Age of Onset, Duration, and Type of Medication Therapy for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Substance Use During Adolescence: A Multi-Cohort National Study

Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry

Volumn 55, Issue 6, 2016, Pages 479-486

  McCabe, Sean Esteban ^a   Dickinson, Kara ^b   West, Brady T ^a   Wilens, Timothy E ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN   (United States)

^b Institute for Research on Women and Gender   (United States)

^c HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

Author keywords

adolescent substance use; attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; epidemiology; nonstimulant medication therapy; stimulant medication therapy

Indexed keywords

CENTRAL STIMULANT AGENT;

ADOLESCENT; AFRICAN AMERICAN; ARTICLE; ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER; CAUCASIAN; CHILD; FEMALE; HIGH SCHOOL; HISPANIC; HUMAN; MALE; ONSET AGE; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; QUESTIONNAIRE; SUBSTANCE USE; TREATMENT DURATION; COHORT ANALYSIS; DRUG DEPENDENCE; UNITED STATES;

ADOLESCENT; AGE OF ONSET; ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER WITH HYPERACTIVITY; CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM STIMULANTS; CHILD; COHORT STUDIES; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; SUBSTANCE-RELATED DISORDERS; UNITED STATES;

EID: 84991216671     PISSN: 08908567     EISSN: 15275418     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2016.03.011     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. 1 Castle, L., Aubert, R.E., Verbrugge, R.R., Khalid, M., Epstein, R.S., Trends in medication treatment for ADHD. J Atten Disord 10 (2007), 335–342.
2. 2 Garfield, C.F., Dorsey, E.R., Zhu, S., et al. Trends in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ambulatory diagnosis and medical treatment in the United States, 2000-2010. Acad Pediatr 12 (2012), 110–116.
3. 3 Visser, S.N., Danielson, M.L., Bitsko, R.H., et al. Trends in the parent-report of healthcare provider diagnosed and medicated attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: United States, 2003-2011. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 53 (2014), 34–46.
4. 4 Zuvekas, S.H., Vitiello, B., Stimulant medication use in in children: a 12-year perspective. Am J Psychiatry 169 (2012), 160–166.
5. 5 Visser, S.N., Bitsko, R.H., Danielson, M.L., et al. Treatment of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder among children with special health care needs. J Pediatr 166 (2015), 1423–1430.
6. 6 Biederman, J., Wilens, T., Mick, E., Milberger, S., Spencer, T.J., Faraone, S.V., Psychoactive substance use disorders in adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): effects of ADHD and psychiatric comorbidity. Am J Psychiatry 152 (1995), 1652–1658.
7. 7 Charach, A., Yeung, E., Climans, T., Lillie, E., Childhood attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and future substance use disorders: comparative meta-analyses. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 50 (2011), 9–21.
8. 8 Lee, S.S., Humphreys, K.L., Flory, K., Liu, R., Glass, K., Prospective association of childhood attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and substance use and abuse/dependence: a meta-analytic review. Clin Psychol Rev 31 (2011), 328–341.
9. 9 Molina, B.S., Flory, K., Hinshaw, S.P., et al. Delinquent behavior and emerging substance use in the MTA at 36 months: prevalence, course, and treatment effects. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 46 (2007), 1028–1040.
10. 10 Wilens, T.E., Biederman, J., Mick, E., Faraone, S.V., Spencer, T., Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with early onset substance use disorders. J Nerv Ment Dis 185 (1997), 475–482.
11. 11 Wilens, T.E., Martelon, M., Joshi, G., et al. Does ADHD predict substance use disorders? A 10-year follow-up study of young adults with ADHD. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 50 (2011), 543–553.
12. 12 Barkley, R.A., Fischer, M., Smallish, L., Fletcher, K., Does the treatment of ADHD with stimulants contribute to drug use/abuse? A 13-year prospective study. Pediatrics 111 (2003), 97–109.
13. 13 Biederman, J., Pharmacotherapy for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) decreases the risk for substance abuse: findings from a longitudinal follow-up of youths with and without ADHD. J Clin Psychiatry 64:Suppl 11 (2003), 3–8.
14. 14 Biederman, J., Wilens, T., Mick, E., Spencer, T., Faraone, S.V., Pharmacotherapy of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder reduces risk for substance use disorder. Pediatrics, 104, 1999, e20.
15. 15 Biederman, J., Monuteaux, M.C., Spencer, T., Wilens, T.E., MacPherson, H.A., Faraone, S.V., Stimulant therapy for risk for subsequent substance use disorders in male adults with ADHD: a naturalistic controlled 10-year follow-up study. Am J Psychiatry 165 (2008), 597–603.
16. 16 Hammerness, P., Joshi, G., Doyle, R., et al. Do stimulants reduce the risk for cigarette smoking in youth with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder? A prospective, long-term, open-label study of extended-release methylphenidate. J Pediatr 162 (2013), 22–27.
17. 17 Katusic, S.K., Barbaresi, W.J., Colligan, R.C., Weaver, A.L., Leibson, C.L., Jacobsen, S.J., Psychostimulant treatment and risk for substance abuse among young adults with a history of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a population-based, birth cohort study. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 15 (2005), 764–776.
18. 18 Wilens, T.E., Faraone, S.V., Biederman, J., Gunawardene, S., Does stimulant therapy of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder beget later substance abuse? A meta-analytic review of the literature. Pediatrics 111 (2003), 179–185.
19. 19 Volkow, N.D., Swanson, J.M., Does childhood treatment of ADHD with stimulant medication affect substance abuse in adulthood?. Am J Psychiatry 165 (2008), 553–555.
20. 20 Dalsgaard, S., Mortensen, P.B., Frydenberg, M., Thomsen, P.H., ADHD, stimulant treatment in childhood and subsequent substance abuse in adulthood—a naturalistic long-term follow-up study. Addict Behav 39 (2014), 325–328.
21. 21 Mannuzza, S., Klein, R.G., Truong, N.L., et al. Age of methylphenidate treatment initiation in children with ADHD and later substance abuse: prospective follow-up into adulthood. Am J Psychiatry 165 (2008), 604–609.
22. 22 Wilens, T.E., Adamson, J., Monuteaux, M.C., et al. Effect of prior stimulant treatment for attention/hyperactivity disorder on subsequent risk for cigarette smoking and alcohol and drug use disorders in adolescents. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 162 (2008), 916–921.
23. 23 Kaloyanides, K.B., McCabe, S.E., Cranford, J.A., Teter, C.J., Prevalence of illicit use and abuse of prescription stimulants, alcohol, and other drugs among college students: relationship with the age of initiation of prescribed stimulants. Pharmacotherapy 27 (2007), 666–674.
24. 24 McCabe, S.E., Teter, C.J., Boyd, C.J., Medical use, illicit use and diversion of prescription stimulant medication. J Psychoactive Drugs 38 (2006), 43–56.
25. 25 Johnston, L.D., O'Malley, P.M., Bachman, J.G., Schulenberg, J.E., Miech, R.A., Monitoring the Future National Survey Results on Drug Use, 1975-2013. Volume I: Secondary School Students. 2014, University of Michigan Institute for Social Research, Ann Arbor, MI.
26. 26 Rao, J.N.K., Scott, A.J., On chi-squared tests for multi-way tables with cell proportions estimated from survey data. Ann Stat 12 (1984), 46–60.
27. 27 Heeringa, S.G., West, B.T., Berglund, P.A., Applied Survey Data Analysis. 2010, Chapman and Hall, London.
28. 28 West, B.T., McCabe, S.E., Incorporating complex sample design effects when only final survey weights are available. Stata 12 (2012), 718–725.
29. 29 Archer, K.J., Lemeshow, S., Hosmer, D.W., Goodness-of-fit tests for logistic regression models when data are collected using a complex sampling design. Comput Stat Data Anal 51 (2007), 4450–4464.
30. 30 Johnston, L.D., O'Malley, P.M., Issues of validity and population coverage in student surveys of drug use. NIDA Res Monogr 57 (1985), 31–54.
31. 31 O'Malley, P.M., Bachman, J.G., Johnston, L.D., Reliability and consistency in self-reports of drug use. Int J Addict 18 (1983), 805–824.
32. 32 Harrison, L., Hughes, A., The validity of self-reported drug use: improving the accuracy of survey estimates. NIDA Res Monogr 167 (1997), 1–16.
33. 33 Brook, J.S., Whiteman, M., Finch, S.J., Cohen, P., Young adult drug use and delinquency: childhood antecedents and adolescent mediators. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 35 (1996), 1584–1592.
34. 34 Milberger, S., Biederman, J., Faraone, S.V., Chen, L., Jones, J., ADHD is associated with early initiation of cigarette smoking in children and adolescents. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 36 (1997), 37–44.
35. 35 Molina, B.S.G., Smith, B.H., Pelham, W.E., Interactive effects of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and conduct disorder on early adolescent substance use. Psychol Addict Behav 13 (1999), 348–358.
36. 36 Chang, Z., Lichtenstein, P., Halldner, L., et al. Stimulant ADHD medication and risk for substance abuse. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 55 (2014), 878–885.
37. 37 Molina, B.S., Hinshaw, S.P., Eugene Arnold, L., et al. Adolescent substance use in the multimodal treatment study of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (MTA) as a function of childhood ADHD, random assignment to childhood treatments, and subsequent medication. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 52 (2013), 250–263.
38. 38 Tamm, L., Adinoff, B., Nakonezny, P.A., Winhusen, T., Riggs, P., Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder subtypes in adolescents with comorbid substance-use disorder. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 38 (2012), 93–100.
39. 39 Volkow, N.D., Insel, T.R., What are the long-term effects of methylphenidate treatment?. Biol Psychiatry 54 (2003), 1307–1309.
40. 40 Pliszka, S., AACAP Work Group on Quality Issues. Practice parameter for the assessment and treatment of children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 46 (2007), 894–921.
41. 41 American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. Practice parameter on the use of psychotropic medication in children and adolescents. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 48 (2009), 961–973.
42. 42 American Academy of Pediatrics. Subcommittee on Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Steering Committee on Quality Improvement and Management. ADHD: Clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents. Pediatrics 128 (2011), 1007–1022.