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Volumn 28, Issue 8, 1989, Pages 1044-1047

A New Coordinating Chiral Lithium Amide

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EID: 84990165959     PISSN: 05700833     EISSN: 15213773     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/anie.198910441     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (29)

References (84)
  • 1
    • 0023461849 scopus 로고
    • For examples of enantioselective reductions and cyanohydrin formation, see, and references therein; for examples of trebly diastereoselective Diels‐Alder reactions
    • (1987) Biochem. Soc. Trans. , vol.15 , pp. 1188
    • Stoddart, J.F.1
  • 6
    • 0001269629 scopus 로고
    • Struktur und Reaktivität von Lithiumenolaten, vom Pinakolon zur selektivenC-Alkylierung von Peptiden – Schwierigkeiten und Möglichkeiten durch komplexe Strukturen
    • (1988) Angewandte Chemie , vol.100 , pp. 1685
    • Seebach, D.1
  • 46
    • 33947480171 scopus 로고
    • By far the most popular chiral lithium amide is (R,R)‐II and its enantiomer (S,S)‐II: see Refs. [3], [6], [7a], [10], [12] and [15]. The chiral amine (R,R)‐I was first reported in 1961 (; see also Ref. [6]). (Formula Presented.)
    • (1961) J. Am. Chem. Soc. , vol.83 , pp. 1374
    • Overberger, C.G.1    Marullo, N.P.2    Hiskey, R.G.3
  • 47
    • 84990083709 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • While a number of chiral lithium amides possess these structural features (see Ref. [13c]), none have chiral centers that carry large substituents α to the NLi bond.
  • 48
    • 84987564680 scopus 로고
    • Intramolecular coordination not only provides transition‐state rigidity but it also enhances lithium enolate‐chiral amine complexation. Even in nonchelating achiral systems, the coordinated amine present, after deprotonation, exerts a profound mechanistic effect on the reactivity of a lithium enolate towards, for example, deuterium cations
    • (1985) Helvetica Chimica Acta , vol.68 , pp. 1373
    • Laube, T.1    Dunitz, J.D.2    Seebach, D.3
  • 49
    • 84990083712 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chiral amines, which lack extra Intramolecular coordinating groups and are present after deprotonation of a substrate, can impart stereoselectivities upon subsequent electrophilic additions to that substrate; cf. Refs. [3], [5], [6], [12], [13a], and [15].
  • 51
    • 84990083728 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subscript n is the aggregation number of the amidolithium complex, i.e. a monomer has n = 1, a dimer has n = 2, etc.
  • 54
    • 0011231534 scopus 로고
    • 1H NMR spectrum of the product obtained after O‐methylation. Direct integration of the mixture of hydroxyamines (R,R)‐7 and (R,S)‐7 was less reliable because of accidental equivalence of the resonances for the constitutionally‐related protons in the diastereoisomers
    • (1986) J. Org. Chem. , vol.51 , pp. 3635
    • Eleveld, M.B.1    Hogeveen, H.2    Schudde, E.P.3
  • 55
    • 84990145027 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2]Na/THF/−78°C gave a ratio (R,S)7:(R,R)‐7 of 4:1.
  • 56
    • 84990120193 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • o|),θ ≤ 58°], R = 0.097.
  • 57
    • 84990120198 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kα radiation (graphite monochromator). The structures were solved by direct methods and refined anisotropically. Further details of these structural investigations can be obtained from the Director of the Cambridge Data Centre, University Chemical Laboratory, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB21EW (England). Any request should be accompanied by the full literature citation for this communication.
  • 59
    • 84990139778 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • −1 (OH).
  • 62
    • 84990123443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2 rings with extra coordination from the added neutral donors (see Refs. [32d] and [36]).
  • 80
    • 84990088468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2 shows a contrasting aabb pattern scattered around mean NLi bond lengths (Fig. 2) that correspond with those reported.
  • 81
    • 84990088469 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2 symmetry (IV). In the dimers III and IV, the two homotopic amide ligands contain, respectively, homotopic and diastereotopic 5‐membered chelate rings. The coordination geometries and ring distortions are at present being investigated by ab initio and MO calculations on model systems in collaboration with Dr. D. R. Armstrong (University of Strathclyde, UK). (Formula Presented.)
  • 82
    • 84990088473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 3) reveals a single lithium amide species at ambient temperature which persists on cooling down to −90°C. A minor component is also observed in a proportion of < 5% which is independent of concentration (0.062‐0.206 M) and temperature. This is unequivocally the parent amine (R, R)‐1 resulting from partial hydrolysis of the lithium amide during the experiments. No spectroscopic evidence for constitutional isomerism or aggregation equilibria is observed. We thank Dr. D. Reed (SERC NMR Service, University of Edinburgh) for his assistance in obtaining some of these spectra.
  • 83
    • 84990152852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2 in benzene in the concentration range 0.07‐0.12 M to give a supramolecular mass of 551 ± 12, i.e. n = 1.90 ± 0.04. The slight variance from n = 2.0 cannot arise from an amidolithium dimer‐monomer equilibrium since this would be concentration dependent. The low value can be attributed to partial hydrolysis to the parent amine (R,R)‐1 prior to or during the measurement (see Ref. [39]).
  • 84
    • 84990139802 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • n in toluene/HMPA. An internal enolate quench with trimethylsilyl chloride gives (R)‐4‐tert butyl‐1‐[(trimethylsilyl)oxy]cyclohexene in 84% enantiomeric excess.


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.