메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 30, Issue 4, 2015, Pages 328-348

Conservation agriculture in Southern Africa: Advances in knowledge

Author keywords

conservation agriculture; mulching; no tillage; rotation; Southern Africa; sustainable intensification

Indexed keywords


EID: 84988286458     PISSN: 17421705     EISSN: 17421713     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S1742170513000550     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (143)

References (147)
  • 1
    • 36248994732 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Manure as a key resource within smallholder farming systems: Analysing farm-scale nutrient cycling efficiencies with the NUANCES framework
    • Rufino, M.C., Tittonell, P., van Wijk, M.T., Castellanos-Navarrete, A., Delve, R.J. and de Ridder, N. 2007. Manure as a key resource within smallholder farming systems: Analysing farm-scale nutrient cycling efficiencies with the NUANCES framework. Livestock Science 112(3):273-287.
    • (2007) Livestock Science , vol.112 , Issue.3 , pp. 273-287
    • Rufino, M.C.1    Tittonell, P.2    Van Wijk, M.T.3    Castellanos-Navarrete, A.4    Delve, R.J.5    De Ridder, N.6
  • 4
    • 0003527765 scopus 로고
    • Nehanda Publishers (Pvt) Ltd, Harare, Zimbabwe
    • Nyamapfene, K. 1991. Soils of Zimbabwe. Nehanda Publishers (Pvt) Ltd, Harare, Zimbabwe. p. 75-79.
    • (1991) Soils of Zimbabwe , pp. 75-79
    • Nyamapfene, K.1
  • 5
    • 0033820416 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Soil fertility status in communal areas of Zimbabwe in relation to sustainable crop production
    • Nyamangara, J., Mugwira, L.M., and Mpofu, S.E. 2000. Soil fertility status in communal areas of Zimbabwe in relation to sustainable crop production. Journal of Sustainable Agriculture 16:15-29.
    • (2000) Journal of Sustainable Agriculture , vol.16 , pp. 15-29
    • Nyamangara, J.1    Mugwira, L.M.2    Mpofu, S.E.3
  • 6
    • 0345713137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selection improves drought tolerance in tropical maize populations: I. Gains in biomass, grain yield, and harvest index
    • Edmeades, G., Chapman, S., and Lafitte, H. 1999. Selection improves drought tolerance in tropical maize populations: I. Gains in biomass, grain yield, and harvest index. Crop Science 39(5):1306-1315.
    • (1999) Crop Science , vol.39 , Issue.5 , pp. 1306-1315
    • Edmeades, G.1    Chapman, S.2    Lafitte, H.3
  • 9
    • 77951996617 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tripling crop yields in tropical Africa
    • Sánchez, P.A. 2010. Tripling crop yields in tropical Africa. Nature Geoscience 3(5):299-300.
    • (2010) Nature Geoscience , vol.3 , Issue.5 , pp. 299-300
    • Sánchez, P.A.1
  • 10
    • 84988252768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Some Facts About Fertilizer Use in Africa: The Case of Smallholder and Large-Scale Farmers in Kenya
    • A. Bationo, B. Waswa, J.M. Okeyo, F. Maina and J.M. Kihara (eds). Springer, Netherlands
    • Okoth, P.F., Murua, E., Sanginga, N., Chianu, J., Mungatu, J.M., Kimani, P.K., and Ng'ang'a, J.K. 2011. Some Facts About Fertilizer Use in Africa: The Case of Smallholder and Large-Scale Farmers in Kenya. In A. Bationo, B. Waswa, J.M. Okeyo, F. Maina and J.M. Kihara (eds). Innovations as Key to the Green Revolution in Africa. Springer, Netherlands. p. 869-878.
    • (2011) Innovations as Key to the Green Revolution in Africa , pp. 869-878
    • Okoth, P.F.1    Murua, E.2    Sanginga, N.3    Chianu, J.4    Mungatu, J.M.5    Kimani, P.K.6    Ng'ang'a, J.K.7
  • 11
    • 0037086361 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Soil fertility and hunger in Africa
    • Sanchez, P. 2002. Soil fertility and hunger in Africa. Science 295:2019-2020.
    • (2002) Science , vol.295 , pp. 2019-2020
    • Sanchez, P.1
  • 13
    • 77955918112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rotations in conservation agriculture systems of Zambia: Effects on soil quality and water relations
    • Thierfelder, C. and Wall, P.C. 2010. Rotations in conservation agriculture systems of Zambia: Effects on soil quality and water relations. Experimental Agriculture 46(3):309-325.
    • (2010) Experimental Agriculture , vol.46 , Issue.3 , pp. 309-325
    • Thierfelder, C.1    Wall, P.C.2
  • 14
    • 84876962707 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Grain legumes and green manures for soil fertility in Southern Africa: Taking stock of progress
    • Harare, Zimbabwe: SoilFertNet and CIMMYT-Zimbabwe
    • Waddington, S.R. 2003. Grain legumes and green manures for soil fertility in Southern Africa: Taking stock of progress. Proceedings of a conference held 8-11 October 2002 at the Leopard Rock Hotel, Vumba, Zimbabwe. Harare, Zimbabwe: SoilFertNet and CIMMYT-Zimbabwe. p. 1-246.
    • (2003) Proceedings of a Conference Held 8-11 October 2002 at the Leopard Rock Hotel, Vumba, Zimbabwe , pp. 1-246
    • Waddington, S.R.1
  • 15
    • 84988252746 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fertilizer toolkit: Promoting efficient and sustainable fertilizer use
    • Available at accessed February 5, 2014
    • World Bank. 2012. Fertilizer toolkit: Promoting efficient and sustainable fertilizer use. Why are fertilizer prices higher in Africa? Available at http://www.worldbank.org/html/extdr/fertilizeruse/bpractices/HighPrices.htm (accessed February 5, 2014).
    • (2012) Why Are Fertilizer Prices Higher in Africa?
  • 16
    • 84988233168 scopus 로고
    • Sand veld farming and its possibilities
    • Alvord, E.D. 1936. Sand veld farming and its possibilities. Rhodesia Agricultural Journal 15:1106-1110.
    • (1936) Rhodesia Agricultural Journal , vol.15 , pp. 1106-1110
    • Alvord, E.D.1
  • 17
    • 84906184008 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On heretics and God's blanket salesmen: Contested claims for conservation agriculture and the politics of its promotion in African smallholder farming
    • J. Sumberg and J. Thompson (eds). Earthscan, London
    • Andersson, J.A. and Giller, K.E. 2012. On heretics and God's blanket salesmen: Contested claims for conservation agriculture and the politics of its promotion in African smallholder farming. In J. Sumberg and J. Thompson (eds). Contested Agronomy: Agricultural Research in a Changing World. Earthscan, London. p. 1-22.
    • (2012) Contested Agronomy: Agricultural Research in a Changing World , pp. 1-22
    • Andersson, J.A.1    Giller, K.E.2
  • 18
    • 33847612010 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Constraints to adopting no-till farming in developing countries
    • Lal, R. 2007. Constraints to adopting no-till farming in developing countries. Soil and Tillage Research 94:1-3.
    • (2007) Soil and Tillage Research , vol.94 , pp. 1-3
    • Lal, R.1
  • 20
    • 0347211602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conservation tillage for sustainable crop production systems: Results and experiences from on-station and on-farm research (1988-1996)
    • Munyati, M. 1997. Conservation tillage for sustainable crop production systems: Results and experiences from on-station and on-farm research (1988-1996). Zimbabwe Science News 31(2):27-33.
    • (1997) Zimbabwe Science News , vol.31 , Issue.2 , pp. 27-33
    • Munyati, M.1
  • 21
    • 0004592411 scopus 로고
    • Loss of soil nutrients by sheet erosion is a major hidden farming cost
    • Elwell, H.A. and Stocking, M. 1988. Loss of soil nutrients by sheet erosion is a major hidden farming cost. Zimbabwe Science News 22:7-8.
    • (1988) Zimbabwe Science News , vol.22 , pp. 7-8
    • Elwell, H.A.1    Stocking, M.2
  • 22
    • 18144415517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of intensifying organic manuring and tillage practices on penetration resistance and infiltration rate
    • Thierfelder, C., Amezquita, E., and Stahr, K. 2005. Effects of intensifying organic manuring and tillage practices on penetration resistance and infiltration rate. Soil and Tillage Research 82:211-226.
    • (2005) Soil and Tillage Research , vol.82 , pp. 211-226
    • Thierfelder, C.1    Amezquita, E.2    Stahr, K.3
  • 23
    • 77951688174 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of conservation agriculture techniques on infiltration and soil water content in Zambia and Zimbabwe
    • Thierfelder, C. and Wall, P.C. 2009. Effects of conservation agriculture techniques on infiltration and soil water content in Zambia and Zimbabwe. Soil and Tillage Research 105(2):217-227.
    • (2009) Soil and Tillage Research , vol.105 , Issue.2 , pp. 217-227
    • Thierfelder, C.1    Wall, P.C.2
  • 26
    • 0030619881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Soil penetration resistance, root growth and yield of maize as influenced by tillage system on ridges in Malawi
    • Materechera, S.A. and Mloza-Banda, H.R. 1997. Soil penetration resistance, root growth and yield of maize as influenced by tillage system on ridges in Malawi. Soil and Tillage Research 41:13-24.
    • (1997) Soil and Tillage Research , vol.41 , pp. 13-24
    • Materechera, S.A.1    Mloza-Banda, H.R.2
  • 27
    • 34248152588 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term impact of reduced tillage and residue management on soil carbon stabilization: Implications for conservation agriculture on contrasting soils
    • Chivenge, P.P., Murwira, H.K., Giller, K.E., Mapfumo, P., and Six, J. 2007. Long-term impact of reduced tillage and residue management on soil carbon stabilization: Implications for conservation agriculture on contrasting soils. Soil and Tillage Research 94(2):328-337.
    • (2007) Soil and Tillage Research , vol.94 , Issue.2 , pp. 328-337
    • Chivenge, P.P.1    Murwira, H.K.2    Giller, K.E.3    Mapfumo, P.4    Six, J.5
  • 28
    • 84891878382 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conservation agriculture systems for Malawian smallholder farmers: Long-term effects on crop productivity profitability, and soil quality
    • Ngwira, A.R., Thierfelder, C., and Lambert, D.M. 2012. Conservation agriculture systems for Malawian smallholder farmers: Long-term effects on crop productivity profitability, and soil quality. Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems 1(1): 1-14.
    • (2012) Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems , vol.1 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-14
    • Ngwira, A.R.1    Thierfelder, C.2    Lambert, D.M.3
  • 30
    • 84862594114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of conservation agriculture on soil quality and productivity in contrasting agro-ecological environments of Zimbabwe
    • Thierfelder, C. and Wall, P.C. 2012. Effects of conservation agriculture on soil quality and productivity in contrasting agro-ecological environments of Zimbabwe. Soil Use and Management 28(2):209-220.
    • (2012) Soil Use and Management , vol.28 , Issue.2 , pp. 209-220
    • Thierfelder, C.1    Wall, P.C.2
  • 31
    • 0019150066 scopus 로고
    • Nitrogen and phosphorus losses in runoff from no-till soybeans
    • McDowell, L. and McGregor, K. 1980. Nitrogen and phosphorus losses in runoff from no-till soybeans. Transactions of the ASAE 23(3):643-648.
    • (1980) Transactions of the ASAE , vol.23 , Issue.3 , pp. 643-648
    • McDowell, L.1    McGregor, K.2
  • 32
    • 84859208194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dirt poor: The key to tackling hunger in Africa is enriching its soil. The big debate is about how to do it
    • Gilbert, N. 2012. Dirt poor: The key to tackling hunger in Africa is enriching its soil. The big debate is about how to do it. Nature 483:525-527.
    • (2012) Nature , vol.483 , pp. 525-527
    • Gilbert, N.1
  • 36
    • 34247536650 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tailoring Conservation Agriculture to the needs of small farmers in developing countries: An analysis of issues
    • Wall, P.C. 2007. Tailoring Conservation Agriculture to the needs of small farmers in developing countries: An analysis of issues. Journal of Crop Improvement 19(1/2):137-155.
    • (2007) Journal of Crop Improvement , vol.19 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 137-155
    • Wall, P.C.1
  • 40
    • 0038418048 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing the impact of the Green Revolution, 1960 to 2000
    • Evenson, R.E. and Gollin, D. 2003. Assessing the impact of the Green Revolution, 1960 to 2000. Science 300(5620):758-762.
    • (2003) Science , vol.300 , Issue.5620 , pp. 758-762
    • Evenson, R.E.1    Gollin, D.2
  • 41
    • 33847350846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conservation agriculture: What is it and why is it important for future sustainable food production?
    • Hobbs, P.R. 2007. Conservation agriculture: what is it and why is it important for future sustainable food production? Journal of Agricultural Science 145:127-137.
    • (2007) Journal of Agricultural Science , vol.145 , pp. 127-137
    • Hobbs, P.R.1
  • 42
    • 84856868773 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conservation agriculture in maize- and wheat-based systems in the (sub)tropics: Lessons from adaptation initiatives in South Asia, Mexico, and Southern Africa
    • Erenstein, O., Sayre, K., Wall, P., Hellin, J., and Dixon, J. 2012. Conservation agriculture in maize- and wheat-based systems in the (sub)tropics: Lessons from adaptation initiatives in South Asia, Mexico, and Southern Africa. Journal of Sustainable Agriculture 36(2):180-206.
    • (2012) Journal of Sustainable Agriculture , vol.36 , Issue.2 , pp. 180-206
    • Erenstein, O.1    Sayre, K.2    Wall, P.3    Hellin, J.4    Dixon, J.5
  • 46
    • 33846141438 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution of the plow over 10,000 years and the rationale for no-till farming
    • Lal, R., Reicosky, D.C., and Hanson, J.D. 2007. Evolution of the plow over 10,000 years and the rationale for no-till farming. Soil and Tillage Research 93(1):1-12.
    • (2007) Soil and Tillage Research , vol.93 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-12
    • Lal, R.1    Reicosky, D.C.2    Hanson, J.D.3
  • 47
    • 0242659164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Advances in tillage research in North American cropping systems
    • Reicosky, D.C. and Allmaras, R.R. 2003. Advances in tillage research in North American cropping systems. Journal of Crop Production 8(1-2):75-125.
    • (2003) Journal of Crop Production , vol.8 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 75-125
    • Reicosky, D.C.1    Allmaras, R.R.2
  • 48
    • 84876904694 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overview of the global spread of conservation agriculture
    • Available at accessed February 5, 2014
    • Friedrich, T., Derpsch, R. and Kassam, A. 2012. Overview of the global spread of conservation agriculture. Field Actions Science Reports, Special Issue. 6. Available at http://factsreports.revues.org/1941 (accessed February 5, 2014).
    • (2012) Field Actions Science Reports
    • Friedrich, T.1    Derpsch, R.2    Kassam, A.3
  • 51
    • 69449101358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conservation agriculture and smallholder farming in Africa: The heretic's view
    • Giller, K.E., Witter, E., Corbeels, M., and Tittonell, P. 2009. Conservation agriculture and smallholder farming in Africa: The heretic's view. Field Crops Research 114:23-34.
    • (2009) Field Crops Research , vol.114 , pp. 23-34
    • Giller, K.E.1    Witter, E.2    Corbeels, M.3    Tittonell, P.4
  • 52
    • 84988233042 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • accessed December 1, 2009
    • http://conservationag.wordpress.com/2009/12/01/ken-gillers-paper-on-conservation-agriculture/ (accessed December 1, 2009).
  • 53
    • 84860520411 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • No silver bullets for African soil problems
    • Giller, K.E. 2012. No silver bullets for African soil problems. Nature 485:41.
    • (2012) Nature , vol.485 , pp. 41
    • Giller, K.E.1
  • 54
    • 84860260525 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reaping the benefits of no-tillage farming
    • Buffet, H.W. 2012. Reaping the benefits of no-tillage farming. Nature 484:455.
    • (2012) Nature , vol.484 , pp. 455
    • Buffet, H.W.1
  • 56
    • 72149124485 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The diversity of rural livelihoods and their influence on soil fertility in agricultural systems of East Africa - A typology of smallholder farms
    • Tittonell, P., Muriuki, A., Shepherd, K.D., Mugendi, D., Kaizzi, K.C., Okeyo, J., Verchot, L., Coe, R., and Vanlauwe, B. 2010. The diversity of rural livelihoods and their influence on soil fertility in agricultural systems of East Africa - A typology of smallholder farms. Agricultural Systems 103(2):83-97.
    • (2010) Agricultural Systems , vol.103 , Issue.2 , pp. 83-97
    • Tittonell, P.1    Muriuki, A.2    Shepherd, K.D.3    Mugendi, D.4    Kaizzi, K.C.5    Okeyo, J.6    Verchot, L.7    Coe, R.8    Vanlauwe, B.9
  • 57
    • 33947674849 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heterogeneity of crop productivity and resource use efficiency within smallholder Kenyan farms: Soil fertility gradients or management intensity gradients?
    • Tittonell, P., Vanlauwe, B., de Ridder, N., and Giller, K.E. 2007. Heterogeneity of crop productivity and resource use efficiency within smallholder Kenyan farms: Soil fertility gradients or management intensity gradients? Agricultural Systems 94(2):376-390.
    • (2007) Agricultural Systems , vol.94 , Issue.2 , pp. 376-390
    • Tittonell, P.1    Vanlauwe, B.2    De Ridder, N.3    Giller, K.E.4
  • 58
    • 0004561309 scopus 로고
    • Conservation Tillage in Zimbabwe: Evaluation of Several Techniques for the Development of Sustainable Crop Production Systems in Smallholder Farming
    • University of Berne, Switzerland
    • Vogel, H. 1994. Conservation Tillage in Zimbabwe: Evaluation of Several Techniques for the Development of Sustainable Crop Production Systems in Smallholder Farming [African Studies Series A11]. University of Berne, Switzerland.
    • (1994) African Studies Series A11
    • Vogel, H.1
  • 61
    • 69249234029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review of experiences and developments towards Conservation Agriculture and related systems in Zimbabwe
    • T. Goddard, M.A. Zoebisch, Y. T. Gan, W. Ellis, A. Watson and S. Sombatpanit, (eds). World Association of Soil and Water Conservation, Bangkok, Thailand, Special publication No. 3
    • Nyagumbo, I. 2008. A review of experiences and developments towards Conservation Agriculture and related systems in Zimbabwe. In T. Goddard, M.A. Zoebisch, Y. T. Gan, W. Ellis, A. Watson and S. Sombatpanit, (eds). No-Till Farming Systems. World Association of Soil and Water Conservation, Bangkok, Thailand, Special publication No. 3. p. 345-372.
    • (2008) No-Till Farming Systems , pp. 345-372
    • Nyagumbo, I.1
  • 63
    • 79960999534 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Start, end and dry spells of the growing season in semi-arid southern Zimbabwe
    • Mupangwa, W., Walker, S., and Twomlow, S. 2011. Start, end and dry spells of the growing season in semi-arid southern Zimbabwe. Journal of Arid Environments 75(11):1097-1104.
    • (2011) Journal of Arid Environments , vol.75 , Issue.11 , pp. 1097-1104
    • Mupangwa, W.1    Walker, S.2    Twomlow, S.3
  • 64
    • 4344677228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dry spell frequencies and their variability over Southern Africa
    • Usman, M.T. and Reason, C. 2004. Dry spell frequencies and their variability over Southern Africa. Climate Research 26(3):199-211.
    • (2004) Climate Research , vol.26 , Issue.3 , pp. 199-211
    • Usman, M.T.1    Reason, C.2
  • 65
    • 84871993836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cumulative effects of reduced tillage and mulching on soil properties under semi-arid conditions
    • Mupangwa, W., Twomlow, S., and Walker, S. 2013. Cumulative effects of reduced tillage and mulching on soil properties under semi-arid conditions. Journal of Arid Environments 91:45-52.
    • (2013) Journal of Arid Environments , vol.91 , pp. 45-52
    • Mupangwa, W.1    Twomlow, S.2    Walker, S.3
  • 66
    • 80054074363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simulating the impact of no-till systems on field water fluxes and maize productivity under semi-arid conditions
    • Mupangwa, W. and Jewitt, G. 2011. Simulating the impact of no-till systems on field water fluxes and maize productivity under semi-arid conditions. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C 36(14):1004-1011.
    • (2011) Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C , vol.36 , Issue.14 , pp. 1004-1011
    • Mupangwa, W.1    Jewitt, G.2
  • 67
    • 57749175320 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Soil microbial biomass and mineralization of aggregate protected carbon in fallow-maize systems under conventional and no-tillage in Central Zimbabwe
    • Nyamadzawo, G., Nyamangara, J., Nyamugafata, P., and Muzulu, A. 2009. Soil microbial biomass and mineralization of aggregate protected carbon in fallow-maize systems under conventional and no-tillage in Central Zimbabwe. Soil and Tillage Research 102(1):151-157.
    • (2009) Soil and Tillage Research , vol.102 , Issue.1 , pp. 151-157
    • Nyamadzawo, G.1    Nyamangara, J.2    Nyamugafata, P.3    Muzulu, A.4
  • 68
    • 84860471293 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduced tillage, mulching and rotational effects on maize (Zea mays L.), cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (Walp) L.) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. (Moench)) yields under semiarid conditions
    • Mupangwa, W., Twomlow, S., and Walker, S. 2012. Reduced tillage, mulching and rotational effects on maize (Zea mays L.), cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (Walp) L.) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. (Moench)) yields under semiarid conditions. Field Crops Research 132:139-148.
    • (2012) Field Crops Research , vol.132 , pp. 139-148
    • Mupangwa, W.1    Twomlow, S.2    Walker, S.3
  • 69
  • 70
    • 0026014337 scopus 로고
    • Surface crusting in two alluvial soils of northern Niger
    • Valentin, C. 1991. Surface crusting in two alluvial soils of northern Niger. Geoderma 48:201-222.
    • (1991) Geoderma , vol.48 , pp. 201-222
    • Valentin, C.1
  • 71
    • 18144408635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tillage and soil compaction
    • L. Garcia-Torres, J. Benites, A. Martinez-Vilela and A. Holgado-Cabrera (eds). Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht
    • McGarry, D. 2003. Tillage and soil compaction. In L. Garcia-Torres, J. Benites, A. Martinez-Vilela and A. Holgado-Cabrera (eds). Conservation Agriculture. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht. p. 307-316.
    • (2003) Conservation Agriculture , pp. 307-316
    • McGarry, D.1
  • 72
    • 76449084152 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short-term effects of conservation agriculture on Vertisols under tef (Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter) in the northern Ethiopian highlands
    • Oicha, T., Cornelis, W.M., Verplancke, H., Nyssen, J., Govaerts, B., Behailu, M., Haile, M., and Deckers, J. 2010. Short-term effects of conservation agriculture on Vertisols under tef (Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter) in the northern Ethiopian highlands. Soil and Tillage Research 106(2):294-302.
    • (2010) Soil and Tillage Research , vol.106 , Issue.2 , pp. 294-302
    • Oicha, T.1    Cornelis, W.M.2    Verplancke, H.3    Nyssen, J.4    Govaerts, B.5    Behailu, M.6    Haile, M.7    Deckers, J.8
  • 73
    • 84868683578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparative analysis of conservation agriculture systems: Benefits and challenges of rotations and intercropping in Zimbabwe
    • Thierfelder, C., Cheesman, S., and Rusinamhodzi, L. 2012. A comparative analysis of conservation agriculture systems: Benefits and challenges of rotations and intercropping in Zimbabwe. Field Crops Research 137:237-250.
    • (2012) Field Crops Research , vol.137 , pp. 237-250
    • Thierfelder, C.1    Cheesman, S.2    Rusinamhodzi, L.3
  • 77
    • 84859944741 scopus 로고
    • Observations on earthworm channels and infiltration on tilled and untilled Loess soils
    • Ehlers, W. 1975. Observations on earthworm channels and infiltration on tilled and untilled Loess soils. Soil Science 119:73-77.
    • (1975) Soil Science , vol.119 , pp. 73-77
    • Ehlers, W.1
  • 78
    • 84859591726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Soil carbon dynamics as influenced by tillage and crop residue management in loamy sand and sandy loam soils under smallholder farmers' conditions in Malawi
    • Ngwira, A., Sleutel, S., and De Neve, S. 2012. Soil carbon dynamics as influenced by tillage and crop residue management in loamy sand and sandy loam soils under smallholder farmers' conditions in Malawi. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 92(3):315-328.
    • (2012) Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems , vol.92 , Issue.3 , pp. 315-328
    • Ngwira, A.1    Sleutel, S.2    De Neve, S.3
  • 79
    • 67349132812 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An assessment of the sustainable uptake of conservation farming in Zimbabwe
    • International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe
    • Mazvimavi, K., Twomlow, S., Belder, P., and Hove, L. 2008. An assessment of the sustainable uptake of conservation farming in Zimbabwe. Global Theme on Agroecosystems Report no. 39. International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe.
    • (2008) Global Theme on Agroecosystems Report
    • Mazvimavi, K.1    Twomlow, S.2    Belder, P.3    Hove, L.4
  • 80
    • 84867833151 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of hand-hoe based conservation agriculture on soil fertility and maize yield in selected smallholder areas in Zimbabwe
    • Nyamangara, J., Masvaya, E.N., Tirivavi, R., and Nyengerai, K. 2013. Effect of hand-hoe based conservation agriculture on soil fertility and maize yield in selected smallholder areas in Zimbabwe. Soil and Tillage Research 126:19-25.
    • (2013) Soil and Tillage Research , vol.126 , pp. 19-25
    • Nyamangara, J.1    Masvaya, E.N.2    Tirivavi, R.3    Nyengerai, K.4
  • 81
    • 84864543086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maize-grain legume intercropping is an attractive option for ecological intensification that reduces climatic risk for smallholder farmers in central Mozambique
    • Rusinamhodzi, L., Corbeels, M., Nyamangara, J., and Giller, K.E. 2012. Maize-grain legume intercropping is an attractive option for ecological intensification that reduces climatic risk for smallholder farmers in central Mozambique. Field Crops Research 136:12-22.
    • (2012) Field Crops Research , vol.136 , pp. 12-22
    • Rusinamhodzi, L.1    Corbeels, M.2    Nyamangara, J.3    Giller, K.E.4
  • 82
    • 77954817076 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of cultivation practices on arable crop diseases
    • A.E. Titi (ed). CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL
    • Jordan, V.W.L. and Hutcheon, J.A. 2003. Influence of cultivation practices on arable crop diseases. In A.E. Titi (ed). Soil Tillage in Agroecosystems. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
    • (2003) Soil Tillage in Agroecosystems
    • Jordan, V.W.L.1    Hutcheon, J.A.2
  • 83
    • 0037494998 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multi-site, multi-season field tests demonstrate that herbicide seedcoating herbicide-resistance maize controls Striga spp. and increases yields in several African countries
    • Kanampiu, F.K., Kabambe, V., Massawe, C., Jasi, L., Friesen, D., Ransom, J.K., and Gressel, J. 2003. Multi-site, multi-season field tests demonstrate that herbicide seedcoating herbicide-resistance maize controls Striga spp. and increases yields in several African countries. Crop Protection 22(5):697-706.
    • (2003) Crop Protection , vol.22 , Issue.5 , pp. 697-706
    • Kanampiu, F.K.1    Kabambe, V.2    Massawe, C.3    Jasi, L.4    Friesen, D.5    Ransom, J.K.6    Gressel, J.7
  • 84
    • 84988279377 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integrated management of striga control in Malawi
    • Mloza-Banda, H.R. and Kabambe, V.H. 1997. Integrated management of striga control in Malawi. African Crop Science Journal 5(2):263-273.
    • (1997) African Crop Science Journal , vol.5 , Issue.2 , pp. 263-273
    • Mloza-Banda, H.R.1    Kabambe, V.H.2
  • 85
    • 41549142602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integrated management of Striga hermonthica, stemborers, and declining soil fertility in western Kenya
    • Vanlauwe, B., Kanampiu, F., Odhiambo, G.D., De Groote, H., Wadhams, L.J., and Khan, Z.R. 2008. Integrated management of Striga hermonthica, stemborers, and declining soil fertility in western Kenya. Field Crops Research 107(2):102-115.
    • (2008) Field Crops Research , vol.107 , Issue.2 , pp. 102-115
    • Vanlauwe, B.1    Kanampiu, F.2    Odhiambo, G.D.3    De Groote, H.4    Wadhams, L.J.5    Khan, Z.R.6
  • 87
    • 0030614065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review of plant disease, pathogen interactions and microbial antagonism under conservation tillage in temperate humid agriculture
    • Sturz, A.V., Carter, M.R., and Johnston, H.W. 1997. A review of plant disease, pathogen interactions and microbial antagonism under conservation tillage in temperate humid agriculture. Soil and Tillage Research 41(3-4):169-189.
    • (1997) Soil and Tillage Research , vol.41 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 169-189
    • Sturz, A.V.1    Carter, M.R.2    Johnston, H.W.3
  • 89
    • 71349087106 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cercospora zeina is the causal agent of grey leaf spot disease of maize in Southern Africa
    • Meisel, B., Korsman, J., Kloppers, F., and Berger, D. 2009. Cercospora zeina is the causal agent of grey leaf spot disease of maize in Southern Africa. European Journal of Plant Pathology 124(4):577-583.
    • (2009) European Journal of Plant Pathology , vol.124 , Issue.4 , pp. 577-583
    • Meisel, B.1    Korsman, J.2    Kloppers, F.3    Berger, D.4
  • 90
    • 0030847671 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Management practices to reduce gray leaf spot of maize
    • Ward, J.M.J., Laing, M.D., and Cairns, A.L.P. 1997. Management practices to reduce gray leaf spot of maize. Crop Science 37(4):1257-1262.
    • (1997) Crop Science , vol.37 , Issue.4 , pp. 1257-1262
    • Ward, J.M.J.1    Laing, M.D.2    Cairns, A.L.P.3
  • 93
    • 0010656932 scopus 로고
    • Influence of tillage and crop rotation on yield, stalk rot, and recovery of Fusarium and Trichoderma spp. from corn
    • Lipps, P.E. and Deep, I.W. 1991. Influence of tillage and crop rotation on yield, stalk rot, and recovery of Fusarium and Trichoderma spp. from corn. Plant Disease 75(8):5.
    • (1991) Plant Disease , vol.75 , Issue.8 , pp. 5
    • Lipps, P.E.1    Deep, I.W.2
  • 94
    • 84876971946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Benefits and challenges of crop rotations in maize-based conservation agriculture (CA) cropping systems of Southern Africa
    • Thierfelder, C., Cheesman, S., and Rusinamhodzi, L. 2012. Benefits and challenges of crop rotations in maize-based conservation agriculture (CA) cropping systems of Southern Africa. International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability 11(2):108-124.
    • (2012) International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability , vol.11 , Issue.2 , pp. 108-124
    • Thierfelder, C.1    Cheesman, S.2    Rusinamhodzi, L.3
  • 95
    • 84886087432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integration of conservation agriculture in smallholder farming systems of Southern Africa: Identification of key entry points
    • Thierfelder, C., Mombeyarara, T., Mango, N., and Rusinamhodzi, L. 2013. Integration of conservation agriculture in smallholder farming systems of Southern Africa: identification of key entry points. International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability 11(4):317-330.
    • (2013) International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability , vol.11 , Issue.4 , pp. 317-330
    • Thierfelder, C.1    Mombeyarara, T.2    Mango, N.3    Rusinamhodzi, L.4
  • 97
    • 84868227528 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conservation agriculture in eastern and southern provinces of Zambia: Long-term effects on soil quality and maize productivity
    • Thierfelder, C., Mwila, M., and Rusinamhodzi, L. 2013. Conservation agriculture in eastern and southern provinces of Zambia: Long-term effects on soil quality and maize productivity. Soil and Tillage Research 126:246-258.
    • (2013) Soil and Tillage Research , vol.126 , pp. 246-258
    • Thierfelder, C.1    Mwila, M.2    Rusinamhodzi, L.3
  • 98
    • 0035107728 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ecology of herbaceous perennial legumes: A review of characteristics that may provide management options for the control of salinity and waterlogging in dryland cropping systems
    • Cocks, P. 2001. Ecology of herbaceous perennial legumes: a review of characteristics that may provide management options for the control of salinity and waterlogging in dryland cropping systems. Crop and Pasture Science 52(2):137-151.
    • (2001) Crop and Pasture Science , vol.52 , Issue.2 , pp. 137-151
    • Cocks, P.1
  • 99
    • 84867858949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Regional Emergency Office for Southern Africa (REOSA), Johannesburg, South Africa. Network paper 02, January 2011
    • Mazvimavi, K. 2011. Socio-Economic Analysis of Conservation Agriculture in Southern Africa. Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Regional Emergency Office for Southern Africa (REOSA), Johannesburg, South Africa. Network paper 02, January 2011.
    • (2011) Socio-Economic Analysis of Conservation Agriculture in Southern Africa
    • Mazvimavi, K.1
  • 100
    • 84988277570 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Science in agricultural relief and development programs: The case of conservation farming in Zimbabwe
    • Mazvimavi, K., Twomlow, S., Murendo, C., and Musitini, T. 2007. Science in agricultural relief and development programs: The case of conservation farming in Zimbabwe. AAAE Conference Proceedings. p. 321-325.
    • (2007) AAAE Conference Proceedings , pp. 321-325
    • Mazvimavi, K.1    Twomlow, S.2    Murendo, C.3    Musitini, T.4
  • 101
    • 67349146387 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Socioeconomic and institutional factors influencing adoption of conservation agriculture by vulnerable households in Zimbabwe
    • Mazvimavi, K. and Twomlow, S. 2009. Socioeconomic and institutional factors influencing adoption of conservation agriculture by vulnerable households in Zimbabwe. Agricultural Systems 101:20-29.
    • (2009) Agricultural Systems , vol.101 , pp. 20-29
    • Mazvimavi, K.1    Twomlow, S.2
  • 102
    • 84859562444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On-farm evaluation of yield and economic benefit of short term maize legume intercropping systems under conservation agriculture in Malawi
    • Ngwira, A.R., Aune, J.B., and Mkwinda, S. 2012. On-farm evaluation of yield and economic benefit of short term maize legume intercropping systems under conservation agriculture in Malawi. Field Crops Research 132:149-157.
    • (2012) Field Crops Research , vol.132 , pp. 149-157
    • Ngwira, A.R.1    Aune, J.B.2    Mkwinda, S.3
  • 103
    • 84860482843 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conservation agriculture for small holder rainfed farming: Opportunities and constraints of new mechanized seeding systems
    • Johansen, C., Haque, M.E., Bell, R.W., Thierfelder, C., and Esdaile, R.J. 2012. Conservation agriculture for small holder rainfed farming: Opportunities and constraints of new mechanized seeding systems. Field Crops Research 132:18-32.
    • (2012) Field Crops Research , vol.132 , pp. 18-32
    • Johansen, C.1    Haque, M.E.2    Bell, R.W.3    Thierfelder, C.4    Esdaile, R.J.5
  • 105
    • 84867877440 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are smallholder Zambian farmers economists? A dual-analysis of farmers' expenditure in conservation and conventional agriculture systems
    • Umar, B.B., Aune, J.B., Johnsen, F.H., and Lungu, I.O. 2012. Are smallholder Zambian farmers economists? A dual-analysis of farmers' expenditure in conservation and conventional agriculture systems. Journal of Sustainable Agriculture 36(8):908-929.
    • (2012) Journal of Sustainable Agriculture , vol.36 , Issue.8 , pp. 908-929
    • Umar, B.B.1    Aune, J.B.2    Johnsen, F.H.3    Lungu, I.O.4
  • 106
    • 1342346206 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conservation farming in Zambia
    • IFPRI, Washington DC
    • Haggblade, S. and Tembo, G. 2003. Conservation farming in Zambia. EPTD Discussion Paper No. 108. IFPRI, Washington DC. p. 1-112.
    • (2003) EPTD Discussion Paper No. 108 , pp. 1-112
    • Haggblade, S.1    Tembo, G.2
  • 108
    • 33846306710 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conservation tillage practices in sub-Saharan Africa: The experience of Sassakawa Global 2000
    • Ito, M., Matsumoto, T., and Quinones, M.A. 2007. Conservation tillage practices in sub-Saharan Africa: The experience of Sassakawa Global 2000. Crop Protection 26:417-423.
    • (2007) Crop Protection , vol.26 , pp. 417-423
    • Ito, M.1    Matsumoto, T.2    Quinones, M.A.3
  • 109
    • 84880290412 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weed control in conservation agriculture systems of Zimbabwe: Identifying economical best strategies
    • Muoni, T., Rusinamhodzi, L., and Thierfelder, C. 2013. Weed control in conservation agriculture systems of Zimbabwe: identifying economical best strategies. Crop Protection 53:23-28.
    • (2013) Crop Protection , vol.53 , pp. 23-28
    • Muoni, T.1    Rusinamhodzi, L.2    Thierfelder, C.3
  • 110
    • 84925905110 scopus 로고
    • Environmental quality and issues of adoption research
    • Pampel, F. and van Es, J. 1977. Environmental quality and issues of adoption research. Rural Sociology 42(1):57-71.
    • (1977) Rural Sociology , vol.42 , Issue.1 , pp. 57-71
    • Pampel, F.1    Van Es, J.2
  • 111
    • 0028803583 scopus 로고
    • Profitability of soil and water conservation in Canada: A review
    • Stonehouse, D.P. 1995. Profitability of soil and water conservation in Canada: A review. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation 50(2):215-219.
    • (1995) Journal of Soil and Water Conservation , vol.50 , Issue.2 , pp. 215-219
    • Stonehouse, D.P.1
  • 112
    • 84910008039 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk and maize-based cropping systems for smallholder Malawi farmers using conservation agriculture technologies
    • Ngwira, A.R., Thierfelder, C., Eash, N., and Lambert, D.M. 2013. Risk and maize-based cropping systems for smallholder Malawi farmers using conservation agriculture technologies. Experimental Agriculture FirstView 1-21.
    • (2013) Experimental Agriculture FirstView , pp. 1-21
    • Ngwira, A.R.1    Thierfelder, C.2    Eash, N.3    Lambert, D.M.4
  • 114
    • 84893113835 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk and maize-based cropping systems for smallholder Malawi farmers using conservation agriculture technologies
    • Ngwira, R.A., Thierfelder, C., Eash, N.S., and Lambert, D.M. 2013. Risk and maize-based cropping systems for smallholder Malawi farmers using conservation agriculture technologies. Experimental Agriculture 49(4):483-503.
    • (2013) Experimental Agriculture , vol.49 , Issue.4 , pp. 483-503
    • Ngwira, R.A.1    Thierfelder, C.2    Eash, N.S.3    Lambert, D.M.4
  • 117
    • 0347416636 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maize as food and feed in intensive smallholder systems: Management options for improved integration in mixed farming systems of east and southern Africa
    • Romney, D.L., Thorne, P., Lukuyu, B., and Thornton, P.K. 2003. Maize as food and feed in intensive smallholder systems: management options for improved integration in mixed farming systems of east and southern Africa. Field Crops Research 84(1-2):159-168.
    • (2003) Field Crops Research , vol.84 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 159-168
    • Romney, D.L.1    Thorne, P.2    Lukuyu, B.3    Thornton, P.K.4
  • 118
    • 74149091913 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is an integrated farm more resilient against climate change? A micro-econometric analysis of portfolio diversification in African agriculture
    • Seo, S.N. 2010. Is an integrated farm more resilient against climate change? A micro-econometric analysis of portfolio diversification in African agriculture. Food Policy 35(1):32-40.
    • (2010) Food Policy , vol.35 , Issue.1 , pp. 32-40
    • Seo, S.N.1
  • 121
    • 77950842226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of lablab and velvet bean fallows in a maize production system for improved livestock feed supply in semiarid tropical Kenya
    • Njarui, D.M.G. and Mureithi, J.G. 2010. Evaluation of lablab and velvet bean fallows in a maize production system for improved livestock feed supply in semiarid tropical Kenya. Animal Production Science 50(3):193-202.
    • (2010) Animal Production Science , vol.50 , Issue.3 , pp. 193-202
    • Njarui, D.M.G.1    Mureithi, J.G.2
  • 122
    • 84877124371 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pushing the envelope? Maize production intensification and the role of cattle manure in recovery of degraded soils in smallholder farming areas of Zimbabwe
    • Rusinamhodzi, L., Corbeels, M., Zingore, S., Nyamangara, J., and Giller, K.E. 2013. Pushing the envelope? Maize production intensification and the role of cattle manure in recovery of degraded soils in smallholder farming areas of Zimbabwe. Field Crops Research 147:40-53.
    • (2013) Field Crops Research , vol.147 , pp. 40-53
    • Rusinamhodzi, L.1    Corbeels, M.2    Zingore, S.3    Nyamangara, J.4    Giller, K.E.5
  • 123
    • 84988260415 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exploring crop yield benefits of integrated water and nutrient management technologies in the Desert Margins of Africa: Experiences from semi-arid Zimbabwe
    • Nyagumbo, I. 2011. Exploring crop yield benefits of integrated water and nutrient management technologies in the Desert Margins of Africa: Experiences from semi-arid Zimbabwe. Vol. 1. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology 3:401-414.
    • (2011) Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology , vol.1-3 , pp. 401-414
    • Nyagumbo, I.1
  • 124
    • 31144476018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nitrogen cycling efficiencies through resource-poor African crop-livestock systems
    • Rufino, M.C., Rowe, E.C., Delve, R.J., and Giller, K.E. 2006. Nitrogen cycling efficiencies through resource-poor African crop-livestock systems. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 112(4):261-282.
    • (2006) Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment , vol.112 , Issue.4 , pp. 261-282
    • Rufino, M.C.1    Rowe, E.C.2    Delve, R.J.3    Giller, K.E.4
  • 125
    • 0036620274 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The logic of fodder legumes in Africa
    • Sumberg, J. 2002. The logic of fodder legumes in Africa. Food Policy 27(3):285-300.
    • (2002) Food Policy , vol.27 , Issue.3 , pp. 285-300
    • Sumberg, J.1
  • 126
    • 78651247079 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Competing use of organic resources, village-level interactions between farm types and climate variability in a communal area of NE Zimbabwe
    • Rufino, M.C., Dury, J., Tittonell, P., van Wijk, M.T., Herrero, M., Zingore, S., Mapfumo, P., and Giller, K.E. 2011. Competing use of organic resources, village-level interactions between farm types and climate variability in a communal area of NE Zimbabwe. Agricultural Systems 104(2):175-190.
    • (2011) Agricultural Systems , vol.104 , Issue.2 , pp. 175-190
    • Rufino, M.C.1    Dury, J.2    Tittonell, P.3    Van Wijk, M.T.4    Herrero, M.5    Zingore, S.6    Mapfumo, P.7    Giller, K.E.8
  • 127
    • 0035061708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implications of livestock feeding management on soil fertility in the smallholder farming systems of sub-Saharan Africa
    • Delve, R.J., Cadisch, G., Tanner, J.C., Thorpe, W., Thorne, P.J., and Giller, K.E. 2001. Implications of livestock feeding management on soil fertility in the smallholder farming systems of sub-Saharan Africa. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 84(3):227-243.
    • (2001) Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment , vol.84 , Issue.3 , pp. 227-243
    • Delve, R.J.1    Cadisch, G.2    Tanner, J.C.3    Thorpe, W.4    Thorne, P.J.5    Giller, K.E.6
  • 131
    • 0345354416 scopus 로고
    • The potential of maize-cowpea intercropping in low rainfall areas of Zimbabwe
    • Shumba, E., Dhilwayo, H., and Mukoko, O. 1990. The potential of maize-cowpea intercropping in low rainfall areas of Zimbabwe. Zimbabwe Journal of Agricultural Research 28:33-38.
    • (1990) Zimbabwe Journal of Agricultural Research , vol.28 , pp. 33-38
    • Shumba, E.1    Dhilwayo, H.2    Mukoko, O.3
  • 132
    • 35148899609 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term yield sustainability and financial returns from grain legume-maize intercrops on a sandy soil in subhumid north central Zimbabwe
    • Waddington, S.R., Mekuria, M., Siziba, S., and Karigwindi, J. 2007. Long-term yield sustainability and financial returns from grain legume-maize intercrops on a sandy soil in subhumid north central Zimbabwe. Experimental Agriculture 43(4):489-503.
    • (2007) Experimental Agriculture , vol.43 , Issue.4 , pp. 489-503
    • Waddington, S.R.1    Mekuria, M.2    Siziba, S.3    Karigwindi, J.4
  • 133
    • 33749513748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2 fixation capacity improves yield of a subsequent maize crop under Zimbabwean rain-fed conditions
    • 2 fixation capacity improves yield of a subsequent maize crop under Zimbabwean rain-fed conditions. Plant and Soil 287(1-2):327-336.
    • (2006) Plant and Soil , vol.287 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 327-336
    • Rusinamhodzi, L.1    Murwira, H.K.2    Nyamangara, J.3
  • 135
    • 0037353554 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Legumes: Importance and constraints to greater use
    • Graham, P.H. and Vance, C.P. 2003. Legumes: Importance and constraints to greater use. Plant Physiology 131(3):872-877.
    • (2003) Plant Physiology , vol.131 , Issue.3 , pp. 872-877
    • Graham, P.H.1    Vance, C.P.2
  • 136
    • 33751010771 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tillage system effects on weed ecology, herbicide activity and persistence: A review
    • Chauhan, B.S., Gill, G.S., and Preston, C. 2006. Tillage system effects on weed ecology, herbicide activity and persistence: A review. Animal Production Science 46(12):1557-1570.
    • (2006) Animal Production Science , vol.46 , Issue.12 , pp. 1557-1570
    • Chauhan, B.S.1    Gill, G.S.2    Preston, C.3
  • 137
    • 0028160678 scopus 로고
    • Weeds in single-crop conservation farming in Zimbabwe
    • Vogel, H. 1994. Weeds in single-crop conservation farming in Zimbabwe. Soil and Tillage Research 31:169-185.
    • (1994) Soil and Tillage Research , vol.31 , pp. 169-185
    • Vogel, H.1
  • 138
    • 69449092859 scopus 로고
    • The need for integrated weed management systems in smallholder conservation farming in Zimbabwe
    • Vogel, H. 1995. The need for integrated weed management systems in smallholder conservation farming in Zimbabwe. Der Tropenlandwirt 96:35-56.
    • (1995) Der Tropenlandwirt , vol.96 , pp. 35-56
    • Vogel, H.1
  • 139
    • 28244495920 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Potential of weed seedbanks for managing weeds: A review of recent New Zealand research
    • Rahman, A., James, T.K., and Grbavac, N. 2001. Potential of weed seedbanks for managing weeds: a review of recent New Zealand research. Weed Biology and Management 1(2):89-95.
    • (2001) Weed Biology and Management , vol.1 , Issue.2 , pp. 89-95
    • Rahman, A.1    James, T.K.2    Grbavac, N.3
  • 141
    • 39749168610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sustainable agricultural development in sub-Saharan Africa: The case for a paradigm shift in land husbandry
    • Gowing, J.W. and Palmer, M. 2008. Sustainable agricultural development in sub-Saharan Africa: the case for a paradigm shift in land husbandry. Soil Use and Management 24(1):92-99.
    • (2008) Soil Use and Management , vol.24 , Issue.1 , pp. 92-99
    • Gowing, J.W.1    Palmer, M.2
  • 142
    • 84860487439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nitrogen, weed management and economics with cover crops in conservation agriculture in a Mediterranean climate
    • Flower, K.C., Cordingley, N., Ward, P.R., and Weeks, C. 2012. Nitrogen, weed management and economics with cover crops in conservation agriculture in a Mediterranean climate. Field Crops Research 132:63-75.
    • (2012) Field Crops Research , vol.132 , pp. 63-75
    • Flower, K.C.1    Cordingley, N.2    Ward, P.R.3    Weeks, C.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.