Current cardiovascular outcomes trials in type 2 diabetes: Perspectives and insight

Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases

Volumn 26, Issue 9, 2016, Pages 767-772

  Coch, R W ^a   Green, J B ^a,b  

^a DUKE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b DUKE CLINICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

Cardiovascular; Diabetes; Outcomes

Indexed keywords

ALOGLIPTIN; DIPEPTIDYL PEPTIDASE IV INHIBITOR; EMPAGLIFLOZIN; GLUCAGON LIKE PEPTIDE 1 RECEPTOR AGONIST; INSULIN; LIXISENATIDE; METFORMIN; ROSIGLITAZONE; SAXAGLIPTIN; SITAGLIPTIN; SODIUM GLUCOSE COTRANSPORTER 2 INHIBITOR; SULFONYLUREA; ANTIDIABETIC AGENT; INCRETIN;

CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE; DIASTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE; FLUID RETENTION; GENITAL TRACT INFECTION; GLYCEMIC CONTROL; HEART FAILURE; HOSPITALIZATION; HUMAN; INSULIN RELEASE; META ANALYSIS (TOPIC); METABOLISM; MORTALITY; NON INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL (TOPIC); REVIEW; SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; COMPLICATION; DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2; PATIENT SAFETY; PATIENT SELECTION; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTOR; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2; DIPEPTIDYL-PEPTIDASE IV INHIBITORS; HUMANS; HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENTS; INCRETINS; PATIENT SAFETY; PATIENT SELECTION; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTORS; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 84990987678     PISSN: 09394753     EISSN: 15903729     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2016.06.004     Document Type: Review

References (34)

1. [1] UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group, Intensive blood-glucose control with sulphonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 33). Lancet 352:9131 (1998), 837–853.
2. [2] The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research Group, Intensive diabetes treatment and cardiovascular disease in patients with type 1 diabetes. N Engl J Med 353 (2005), 2643–2653.
3. [3] Fox, C.S., Coady, S., Sorlie, P.D., Levy, D., Meigs, J.B., D'Agostino, R.B., et al. Trends in cardiovascular complications of diabetes. JAMA 292:20 (2004), 2495–2499.
4. [4] Booth, G.L., Kapral, M.K., Fung, K., Tu, J.V., Relation between age and cardiovascular disease in men and women with diabetes compared with non-diabetic people: a population-based retrospective cohort study. Lancet 368:9529 (2006), 29–36.
5. [5] Holman, R.R., Paul, S.K., Bethel, M.A., Matthews, D.R., Neil, H.A., 10-year follow-up of intensive glucose control in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 359:15 (2008), 1577–1589.
6. [6] Patel, A., MacMahon, S., Chalmers, J., Neal, B., Billot, L., Woodward, M., et al. Intensive blood glucose control and vascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 358:24 (2008), 2560–2572.
7. [7] Duckworth, W., Abraira, C., Moritz, T., Reda, D., Emanuele, N., Reaven, P.D., et al. Glucose control and vascular complications in veterans with type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 360:2 (2009), 129–139.
8. [8] Gerstein, H.C., Miller, M.E., Byington, R.P., Goff, D.C. Jr., Bigger, J.T., Buse, J.B., et al. Effects of intensive glucose lowering in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 358:24 (2008), 2545–2559.
9. [9] Inzucchi, S.E., Bergenstal, R.M., Buse, J.B., Diamant, M., Ferrannini, E., Nauck, M., et al. Management of hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes, 2015: a patient-centred approach. Update to a position statement of the American diabetes association and the European association for the study of diabetes. Diabetologia 58:3 (2015), 429–442.
10. [10] United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group, Effect of intensive blood glucose control with metformin on complications in overweight patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 34). Lancet 352:9131 (1998), 854–865.
11. [11] The BARI 2D Study Group, A randomized trial of therapies for type 2 diabetes and coronary artery disease. N Engl J Med 360:24 (2009), 2503–2515.
12. [12] Dormandy, J.A., Charbonnel, B., Eckland, D.J., Erdmann, E., Massi-Benedetti, M., Moules, I.K., et al. Secondary prevention of macrovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes in the PROactive Study (PROspective pioglitAzone Clinical Trial in macroVascular Events): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 366:9493 (2005), 1279–1289.
13. [13] Nissen, S.E., Wolski, K., Topol, E.J., Effect of muraglitazar on death and major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. JAMA 294:20 (2005), 2581–2586.
14. [14] Nissen, S.E., Wolski, K., Effect of rosiglitazone on the risk of myocardial infarction and death from cardiovascular causes. N Engl J Med 356:24 (2007), 2457–2471.
15. [15] US Department of Health and Human Services. Guidance for industry: diabetes mellitus—evaluating cardiovascular risk in new antidiabetic therapies to treat type 2 diabetes. Available from: http://www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/Guidances/ucm071627.pdf [accessed 29.01.16].
16. [16] European Medicines Agency, Guideline on clinical investigation of medicinal products in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. 2012 Available from: http://www.ema.europa.eu/docs/en_GB/document_library/Scientific_guideline/2012/06/WC500129256.pdf [accessed 29.01.16].
17. [17] Vanderheyden, M., Bartunek, J., Goethals, M., Verstreken, S., Lambeir, A.M., De Meester, I., et al. Dipeptidyl-peptidase IV and B-type natriuretic peptide. From bench to bedside. Clin Chem Lab Med 47:3 (2009), 248–252.
18. [18] Holst, J.J., Deacon, C.F., Glucagon-like peptide-1 mediates the therapeutic actions of DPP-IV inhibitors. Diabetologia 48:4 (2005), 612–615.
19. [19] Chia, C.W., Egan, J.M., Incretin-based therapies in type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 93:10 (2008), 3703–3716.
20. [20] Scirica, B.M., Bhatt, D.L., Braunwald, E., Steg, P.G., Davidson, J., Hirshberg, B., et al. Saxagliptin and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med 369:14 (2013), 1317–1326.
21. [21] White, W.B., Cannon, C.P., Heller, S.R., Nissen, S.E., Bergenstal, R.M., Bakris, G.L., et al. Alogliptin after acute coronary syndrome in patients with type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 369:14 (2013), 1327–1335.
22. [22] Green, J.B., Bethel, M.A., Armstrong, P.W., Buse, J.B., Engel, S.S., Garg, J., et al. Effect of sitagliptin on cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 373:3 (2015), 232–242.
23. [23] Scirica, B.M., Braunwald, E., Raz, I., Cavender, M.A., Morrow, M.A., Jarolim, P., et al. Heart failure, saxagliptin, and diabetes mellitus: observations from the SAVOR-TIMI 53 randomized trial. Circulation 130 (2014), 1579–1588.
24. [24] Zannad, F., Cannon, C.P., Cushman, W.C., Bakris, G.L., Menon, V., Perez, A.T., et al. Heart failure and mortality outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes taking alogliptin versus placebo in EXAMINE: a multicentre, randomised, double-blind trial. Lancet 385:9982 (2015), 2067–2076.
25. [25] McGuire, D.K., Van de Werf, F., Armstrong, P.W., Standl, E., Koglin, J., Green, J.B., et al. Association between sitagliptin use and heart failure hospitalization and related outcomes in type 2 diabetes mellitus. JAMA Cardiol 1:2 (2016), 126–135.
26. [26] Blonde, L., Klein, E.J., Han, J., Zhang, B., Mac, S.M., Poon, T.H., et al. Interim analysis of the effects of exenatide treatment on A1C, weight and cardiovascular risk factors over 82 weeks in 314 overweight patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Obes Metab 8:4 (2006), 436–447.
27. [27] Nauck, M., Frid, A., Hermansen, K., Shah, N.S., Tankova, T., Mitha, I.H., et al. Efficacy and safety comparison of liraglutide, glimepiride, and placebo, all in combination with metformin, in type 2 diabetes: the LEAD (liraglutide effect and action in diabetes)-2 study. Diabetes Care 32:1 (2009), 84–90.
28. [28] Pfeffer, M.A., Claggett, B., Diaz, R., Dickstein, K., Gerstein, H.C., Køber, L.V., et al. Lixisenatide in patients with type 2 diabetes and acute coronary syndrome. N Engl J Med 373:23 (2015), 2247–2257.
29. [29] Ferrannini, E., Solini, A., SGLT2 inhibition in diabetes mellitus: rationale and clinical prospects. Nat Rev Endocrinol 8:8 (2012), 495–502.
30. [30] Zinman, B., Wanner, C., Lachin, J.M., Fitchett, D., Bluhmki, E., Hantel, S., et al. Empagliflozin, cardiovascular outcomes, and mortality in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 373:22 (2015), 2117–2128.
31. [31] http://www.fda.gov/Drugs/DrugSafety/ucm486096.htm [accessed 19.05.16].
32. [32] von Lewinski, D., Rainer, P.P., Gasser, R., Huber, M.S., Khafaga, M., Wilhelm, B., et al. Glucose-transporter-mediated positive inotropic effects in human myocardium of diabetic and nondiabetic patients. Metabolism 59:7 (2010), 1020–1028.
33. [33] https://www.novonordisk.com/bin/getPDF.1991879.pdf. [accessed 19.05.16].
34. [34] 2013 ACC/AHA guideline on the treatment of blood cholesterol to reduce atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk in adults: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association task force on practice guidelines. Circulation 129 (2014), S1–S45 (25 Suppl 2).