메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 20, Issue 2, 1996, Pages 193-203

Gleason, H.A. 1939: The individualistic concept of the plant association. The American Midland Naturalist 21, 92-110

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 84990366791     PISSN: 03091333     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/030913339602000205     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (6)

References (84)
  • 1
    • 0024928332 scopus 로고
    • A new model for the continuum concept
    • Austin, M.P. and Smith, T.M. 1989: A new model for the continuum concept. Vegetatio 83, 35-47.
    • (1989) Vegetatio , vol.83 , pp. 35-47
    • Austin, M.P.1    Smith, T.M.2
  • 2
    • 0024193041 scopus 로고
    • Holocene pollen sequences as a record of competitive interactions among tree populations
    • and
    • Bennett, K.D. and Lamb, H.F. 1988: Holocene pollen sequences as a record of competitive interactions among tree populations. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 3, 141-44.
    • (1988) Trends in Ecology and Evolution , vol.3 , pp. 141-144
    • Bennett, K.D.1    Lamb, H.F.2
  • 3
    • 0024831061 scopus 로고
    • Holocene isochrone maps and patterns of tree-spreading in the British Isles
    • Birks, H.J.B. 1989: Holocene isochrone maps and patterns of tree-spreading in the British Isles. Journal of Biogeography 16, 503-40.
    • (1989) Journal of Biogeography , vol.16 , pp. 503-540
    • Birks, H.J.B.1
  • 6
    • 0028178893 scopus 로고
    • Amazonian speciation: a necessarily complex model
    • Bush, M.B. 1994: Amazonian speciation: a necessarily complex model. Journal of Biogeography 21, 5-17.
    • (1994) Journal of Biogeography , vol.21 , pp. 5-17
    • Bush, M.B.1
  • 8
    • 0003647523 scopus 로고
    • Research methods in ecology
    • Lincoln, NB: University Publishing Company. — Washington, DC: Carnegie Institution of Washington.
    • Clements, F.E. 1905: Research methods in ecology. Lincoln, NB: University Publishing Company. — 1916: Plant succession: an analysis of the development of vegetation. Washington, DC: Carnegie Institution of Washington.
    • (1905) Plant succession: an analysis of the development of vegetation.
    • Clements, F.E.1
  • 9
    • 0001559940 scopus 로고
    • Nature and structure of the climax
    • Clements, F.E. 1936: Nature and structure of the climax. Journal of Ecology 24, 252-84.
    • (1936) Journal of Ecology , vol.24 , pp. 252-284
    • Clements, F.E.1
  • 11
    • 37049247522 scopus 로고
    • Vegetational continuum
    • (comment on Daubenmire, 1966).
    • Cottam, G. and McIntosh, R.P. 1966: Vegetational continuum. Science 152, 546-47 (comment on Daubenmire, 1966).
    • (1966) Science , vol.152 , pp. 546-547
    • Cottam, G.1    McIntosh, R.P.2
  • 12
    • 0001490844 scopus 로고
    • A prairie continuum in Wisconsin
    • Curtis, J.T. 1955: A prairie continuum in Wisconsin. Ecology 36, 558-66.
    • (1955) Ecology , vol.36 , pp. 558-566
    • Curtis, J.T.1
  • 14
    • 0001327890 scopus 로고
    • An upland continuum in the prairie-forest border region of Wisconsin
    • Curtis, J.T. and McIntosh, R.P. 1951: An upland continuum in the prairie-forest border region of Wisconsin. Ecology 32, 476-96.
    • (1951) Ecology , vol.32 , pp. 476-496
    • Curtis, J.T.1    McIntosh, R.P.2
  • 15
    • 0000508727 scopus 로고
    • Vegetation: identification of typal communities
    • Daubenmire, R. 1966: Vegetation: identification of typal communities. Science 151, 291-98.
    • (1966) Science , vol.151 , pp. 291-298
    • Daubenmire, R.1
  • 16
    • 0001776836 scopus 로고
    • Quaternary history and the stability of forest communities
    • In West, D.C., Shugart, H.H. and Botkin, D.B., editors New York: Springer-Verlag.
    • Davis, M.B. 1981: Quaternary history and the stability of forest communities. In West, D.C., Shugart, H.H. and Botkin, D.B., editors, Forest succession: concepts and application, New York: Springer-Verlag.
    • (1981) Forest succession: concepts and application
    • Davis, M.B.1
  • 17
    • 0002647120 scopus 로고
    • Climatic instability, time lags, and community disequilibrium
    • In Diamond, J. and Case, T.J., editors New York: Harper & Row.
    • Davis, M.B. 1986: Climatic instability, time lags, and community disequilibrium. In Diamond, J. and Case, T.J., editors, Community ecology, New York: Harper & Row.
    • (1986) Community ecology
    • Davis, M.B.1
  • 19
    • 0021029658 scopus 로고
    • Late-Quaternary vegetation dynamics and community stability reconsidered
    • Delcourt, P.A. and Delcourt, H.R. 1983: Late-Quaternary vegetation dynamics and community stability reconsidered. Quaternary Research 19, 265-71.
    • (1983) Quaternary Research , vol.19 , pp. 265-271
    • Delcourt, P.A.1    Delcourt, H.R.2
  • 20
    • 0005513957 scopus 로고
    • Interrelations between developmental models in geomorphology, plant ecology and animal ecology
    • Drury, W.H. and Nisbet, I.C.T. 1971: Interrelations between developmental models in geomorphology, plant ecology and animal ecology. General Systems 16, 57-68.
    • (1971) General Systems , vol.16 , pp. 57-68
    • Drury, W.H.1    Nisbet, I.C.T.2
  • 22
    • 0001605015 scopus 로고
    • Physiologisches und ökologisches Verhalten derselben Pflanzenarten
    • Ellenberg, H. 1953: Physiologisches und ökologisches Verhalten derselben Pflanzenarten. Bericht der Deutschen Botanischen Gesellschaften 65, 351-62.
    • (1953) Bericht der Deutschen Botanischen Gesellschaften , vol.65 , pp. 351-362
    • Ellenberg, H.1
  • 25
    • 0000957418 scopus 로고
    • The relation of forest distribution to prairie fires in the middle west
    • Gleason, H.A. 1913: The relation of forest distribution to prairie fires in the middle west. Torreya 13, 173-81.
    • (1913) Torreya , vol.13 , pp. 173-181
    • Gleason, H.A.1
  • 26
    • 0001921914 scopus 로고
    • The structure and development of the plant association
    • Gleason, H.A. 1917: The structure and development of the plant association. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 44, 463-81.
    • (1917) Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club , vol.44 , pp. 463-481
    • Gleason, H.A.1
  • 28
    • 0003390861 scopus 로고
    • Species and area
    • Gleason, H.A. 1925: Species and area. Ecology 6, 66-74.
    • (1925) Ecology , vol.6 , pp. 66-74
    • Gleason, H.A.1
  • 29
    • 0001921913 scopus 로고
    • The individualistic concept of the plant association
    • Gleason, H.A. 1926: The individualistic concept of the plant association. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 53, 1-20.
    • (1926) Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club , vol.53 , pp. 1-20
    • Gleason, H.A.1
  • 30
    • 0000652450 scopus 로고
    • Further views on the succession concept
    • Gleason, H.A. 1927: Further views on the succession concept. Ecology 8, 299-326.
    • (1927) Ecology , vol.8 , pp. 299-326
    • Gleason, H.A.1
  • 32
    • 0002779230 scopus 로고
    • The individualistic concept of the plant association
    • Gleason, H.A. 1939: The individualistic concept of the plant association. The American Midland Naturalist 21, 92-110.
    • (1939) The American Midland Naturalist , vol.21 , pp. 92-110
    • Gleason, H.A.1
  • 36
    • 0009704272 scopus 로고
    • The continuum and the individualistic association
    • Goodall, D.W. 1963: The continuum and the individualistic association. Vegetatio 7, 297-316.
    • (1963) Vegetatio , vol.7 , pp. 297-316
    • Goodall, D.W.1
  • 37
    • 0025669353 scopus 로고
    • Effects of global climate change on the patterns of terrestrial biological communities
    • Graham, R.W. and Grimm, E.C. 1990: Effects of global climate change on the patterns of terrestrial biological communities. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 5, 289-92.
    • (1990) Trends in Ecology and Evolution , vol.5 , pp. 289-292
    • Graham, R.W.1    Grimm, E.C.2
  • 38
    • 0001919095 scopus 로고
    • Chaos or order - organization
    • In Kikkawa, J. and Anderson, D.J., editors Oxford: Blackwell Scientific.
    • Greig-Smith, P. 1986: Chaos or order - organization. In Kikkawa, J. and Anderson, D.J., editors, Community ecology: pattern and process, Oxford: Blackwell Scientific.
    • (1986) Community ecology: pattern and process
    • Greig-Smith, P.1
  • 39
    • 0001193529 scopus 로고
    • A Darwinian approach to plant ecology
    • Harper, J.L. 1967: A Darwinian approach to plant ecology. Journal of Ecology 55, 247-70.
    • (1967) Journal of Ecology , vol.55 , pp. 247-270
    • Harper, J.L.1
  • 40
    • 0002093446 scopus 로고
    • After description
    • In Newman, E.I., editor Oxford: Blackwell Scientific
    • Harper, J.L. 1982: After description. In Newman, E.I., editor, The plant community as a working mechanism, Oxford: Blackwell Scientific.
    • (1982) The plant community as a working mechanism
    • Harper, J.L.1
  • 43
    • 9644263803 scopus 로고
    • Integration, identity and stability in the plant association
    • Langford, A.N. and Buell, M.F. 1969: Integration, identity and stability in the plant association. Advances in Ecological Research 6, 84-135.
    • (1969) Advances in Ecological Research , vol.6 , pp. 84-135
    • Langford, A.N.1    Buell, M.F.2
  • 45
    • 37049241252 scopus 로고
    • Plant communities
    • McIntosh, R.P. 1958: Plant communities. Science 128, 115-20.
    • (1958) Science , vol.128 , pp. 115-120
    • McIntosh, R.P.1
  • 46
    • 0001616137 scopus 로고
    • The continuum concept of vegetation
    • McIntosh, R.P. 1967: The continuum concept of vegetation. Botanical Review 33, 99-187.
    • (1967) Botanical Review , vol.33 , pp. 99-187
    • McIntosh, R.P.1
  • 47
    • 0001440601 scopus 로고
    • H.A. Gleason - 'individualistic ecologist' 1882-1975: his contribution to ecological theory
    • McIntosh, R.P. 1975: H.A. Gleason - 'individualistic ecologist' 1882-1975: his contribution to ecological theory. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 102, 253-73.
    • (1975) Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club , vol.102 , pp. 253-273
    • McIntosh, R.P.1
  • 49
    • 0028987548 scopus 로고
    • H.A. Gleason's 'individualistic concept' and theory of animal communities: a continuing controversy
    • McIntosh, R.P. 1995: H.A. Gleason's 'individualistic concept' and theory of animal communities: a continuing controversy. Biological Reviews 70, 317-57.
    • (1995) Biological Reviews , vol.70 , pp. 317-357
    • McIntosh, R.P.1
  • 50
    • 0023476972 scopus 로고
    • Paradigm change and vegetation classification in Soviet phytocoenology
    • Mirkin, B.M. 1987: Paradigm change and vegetation classification in Soviet phytocoenology. Vegetatio 68, 131-38.
    • (1987) Vegetatio , vol.68 , pp. 131-138
    • Mirkin, B.M.1
  • 51
    • 0024904481 scopus 로고
    • Influences of the individualistic concept of vegetation on syntaxonomy
    • Moravec, J. 1989: Influences of the individualistic concept of vegetation on syntaxonomy. Vegetatio 81, 29-39.
    • (1989) Vegetatio , vol.81 , pp. 29-39
    • Moravec, J.1
  • 53
    • 84906594485 scopus 로고
    • Some recent trends in classification and description of vegetation
    • (A)
    • Pears, N.V. 1968: Some recent trends in classification and description of vegetation. Geografiska Annaler 50(A), 162-72.
    • (1968) Geografiska Annaler , vol.50 , pp. 162-172
    • Pears, N.V.1
  • 55
    • 30744470834 scopus 로고
    • On two trends in phytocoenology
    • (translated from the Russian by J. Major).
    • Ponyatovskaya, V.M. 1961: On two trends in phytocoenology. Vegetatio 10, 373-85 (translated from the Russian by J. Major).
    • (1961) Vegetatio , vol.10 , pp. 373-385
    • Ponyatovskaya, V.M.1
  • 56
    • 84859079956 scopus 로고
    • Integration in the plant community
    • Poore, M.E.D. 1964: Integration in the plant community. Journal of Ecology 52, 213-26.
    • (1964) Journal of Ecology , vol.52 , pp. 213-226
    • Poore, M.E.D.1
  • 57
    • 84990381317 scopus 로고
    • Vegetation adjustment to the instability of the site
    • In Proceedings and papers of the 6th technical meeting of the International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, Edinburgh June
    • Raup, H.M. 1957: Vegetation adjustment to the instability of the site. In Proceedings and papers of the 6th technical meeting of the International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, Edinburgh, June 1956.
    • (1957)
    • Raup, H.M.1
  • 58
    • 0002996372 scopus 로고
    • The organismic community: resilience of an embattled ecological concept
    • Richardson, J.L. 1980: The organismic community: resilience of an embattled ecological concept. Bioscience 30, 465-71.
    • (1980) Bioscience , vol.30 , pp. 465-471
    • Richardson, J.L.1
  • 59
    • 0022850346 scopus 로고
    • Climate change and vegetation response
    • Ritchie, J.C. 1986: Climate change and vegetation response. Vegetatio 67, 65-74.
    • (1986) Vegetatio , vol.67 , pp. 65-74
    • Ritchie, J.C.1
  • 60
    • 0023496983 scopus 로고
    • A dynamical systems perspective on vegetation theory
    • Roberts, D.W. 1987: A dynamical systems perspective on vegetation theory. Vegetatio 69, 27-33.
    • (1987) Vegetatio , vol.69 , pp. 27-33
    • Roberts, D.W.1
  • 62
    • 0023466460 scopus 로고
    • The individualistic and community-unit concepts as falsifiable hypotheses
    • Shipley, W. and Keddy, P.A. 1987: The individualistic and community-unit concepts as falsifiable hypotheses. Vegetatio 69, 47-55.
    • (1987) Vegetatio , vol.69 , pp. 47-55
    • Shipley, W.1    Keddy, P.A.2
  • 63
    • 84910249705 scopus 로고
    • Russian (Ramensky) approaches to community systematization
    • In Whittaker, R.H., editor Oxford: Junk.
    • Sobolev, L.N. and Utekhin, V.D. 1973: Russian (Ramensky) approaches to community systematization. In Whittaker, R.H., editor, Ordination and classification of communities, Oxford: Junk.
    • (1973) Ordination and classification of communities
    • Sobolev, L.N.1    Utekhin, V.D.2
  • 64
    • 0001373778 scopus 로고
    • The classification of vegetation and the concept of development
    • Tansley, A.G. 1920: The classification of vegetation and the concept of development. Journal of Ecology 8, 118-49.
    • (1920) Journal of Ecology , vol.8 , pp. 118-149
    • Tansley, A.G.1
  • 66
    • 37049247522 scopus 로고
    • Vegetational continuum
    • (comment on Daubenmire,
    • Vogl, R.J. 1966: Vegetational continuum. Science 152, 546 (comment on Daubenmire, 1966).
    • (1966) Science , vol.152 , pp. 546
    • Vogl, R.J.1
  • 67
    • 0028162256 scopus 로고
    • The implications of palaeontological evidence for theories of ecological communities and species richness
    • Walter, G.H. and Paterson, H.E.H. 1994: The implications of palaeontological evidence for theories of ecological communities and species richness. Australian Journal of Ecology 19, 241-50.
    • (1994) Australian Journal of Ecology , vol.19 , pp. 241-250
    • Walter, G.H.1    Paterson, H.E.H.2
  • 68
    • 0007356888 scopus 로고
    • The community and the individual
    • Watt, A.S. 1964: The community and the individual. Journal of Ecology 52, 203-11.
    • (1964) Journal of Ecology , vol.52 , pp. 203-211
    • Watt, A.S.1
  • 69
    • 0000136211 scopus 로고
    • The past 11,000 years of vegetation change in eastern North America
    • Webb, T. 1981: The past 11,000 years of vegetation change in eastern North America. Bioscience 31, 501-506.
    • (1981) Bioscience , vol.31 , pp. 501-506
    • Webb, T.1
  • 70
  • 71
    • 0001916556 scopus 로고
    • Inter-relations of ecology and Quaternary paleobotany
    • West, R.G. 1964: Inter-relations of ecology and Quaternary paleobotany. Journal of Ecology 52, 47-57.
    • (1964) Journal of Ecology , vol.52 , pp. 47-57
    • West, R.G.1
  • 72
    • 0013684627 scopus 로고
    • The population structure of vegetation
    • In White, J., editor The Hague: Junk.
    • White, J. 1985: The population structure of vegetation. In White, J., editor, The population structure of vegetation, The Hague: Junk.
    • (1985) The population structure of vegetation
    • White, J.1
  • 73
    • 0000016376 scopus 로고
    • Pattern, process and natural disturbance in vegetation
    • White, P.S. 1979: Pattern, process and natural disturbance in vegetation. Botanical Review 45, 229-99.
    • (1979) Botanical Review , vol.45 , pp. 229-299
    • White, P.S.1
  • 74
    • 0001922552 scopus 로고
    • A criticism of the plant association and climatic climax concepts. Northwest
    • Whittaker, R.H. 1951: A criticism of the plant association and climatic climax concepts. Northwest Science 25, 7-31.
    • (1951) Science , vol.25 , pp. 7-31
    • Whittaker, R.H.1
  • 75
    • 0002367228 scopus 로고
    • A consideration of climax theory: the climax as a population and pattern
    • Whittaker, R.H. 1953: A consideration of climax theory: the climax as a population and pattern. Ecological Monographs 23, 41-78.
    • (1953) Ecological Monographs , vol.23 , pp. 41-78
    • Whittaker, R.H.1
  • 76
    • 0001817177 scopus 로고
    • Vegetation of the Great Smoky Mountains
    • Whittaker, R.H. 1958: Vegetation of the Great Smoky Mountains. Ecological Monographs 26, 1-80.
    • (1958) Ecological Monographs , vol.26 , pp. 1-80
    • Whittaker, R.H.1
  • 77
    • 51849180642 scopus 로고
    • Classification of natural communities
    • Whittaker, R.H. 1962: Classification of natural communities. Botanical Review 28, 1-239.
    • (1962) Botanical Review , vol.28 , pp. 1-239
    • Whittaker, R.H.1
  • 78
    • 0014089176 scopus 로고
    • Gradient analysis of vegetation
    • Whittaker, R.H. 1967: Gradient analysis of vegetation. Biological Reviews 49, 207-64.
    • (1967) Biological Reviews , vol.49 , pp. 207-264
    • Whittaker, R.H.1
  • 81
    • 0005782231 scopus 로고
    • Evolution of natural communities
    • In Wiens, J.A., editor Corvallis, OR: Oregan State University Press.
    • Whittaker, R.H. and Woodwell, G.M. 1972: Evolution of natural communities. In Wiens, J.A., editor, Ecosystem structure and function, Corvallis, OR: Oregan State University Press.
    • (1972) Ecosystem structure and function
    • Whittaker, R.H.1    Woodwell, G.M.2
  • 83
    • 0021623107 scopus 로고
    • Sensitivity and response time of natural systems to climatic change in the late Quaternary
    • Wright, H.E.W. Jr. 1984: Sensitivity and response time of natural systems to climatic change in the late Quaternary. Quaternary Science Reviews 3, 91-131.
    • (1984) Quaternary Science Reviews , vol.3 , pp. 91-131
    • Wright, H.E.W.1
  • 84
    • 34250510251 scopus 로고
    • Organismal and individualistic concepts and the choice of methods in vegetation analysis
    • Yarranton, G.A. 1967: Organismal and individualistic concepts and the choice of methods in vegetation analysis. Vegetatio 15, 113-16.
    • (1967) Vegetatio , vol.15 , pp. 113-116
    • Yarranton, G.A.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.