Is 6-month GRACE risk score a useful tool to predict stroke after an acute coronary syndrome?

Open Heart

Volumn 1, Issue 1, 2014, Pages

  Álvarez Álvarez, Belén ^a   Raposeiras Roubín, Sergio ^a   Abu Assi, Emad ^a   Cambeiro González, Cristina ^a   Gestal Romaní, Santiago ^a   López López, Andrea ^a   Bouzas Cruz, Noelia ^a   Castiñeira Busto, María ^a   Saidhodjayeva, Ozoda ^a   Redondo Diéguez, Alfredo ^a   López, Eva Pereira ^a   García Acuña, José María ^a   González Juanatey, José Ramón ^a  

^a University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela   (Spain)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANGIOTENSIN 2 RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; ANTITHROMBOCYTIC AGENT; BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; DIPEPTIDYL CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE INHIBITOR; WARFARIN;

ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME; ACUTE HEART INFARCTION; AGED; ARTICLE; ATRIAL FIBRILLATION; BRAIN ISCHEMIA; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; CHADS2 SCORE; CLINICAL PRACTICE; CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE; CONTROLLED STUDY; CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE; DIABETES MELLITUS; DISEASE REGISTRY; FEMALE; GLOMERULUS FILTRATION RATE; HEART MUSCLE REVASCULARIZATION; HEART RATE; HUMAN; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; HYPERTENSION; INCIDENCE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MEDICAL HISTORY; MORTALITY RATE; PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION; PREDICTION; PREDICTIVE VALUE; RECEIVER OPERATING CHARACTERISTIC; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; RISK FACTOR; SINUS RHYTHM; ST SEGMENT DEPRESSION; ST SEGMENT ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE; UNSTABLE ANGINA PECTORIS;

EID: 84984621904     PISSN: None     EISSN: 20533624     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1136/openhrt-2014-000123     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. Mooe T, Eriksson P, Stegmayr B. Ischemic stroke after acute myocardial infarction. Stroke 1997;28:762-7.
2. Witt BJ, Brown RD Jr, Jacobsen SJ, et al. A community-based study of stroke incidence after myocardial infarction. Ann Intern Med 2005;143:785-92.
3. Tanne D, Goldbourt U, Zion M, et al. Frequency and prognosis of stroke/TIA among 4808 survivors of acute myocardial infarction. The SPRINT Study Group. Stroke 1993;24:1490-5.
4. Witt BJ, Ballman KV, Brown RD Jr, et al. The incidence of stroke after myocardial infarction: a meta-analysis. Am J Med 2006;119:354.e1-9.
5. Budaj A, Flasinska K, Gore JM, et al. Magnitude of and risk factors for in-hospital and postdischarge stroke in patients with acute coronary syndromes: findings from a global registry of acute coronary events. Circulation 2005;111:3242-7.
6. Van De Graaff E, Dutta M, Das P, et al. Early coronary revascularization diminishes the risk of ischemic stroke with acute myocardial infarction. Stroke 2006;37:2546-51.
7. Maggioni AP, Franzosi MG, Santoro E, et al. The risk of stroke in patients with acute myocardial infarction after thrombolytic and antithrombotic treatment. N Engl J Med 1992;327:1-6.
8. Gage BF, Waterman AS, Shannon W, et al. Validation of clinical, classification schemes for predicting stroke: results from the National Registry of Atrial Fibrillation. JAMA 2001;285:2864-70.
9. Lip GY, Nieuwlaad R, Pisters R, et al. Refining clinical risk stratification for predicting stroke and thromboembolism in atrial fibrillation using a novel risk factor-bases approach: the euro heart survey on atrial fibrillation. Chest 2010;137:263-72.
10. Poçi D, Hartford M, Karisson T, et al. Role of the CHADS2 score in acute coronary syndromes. Risk of subsequent death or stroke in patients with and without atrial fibrillation. Chest 2012;141:1431-40.
11. Eagle KA, Lim MJ, Dabbous OH, et al.; GRACE Investigators. A validated prediction model for all forms of acute coronary syndrome: estimating the risk of 6-month postdischarge death in an international registry. JAMA 2004;291:2727-33.
12. Abu-Assi E, Ferreira-Gonzalez I, Ribera A, et al. Do GRACE (global registry of acute coronary events) risk scores still maintain their performance for predicting mortality in the era of contemporary management of acute coronary syndromes? Am Heart J 2013;160:826-34, e821-3.
13. Fox KA, Carruthers KF, Dunbar DR, et al. Underestimated and under-recognized. The late consequences of acute coronary syndrome (GRACE UK-Belgium study). Eur Heart J 2010;31:2755-64.
14. Fine JP, Gray R. A proporcional hazards model for the subdistrion of a competing risk. J Am Stat Assoc 1999;94:496-509.
15. Hanley JA, McNeil BJ. The meaning and use of the are under a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Radiology 1982;143:29-36.
16. Pencina MJ, D'Agostino RB Sr, D'Agostino RB Jr, et al. Evaluating the added predictive ability of a new marker: from area under the ROC curve to reclassification and beyond. Stat Med 2008;27:157-72.
17. Barra S, Providência R, Lourenço Gomes P, et al. Predicão do risco de evento cerebrovascular após um enfarte agudo de miocárdio. Rev Port Cardiol 2011;30:655-63.
18. Brammås A; Jakobsson S; Ulvenstam A, et al. Mortality after ischemic stroke in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Predictors and trends over time in Sweden. Stroke 2013;44:3050-5.
19. Mooe T, Olofsson BO, Eriksson P. Ischemic stroke. Impact of a recent myocardial infarction. Stroke 1999;30:997-1001.
20. Saczynski JS, Spencer FA, Gore JM, et al. Twenty-year trends in the incidence rates of stroke complicating acute myocardial infarction: Worcester Heart Attack Study. Arch Intern Med 2008;168:2104-10.
21. Steg PG, James SK, Atar D, et al.; The Task Force on the management of ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). ESC Guidelines for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation. Eur Heart J 2012;33:2569-619.
22. Hamm CW, Bassand JP, Agewall S, et al.; ESC Committee for Practice Guidelines. ESC Guidelines for the management of acute coronary syndromes in patients presenting without persistent ST-segment elevation. The Task Force for the management of acute coronary syndromes (ACS) in patients presenting without persistent ST-segment elevation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J 2011;32:2999-3054.
23. Barra S, Almeida I, Caetano F, et al. Stroke prediction with an adjusted R-CHA2DS2VASc score in a cohort of patients with a Myocardial Infartion. Thromb Res 2013;132:293-9.
24. Piccini JP, Stevens SR, Chang Y, et al. Renal dysfunction as a predictor of stroke and systemic embolism in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: validation of the R2CHADS2 Index in the ROCKET AF (Rivaroxaban Once-daily, oral, direct factor Xa inhibition Compared with vitamin K antagonism for prevention of stroke and Embolism Trial in Atrial Fibrillation) and ATRIA (AnTicoagulation and Risk factors In Atrial fibrillation) study cohorts. Circulation 2013;127:224-32.
25. Providencia R, Fernandes A, Paiva L, et al. Decreased glomerular filtration rate and markers of left atrial stasis in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. Cardiology 2013;124:3-10.
26. Holzmann MJ, Aastveit A, Hammar N, et al. Renal dysfunction increases the risk of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke in the general population. Ann Med 2012;44:607-15.
27. Mostofsky E, Wellenius GA, Noheria A, et al. Renal function predicts survival in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Cerebrovasc Dis 2009;28:88-94.
28. Wienbergen U, Weber MA, Muller CH, et al. Incidence, risk factors, and clinical outcome of stroke after acute myocardial infarction in clinical practice: mir and mitra study groups: myocardial infarction registry: maximal individual therapy in acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol 2001;87:782-5, A788.
29. [No authors listed]. Randomized trial of intravenous streptokinase, oral aspirin, both, or neither among 17,187 cases of suspected acute myocardial infarction: ISIS-2. ISIS-2 (Second International Study of Infarct Survival) Collaborative Group. J Am Coll Cardiol 1988;12(6 Suppl A):3A-13A.
30. Sampson UK, Pfeffer MA, McMurray JJ, et al. Predictors of stroke in high-risk patients after acute myocardial infarction: insights from the VALIANT trial. Eur Heart J 2007;28:685-91.
31. Park KL, Budaj A, Goldberg RJ, et al. Grace Investigators. Risk-prediction model for ischemic stroke in patients hospitalized with an acute coronary syndrome (from the global registry of acute coronary events [GRACE]. Am J Cardiol 2012;110:628-35.
32. Jakobsson S, Bergström L, Björklund F, et al. Risk of ischemic stroke after an acute myocardial infarction in patients with diabetes mellitus. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 2014;7:95-101.