemical composition and evaluation of nicotine, tobacco alkaloids, pH, and selected flavors in E-cigarette cartridges and refill solutions. Nicotine & Tobacco Research, 17, 1270-1278.
14. Kavvalakis, M.P., Stivaktakis, P.D., Tzatzarakis, M.N., Kouretas, D., Liesivuori, J., Alegakis, A.K. et al. (2015) Multicomponent analysis of replacement liquids of electronic cigarettes using chromatographic techniques. Journal of Analytical Toxicology, 39, 262-269.
15. Pagano, T., DiFrancesco, A.G., Smith, S.B., George, J., Wink, G., Rahman, I. et al. (2016) Determination of nicotine content and delivery in disposable electronic cigarettes available in the United States by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Nicotine & Tobacco Research, 18, 700-707.
16. Hutzler, C., Paschke, M., Kruchinskis, S., Henkler, F., Hahn, J., Luch, A. (2014) Chemical hazards presented in liquids and vapors of electronic cigarettes. Archives of Toxicology, 88, 1295-1308.