Metal resources, use and criticality

Critical Metals Handbook

Volumn , Issue , 2013, Pages 1-19

  Graedel, T E ^a   Gunn, Gus ^b   Tercero Espinoza, Luis ^c  

^a YALE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b BRITISH GEOLOGICAL SURVEY   (United Kingdom)

^c FRAUNHOFER INSTITUTE FOR SYSTEMS AND INNOVATION RESEARCH ISI   (Germany)

Author keywords

Criticality assessment; Metal reserves; Metal resources; Metal use; Recycling

Indexed keywords

CRITICALITY (NUCLEAR FISSION); MINERALS; RECYCLING; SCRAP METAL REPROCESSING;

CRITICALITY ASSESSMENT; GLOBAL POPULATION; MODERN TECHNOLOGIES; SECONDARY MATERIALS;

METALS;

EID: 84987954926     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1002/9781118755341.ch1     Document Type: Chapter

References (36)

1. Angerer, G., Erdmann, L., Marscheider-Weidemann, F., Lüllmann, A., Scharp, M., Handke, V. and Marwede M. (2009) Rohstoffe für Zukunftstechnologien. Einfluss des branchenspezifischen Rohstoffbedarfs in rohstoffintensiven Zukunftstechnologien auf die zukünftige Rohstoffnachfrage. Stuttgart: Fraunhofer Institut für System- und Innovationsforschung ISI; Fraunhofer-IRB-Verlag, pp. 404.
2. Bardi, U. and Pagani, M. (2007) 'Peak Minerals' posted by Vernon C. in The Oil Drum: Europe. http://www. theoildrum.com/node/3086.
3. Buijs, B. and Sievers, H. (2012) Critical thinking about critical minerals: assessing risks related to resource security. Briefing paper within the Polinares FP7 project. Available from: http://www.clingendael.nl/ciep/publications/2011/.
4. Buijs, B., Sievers, H. and Tercero Espinoza, L.A. (2012) Limits to the critical raw materials approach. Waste and Resource Management, 165, WR4, 201-208.
5. Cathles, L. M. (2010) A path forward. Society for Economic Geologists Newsletter, No. 83, October 2010.
6. Cohen, D. (2007) Earth's natural wealth: an audit. New Scientist, 23 May, 34-41.
7. Crowson, P.C.F. (2011) Mineral reserves and future minerals availability. Mineral Economics 24, 1-6.
8. Cunningham, C.G., Zappettini, E.O., Waldo Vivallo S. et al. (2008) Quantitative mineral resource assessment of copper, molybdenum, silver and gold in undiscovered porphyry copper deposits in the Andes mountains of South America. USGS Open-File Report 2008-1253.
9. Duclos, S. J., Otto, J.P. and Konitzer, D.G. (2010) Design in an era of constrained resources. Mechanical Engineering 132/9, 36-40.
10. Eckelman, M., Reck, B.K. and Graedel, T.E. (2011) Exploring the global journey of nickel with Markov models. Journal of Industrial Ecology 16/3, 334-342.
11. Erdmann, L. and Graedel, T.E. (2011) The criticality of non-fuel minerals: A review of major approaches and analyses. Environmental Science and Technology 45, 7620-7630.
12. Ericsson, M and Söderholm, P. (2012) Mineral depletion and peak production. Polinares, Working Paper No. 7, September 2010.
13. European Commission (2003) Hydrogen Energy and Fuel Cells: A Vision of our Future. EUR 20719 EN.
14. European Commission (EC) (2010) Critical Raw Materials for the EU. Report of the ad-hoc working group on defining critical raw materials. http:// ec.europa.eu/enterprise/policies/raw-materials/ critical/index_en.htm.
15. Gilbert, N. (2009) The disappearing nutrient. Nature, 461, 716-718.
16. Giurco, D., Prior, T., Mudd, G., Mason, L and Behrisch, J. (2010) Peak minerals in Australia: A review of changing impacts and benefits. Prepared for CSIRO Minerals Down Under Flagship, by the Institute of Sustainable Futures (University of Technology, Sydney) and Department of Civil Engineering (Monash University), March 2012.
17. Graedel, T.E. and Allenby, B.R. (2010) Industrial Ecology and Sustainable Engineering, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ, USA.
18. Graedel, T.E. and Erdmann, L. (2012) Will metal scarcity impede routine industrial use. MRS Bulletin, 37, 325-331.
19. Graedel, T.E., Barr, R., Chandler, C. et al. (2012) Methodology of metal criticality. Environmental Science and Technology 46 1063-1070.
20. Hagelüken, C., Drielsmann, R. and Ven Den Broeck, K. (2012) Availability of metals and materials. In: Precious Materials Handbook (Hanau-Wolfgang, Germany: Umicore AG Co. KG.).
21. Hubbert, M.K. (1956) Nuclear energy and the fossil fuels. Presentation at the Spring Meeting of the Southern District, American Petroleum Institute, San Antonio, Texas, March 1956.
22. IEA (2008) World Energy Outlook 2007. China and India Insights. OECD/IEA 2007, Paris, France.
23. Kleijn, R. and van der Voet, E. (2010) Resource constraints in a hydrogen economy based on renewable energy sources: An exploration. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 14, 2784-2795.
24. Joint Research Council (2011) Critical metals in strategic energy technologies. (Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.).
25. Mikolajczak, C. and Harrower, M. (2012) Indium Sources and Applications. Minor Metals Conference, February 2012.
26. Morley, N. and Etherley, D. (2008) Material Security: Ensuring Resource Availability to the UK Economy. Oakedene Hollins: C-Tech Innovation Ltd: Chester, UK.
27. Nassar, N.T., Barr, R., Browning, M. et al., (2012) Criticality of the geological copper group. Environmental Science and Technology 46, 1071-1076.
28. National Research Council (2008) Minerals, Critical Minerals, and the U.S. Economy. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
29. Ragnarsdóttir, K.V. (2008) Rare metals getting rarer. Nature Geoscience. 1, 720-721.
30. Shell (2008) Shell Energy Scenarios to 2050. Shell International BV.
31. Sverdrup, H., Koca, D. and Robert, K.H. (2009) Towards a world of limits: The issue of human resource follies. Goldschmidt Conference Abstracts 2009.
32. U.S. Department of Energy (2010) Critical Materials Strategy. Washington, DC.
33. U.S. Department of Energy (2011) Critical Materials Strategy. Washington, DC.
34. USGS. (2002) Rare Earth Elements-Critical Resources for High Technology. U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 087-02.
35. USGS. (2010) Mineral Commodity Summaries 2010.
36. USGS. (2011) Mineral Commodity Summaries: Copper.