The Formation, Elimination, Interpretation, and Future Research Needs of Phosphatidylethanol for Research Studies and Clinical Practice

Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research

Volumn 40, Issue 11, 2016, Pages 2292-2295

  Hahn, Judith A ^a   Anton, Raymond F ^b   Javors, Martin A ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA   (United States)

^c University of Texas Health Science Center   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALCOHOL; PHOSPHATIDYLCHOLINE; PHOSPHATIDYLETHANOL; PHOSPHOLIPASE D; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; GLYCEROPHOSPHOLIPID; PHOSPHATIDIC ACID;

ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION; CLINICAL PRACTICE; CLINICAL RESEARCH; HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY; HUMAN; LIMIT OF DETECTION; LIMIT OF QUANTITATION; LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY; NOTE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; TANDEM MASS SPECTROMETRY;

GLYCEROPHOSPHOLIPIDS; HUMANS; PHOSPHATIDIC ACIDS;

EID: 84988891062     PISSN: 01456008     EISSN: 15300277     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/acer.13213     Document Type: Note

References (24)

1. Anton RF (2014) Commentary on: ethyl glucuronide and ethyl sulfate assays in clinical trials, interpretation, and limitations: results of a dose ranging alcohol challenge study and 2 clinical trials. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 38:1826–1828.
2. Aradottir S, Asanovska G, Gjerss S, Hansson P, Alling C (2006) Phosphatidylethanol (PEth) concentrations in blood are correlated to reported alcohol intake in alcohol-dependent patients. Alcohol Alcohol 41:431–437.
3. Aradottir S, Moller K, Alling C (2004) Phosphatidylethanol formation and degradation in human and rat blood. Alcohol Alcohol 39:8–13.
4. Crunelle CL, Yegles M, van Nuijs AL, Covaci A, de Doncker M, Maudens KE, Sabbe B, Dom G, Lambert WE, Michielsen P, Neels H (2014) Hair ethyl glucuronide levels as a marker for alcohol use and abuse: a review of the current state of the art. Drug Alcohol Depend 134:1–11.
5. Devine EG, Waters ME, Putnam M, Surprise C, O'Malley K, Richambault C, Fishman RL, Knapp CM, Patterson EH, Sarid-Segal O, Streeter C, Colanari L, Ciraulo DA (2013) Concealment and fabrication by experienced research subjects. Clin Trials 10:935–948.
6. Gnann H, Thierauf A, Hagenbuch F, Rohr B, Weinmann W (2014) Time dependence of elimination of different PEth homologues in alcoholics in comparison with social drinkers. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 38:322–326.
7. Gnann H, Weinmann W, Thierauf A (2012) Formation of phosphatidylethanol and its subsequent elimination during an extensive drinking experiment over 5 days. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 36:1507–1511.
8. Hahn JA, Dobkin LM, Mayanja B, Emenyonu NI, Kigozi IM, Shiboski S, Bangsberg DR, Gnann H, Weinmann W, Wurst FM (2012) Phosphatidylethanol (PEth) as a biomarker of alcohol consumption in HIV-positive patients in sub-Saharan Africa. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 36:854–862.
9. Hahn JA, Emenyonu NI, Fatch R, Muyindike WR, Kekiibina A, Carrico AW, Woolf-King S, Shiboski S (2016) Declining and rebounding unhealthy alcohol consumption during the first year of HIV care in rural Uganda, using phosphatidylethanol to augment self-report. Addiction 111:272–279.
10. Hartmann S, Aradottir S, Graf M, Wiesbeck G, Lesch O, Ramskogler K, Wolfersdorf M, Alling C, Wurst FM (2007) Phosphatidylethanol as a sensitive and specific biomarker: comparison with gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, mean corpuscular volume and carbohydrate-deficient transferrin. Addict Biol 12:81–84.
11. Helander A, Hansson T (2013) National harmonization of the alcohol biomarker PEth. Läkartidningen 110:1747–1748.
12. Helander A, Zheng Y (2009) Molecular species of the alcohol biomarker phosphatidylethanol in human blood measured by LC-MS. Clin Chem 55:1395–1405.
13. Javors MA, Hill-Kapturczak N, Roache JD, Karns-Wright TE, Dougherty DM (2016) Characterization of the pharmacokinetics of phosphatidylethanol 16:0/18:1 and 16:0/18:2 in human whole blood after alcohol consumption in a clinical laboratory study. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 40:1228–1234.
14. Justice AC, McGinnis KA, Tate JP, Braithwaite RS, Bryant KJ, Cook RL, Edelman EJ, Fiellin LE, Freiberg MS, Gordon AJ, Kraemer KL, Marshall BD, Williams EC, Fiellin DA (2016) Risk of mortality and physiologic injury evident with lower alcohol exposure among HIV infected compared with uninfected men. Drug Alcohol Depend 161:95–103.
15. Kummer N, Wille SM, Poll A, Lambert WE, Samyn N, Stove CP (2016) Quantification of EtG in hair, EtG and EtS in urine and PEth species in capillary dried blood spots to assess the alcohol consumption in driver's licence regranting cases. Drug Alcohol Depend 165:191–197.
16. Leickly E, McDonell MG, Vilardaga R, Angelo FA, Lowe JM, McPherson S, Srebnik D, Roll JM, Ries RK (2015) High levels of agreement between clinic-based ethyl glucuronide (EtG) immunoassays and laboratory-based mass spectrometry. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 41:246–250.
17. Nalesso A, Viel G, Cecchetto G, Mioni D, Pessa G, Favretto D, Ferrara SD (2011) Quantitative profiling of phosphatidylethanol molecular species in human blood by liquid chromatography high resolution mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 1218:8423–8431.
18. National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (2016). Drinking levels defined. [Online]. Available at: http://www.niaaa.nih.gov/alcohol-health/overview-alcohol-consumption/moderate-binge-drinking. Accessed July 1, 2016.
19. Papas RK, Gakinya BN, Mwaniki MM, Keter AK, Lee H, Loxley MP, Klein DA, Sidle JE, Martino S, Baliddawa JB, Schlaudt KL, Maisto SA (2016) Associations between the phosphatidylethanol alcohol biomarker and self-reported alcohol use in a sample of HIV-infected outpatient drinkers in Western Kenya. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 40:1779–1787.
20. Stewart SH, Koch DG, Willner IR, Anton RF, Reuben A (2014) Validation of blood phosphatidylethanol as an alcohol consumption biomarker in patients with chronic liver disease. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 38:1706–1711.
21. Weinmann W, Schrock A, Wurst FM (2016) Commentary on the paper of Walther L. et al.: phosphatidylethanol is superior to CDT and GGT as an alcohol marker and is a reliable estimate of alcohol consumption level. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 40:260–262.
22. Winkler M, Skopp G, Alt A, Miltner E, Jochum T, Daenhardt C, Sporkert F, Gnann H, Weinmann W, Thierauf A (2013) Comparison of direct and indirect alcohol markers with PEth in blood and urine in alcohol dependent inpatients during detoxication. Int J Legal Med 127:761–768.
23. Wurst FM, Thon N, Aradottir S, Hartmann S, Wiesbeck GA, Lesch O, Skala K, Wolfersdorf M, Weinmann W, Alling C (2010) Phosphatidylethanol: normalization during detoxification, gender aspects and correlation with other biomarkers and self-reports. Addict Biol 15:88–95.
24. Wurst FM, Thon N, Yegles M, Schruck A, Preuss UW, Weinmann W (2015) Ethanol metabolites: their role in the assessment of alcohol intake. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 39:2060–2072.