Vagal Tone and Children’s Delay of Gratification: Differential Sensitivity in Resource-Poor and Resource-Rich Environments

Psychological Science

Volumn 27, Issue 6, 2016, Pages 885-893

  Sturge Apple, Melissa L ^a   Suor, Jennifer H ^a   Davies, Patrick T ^a   Cicchetti, Dante ^b   Skibo, Michael A ^c   Rogosch, Fred A ^d  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA   (United States)

^c State University of New York   (United States)

^d Mt Hope Family Center   (United States)

Author keywords

delay of gratification; evolutionary psychology; poverty; stress reactions

Indexed keywords

CHILD BEHAVIOR; DELAY DISCOUNTING; ENVIRONMENT; FEMALE; HUMAN; INFANT; MALE; PHYSIOLOGY; PRESCHOOL CHILD; RESPIRATORY SINUS ARRHYTHMIA; SOCIOECONOMICS; VAGUS NERVE;

CHILD BEHAVIOR; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; DELAY DISCOUNTING; ENVIRONMENT; FEMALE; HUMANS; INFANT; MALE; RESPIRATORY SINUS ARRHYTHMIA; SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS; VAGUS NERVE;

EID: 84983048019     PISSN: 09567976     EISSN: 14679280     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0956797616640269     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. L.S.AikenS.G.West (1991). Multiple regression: Testing and interpreting interactions. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
2. J.J.AllenA.S.ChambersD.N.Towers (2007). The many metrics of cardiac chronotropy: A pragmatic primer and a brief comparison of metrics. Biological Psychology, 74, 243–262.
3. T.Beauchaine (2001). Vagal tone, development, and Gray’s motivational theory: Toward an integrated model of autonomic nervous system functioning in psychopathology. Development and Psychopathology, 13, 183–214.
4. J.BelskyM.Pluess (2013). Beyond risk, resilience, and dysregulation: Phenotypic plasticity and human development. Development and Psychopathology, 25, 1243–1261.
5. J.BelskyL.SteinbergP.Draper (1991). Childhood experience, interpersonal development, and reproductive strategy: An evolutionary theory of socialization. Child Development, 62, 647–670.
6. C.BlairR.Peters (2003). Physiological and neurocognitive correlates of adaptive behavior in preschool among children in Head Start. Developmental Neuropsychology, 24, 479–497.
7. W.T.BoyceB.J.Ellis (2005). Biological sensitivity to context: I. An evolutionary–developmental theory of the origins and functions of stress reactivity. Development and Psychopathology, 17, 271–301.
8. J.F.BrosschotJ.F.Thayer (1998). Anger inhibition, cardiovascular recovery, and vagal function: A model of the link between hostility and cardiovascular disease. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 20, 326–332.
9. S.D.Calkins (2009). Regulatory competence and early disruptive behavior problems: The role of physiological regulation. In (Eds.), Biopsychosocial regulatory processes in the development of childhood behavioral problems (pp. 86–115). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
10. J.S.Chisholm (1999). Death, hope and sex: Steps to an evolutionary ecology of mind and morality. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
11. D.CicchettiM.Lynch (1993). Toward an ecological/transactional model of community violence and child maltreatment: Consequences for children’s development. Psychiatry, 56, 96–118.
12. M.DalyM.Wilson (2005). Carpe diem: Adaptation and devaluing the future. The Quarterly Review of Biology, 80, 55–60.
13. P.T.DaviesM.L.Sturge-AppleD.Cicchetti (2011). Interparental aggression and children’s adrenocortical reactivity: Testing an evolutionary model of allostatic load. Development and Psychopathology, 23, 801–814.
14. P.T.DaviesM.L.Sturge-AppleD.CicchettiL.G.ManningE.Zale (2009). Children’s patterns of emotional reactivity to conflict as explanatory mechanisms in links between interpartner aggression and child physiological functioning. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 50, 1384–1391.
15. N.EisenbergT.L.SpinradR.A.FabesM.ReiserA.CumberlandS.A.ShepardM.. Thompson (2004). The relations of effortful control and impulsivity to children’s resiliency and adjustment. Child Development, 75, 25–46.
16. B.J.EllisW.T.BoyceJ.BelskyM.J.Bakermans-KranenburgM.H.Van IJzendoorn (2011). Differential susceptibility to the environment: An evolutionary–neurodevelopmental theory. Development and Psychopathology, 23, 7–28.
17. B.J.EllisA.J.FigueredoB.H.BrumbachG.L.Schlomer (2009). Fundamental dimensions of environmental risk. Human Nature, 20, 204–268.
18. C.K.Enders (2001). The impact of nonnormality on full information maximum-likelihood estimation for structural equation models with missing data. Psychological Methods, 6, 352–370.
19. G.W.EvansK.English (2002). The environment of poverty: Multiple stressor exposure, psychophysiological stress, and socioemotional adjustment. Child Development, 73, 1238–1248.
20. T.W.FawcettJ.M.McNamaraA.I.Houston (2012). When is it adaptive to be patient? A general framework for evaluating delayed rewards. Behavioural Processes, 89, 128–136.
21. V.GriskeviciusJ.M.TyburA.W.DeltonT.E.Robertson (2011). The influence of mortality and socioeconomic status on risk and delayed rewards: A life history theory approach. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 100, 1015–1026.
22. P.D.HastingsJ.N.NuseloviciW.T.UtendaleJ.CoutyaK.E.McShaneC.Sullivan (2008). Applying the polyvagal theory to children’s emotion regulation: Social context, socialization, and adjustment. Biological Psychology, 79, 299–306.
23. J.HenrichS.J.HeineA.Norenzayan (2010). Most people are not WEIRD. Nature, 466, 29.
24. S.L.KidwellD.Barnett (2007). Adaptive emotion regulation among low-income African American children. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 53, 155–183.
25. L.J.LenguaM.ZalewskiP.FisherL.Moran (2013). Does HPA-axis dysregulation account for the effects of income on effortful control and adjustment in preschool children?Infant and Child Development, 22, 439–458.
26. R.J.A.Little (1988). A test of missing completely at random for multivariate data with missing values. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 83, 1198–1202.
27. S.MarcovitchJ.LeighS.D.CalkinsE.M.LeerksM.O’BrienA.N.Blankson (2010). Moderate vagal withdrawal in 3.5-year-old children is associated with optimal performance on executive function tasks. Developmental Psychobiology, 52, 603–608.
28. G.H.McClellandC.M.Judd (1993). Statistical difficulties of detecting interactions and moderator effects. Psychological Bulletin, 114, 376–390.
29. W.MischelE.B.Ebbesen (1970). Attention in delay of gratification. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 16, 329–337.
30. W.MischelY.ShodaM.I.Rodriguez (1989). Delay of gratification in children. Science, 244, 933–938.
31. L.K.MuthénB.O.Muthén (2012). Mplus user’s guide (7th ed.). Los Angeles, CA: Author.
32. S.W.PorgesJ.A.Doussard-RooseveltA.L.PortalesS.I.Greenspan (1996). Infant regulation of the vagal “brake” predicts child behavior problems: A psychobiological model of social behavior. Developmental Psychobiology, 29, 697–712.
33. S.W.PorgesS.A.Furman (2011). The early development of the autonomic nervous system provides a neural platform for social behaviour: A polyvagal perspective. Infant and Child Development, 20, 106–118.
34. K.J.PreacherP.J.CurranD.J.Bauer (2006). Computational tools for probing interactions in multiple linear regression, multilevel modeling, and latent curve analysis. Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 31, 437–448.
35. C.C.RaverS.M.JonesC.Li-GriningF.ZhaiK.BubE.Pressler (2011). CSRP’s impact on low-income preschoolers’ preacademic skills: Self-regulation as a mediating mechanism. Child Development, 82, 362–378.
36. R.A.RazzaK.Raymond (2013). Associations among maternal behavior, delay of gratification, and school readiness across the early childhood years. Social Development, 22, 180–196.
37. G.L.SchlomerS.BaumanN.A.Card (2010). Best practices for missing data management in counseling psychology. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 57, 1–10.
38. M.L.Sturge-AppleP.T.DaviesM.J.MartinD.CicchettiR.F.Hentges (2012). An examination of the impact of harsh parenting contexts on children’s adaptation within an evolutionary framework. Developmental Psychology, 48, 791–805.
39. P.E.SuessS.W.PorgesD.J.Plude (1994). Cardiac vagal tone and sustained attention in school-age children. Psychophysiology, 31, 17–22.
40. Z.E.TaylorN.EisenbergT.L.Spinrad (2015). Respiratory sinus arrhythmia, effortful control, and parenting as predictors of children’s sympathy across early childhood. Developmental Psychology, 51, 17–25.
41. E.L.ThibodeauG.J.AugustD.CicchettiF.J.Symons (2016). Application of environmental sensitivity theories in personalized prevention for youth substance abuse: A transdisciplinary translational perspective. Translational Behavioral Medicine, 6, 81–89.
42. M.J.West-Eberhard (2003). Developmental plasticity and evolution. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.