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1
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0023461849
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For examples of enantioselective reductions and cyanohydrin formation, see, and references therein; for examples of trebly diastereoselective Diels‐Alder reactions
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(1987)
Biochem. Soc. Trans.
, vol.15
, pp. 1188
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Stoddart, J.F.1
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4
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33845183453
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(1989)
J. Am. Chem. Soc.
, vol.111
, pp. 4719
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Armstrong, D.R.1
Barr, D.2
Clegg, W.3
Hodgson, S.M.4
Mulvey, R.E.5
Reed, D.6
Snaith, R.7
Wright, D.S.8
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6
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0001269629
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Struktur und Reaktivität von Lithiumenolaten, vom Pinakolon zur selektivenC-Alkylierung von Peptiden – Schwierigkeiten und Möglichkeiten durch komplexe Strukturen
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(1988)
Angewandte Chemie
, vol.100
, pp. 1685
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Seebach, D.1
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46
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33947480171
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By far the most popular chiral lithium amide is (R,R)‐II and its enantiomer (S,S)‐II: see Refs. [3], [6], [7a], [10], [12] and [15]. The chiral amine (R,R)‐I was first reported in 1961 (; see also Ref. [6]). (Formula Presented.)
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(1961)
J. Am. Chem. Soc.
, vol.83
, pp. 1374
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Overberger, C.G.1
Marullo, N.P.2
Hiskey, R.G.3
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47
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84990083709
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While a number of chiral lithium amides possess these structural features (see Ref. [13c]), none have chiral centers that carry large substituents α to the NLi bond.
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48
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84987564680
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Intramolecular coordination not only provides transition‐state rigidity but it also enhances lithium enolate‐chiral amine complexation. Even in nonchelating achiral systems, the coordinated amine present, after deprotonation, exerts a profound mechanistic effect on the reactivity of a lithium enolate towards, for example, deuterium cations
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(1985)
Helvetica Chimica Acta
, vol.68
, pp. 1373
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Laube, T.1
Dunitz, J.D.2
Seebach, D.3
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49
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84990083712
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Chiral amines, which lack extra Intramolecular coordinating groups and are present after deprotonation of a substrate, can impart stereoselectivities upon subsequent electrophilic additions to that substrate; cf. Refs. [3], [5], [6], [12], [13a], and [15].
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51
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84990083728
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Subscript n is the aggregation number of the amidolithium complex, i.e. a monomer has n = 1, a dimer has n = 2, etc.
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54
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0011231534
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1H NMR spectrum of the product obtained after O‐methylation. Direct integration of the mixture of hydroxyamines (R,R)‐7 and (R,S)‐7 was less reliable because of accidental equivalence of the resonances for the constitutionally‐related protons in the diastereoisomers
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(1986)
J. Org. Chem.
, vol.51
, pp. 3635
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Eleveld, M.B.1
Hogeveen, H.2
Schudde, E.P.3
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55
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84990145027
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2]Na/THF/−78°C gave a ratio (R,S)7:(R,R)‐7 of 4:1.
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56
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84990120193
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o|),θ ≤ 58°], R = 0.097.
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57
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84990120198
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Kα radiation (graphite monochromator). The structures were solved by direct methods and refined anisotropically. Further details of these structural investigations can be obtained from the Director of the Cambridge Data Centre, University Chemical Laboratory, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB21EW (England). Any request should be accompanied by the full literature citation for this communication.
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59
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84990139778
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−1 (OH).
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60
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37049066902
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The solid state structure (Fig. 2) is in accord with the structural principles underpinning amidolithium chemistry, i.e. the preferences between rings, stacks, and ladders
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J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun.
, vol.1986
, pp. 869
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Armstrong, D.R.1
Barr, D.2
Clegg, W.3
Mulvey, R.E.4
Reed, D.5
Snaith, R.6
Wade, K.7
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62
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84990123443
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2 rings with extra coordination from the added neutral donors (see Refs. [32d] and [36]).
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80
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84990088468
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2 shows a contrasting aabb pattern scattered around mean NLi bond lengths (Fig. 2) that correspond with those reported.
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81
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84990088469
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2 symmetry (IV). In the dimers III and IV, the two homotopic amide ligands contain, respectively, homotopic and diastereotopic 5‐membered chelate rings. The coordination geometries and ring distortions are at present being investigated by ab initio and MO calculations on model systems in collaboration with Dr. D. R. Armstrong (University of Strathclyde, UK). (Formula Presented.)
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82
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84990088473
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3) reveals a single lithium amide species at ambient temperature which persists on cooling down to −90°C. A minor component is also observed in a proportion of < 5% which is independent of concentration (0.062‐0.206 M) and temperature. This is unequivocally the parent amine (R, R)‐1 resulting from partial hydrolysis of the lithium amide during the experiments. No spectroscopic evidence for constitutional isomerism or aggregation equilibria is observed. We thank Dr. D. Reed (SERC NMR Service, University of Edinburgh) for his assistance in obtaining some of these spectra.
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83
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84990152852
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2 in benzene in the concentration range 0.07‐0.12 M to give a supramolecular mass of 551 ± 12, i.e. n = 1.90 ± 0.04. The slight variance from n = 2.0 cannot arise from an amidolithium dimer‐monomer equilibrium since this would be concentration dependent. The low value can be attributed to partial hydrolysis to the parent amine (R,R)‐1 prior to or during the measurement (see Ref. [39]).
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84
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84990139802
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n in toluene/HMPA. An internal enolate quench with trimethylsilyl chloride gives (R)‐4‐tert butyl‐1‐[(trimethylsilyl)oxy]cyclohexene in 84% enantiomeric excess.
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