Flint, Environmental Racism, and Racial Capitalism

Capitalism, Nature, Socialism

Volumn 27, Issue 3, 2016, Pages 1-16

  Pulido, Laura ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OREGON   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84980018976     PISSN: 10455752     EISSN: 15483290     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/10455752.2016.1213013     Document Type: Editorial

References (79)

1. K.Abbey-Lambertz, Kate. 2013. “Michigan Emergency Manager Law in Effect in 6 Cities After Detroit Appointment (MAP).” HuffPost Detroit, March 15. Accessed May 17, 2016. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/03/15/michigan-emergency-manager-law-cities_n_2876777.html.
2. T.Almaguer, Tomás. 1994. Racial Fault Lines:The Historical Origins of White Supremacy in California. Berkeley:University of California Press.
3. American Civil Liberties Union of Michigan. 2016. “Here’s to Flint:Documentary on Flint Water Crisis.” March 8. Accessed June 5, 2016. http://www.aclumich.org/herestoflint.
4. M.Barrera, Mario. 1979. Race and Class in the Southwest. Notre Dame, IN:University of Notre Dame Press.
5. G.L.Boggs, Grace Lee. 2011. The Next American Revolution:Sustainable Activism for the Twenty-First Century. Berkeley:University of California Press.
6. E.Bonilla-Silva, Eduardo. 2004. “From Bi-Racial to Tri-Racial:Towards a New System of Racial Stratification in the USA.” Ethnic and Racial Studies 27 (6):931–950. doi:10.1080/0141987042000268530
7. J.Bosman, Julie, and M.SmithMitch. 2016. “Gov. Rick Snyder of Michigan Apologizes in Flint Water Crisis.” New York Times, January 19.
8. S.Carmody, Steve. 2016. “How the Flint River Got so Toxic.” The Verge, February 26. Accessed June 6, 2016. http://www.theverge.com/2016/2/26/11117022/flint-michigan-water-crisis-lead-pollution-history.
9. R.-C.Collard, Rosemary-Claire, and J.DempseyJessica. 2016. “Capitalist Natures in Five Orientations.” Capitalism Nature Socialism. doi:10.1080/10455752.2016.1202294.
10. J.Craven, and T.Tynes. 2016. “The Racist Roots Of Flint’s Water Crisis.” Huffington Post, February 3. Accessed May 5, 2016. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/racist-roots-of-flints-water-crisis_us_56b12953e4b04f9b57d7b118.
11. M.Del Toral, Miguel. 2015. “Memo from Miguel Del Toral to Thomas Poy, Environmental Protection Agency.” June 24. Accessed May 16, 2016. http://flintwaterstudy.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Miguels-Memo.pdf.
12. L.Duggan, Lisa. 2003. The Twilight of Equality? Neoliberalism, Cultural Politics, and the Attack on Democracy. Boston, MA:Beacon Press.
13. F.Fanon, Franz. 1965. The Wretched of the Earth. New York:Grove Press.
14. E.Galeano, Eduardo. 1973. Open Veins of Latin America. New York:Monthly Review.
15. D.Georgakas, Dan, and M.SurkinMarvin. 1975. Detroit:I Do Mind Dying:A Study in Urban Revolution. London:St. Martin’s Press.
16. S.George, Susan. 1990. A Fate Worse than Debt. New York:Grove Press.
17. R.W.Gilmore, Ruth Wilson. 1999. “‘You have Dislodged a Boulder’:Mothers and Prisoners in the Post Keynesian California Landscape.” Transforming Anthropology 8 (1/2):12–38. doi:10.1525/tran.1999.8.1-2.12
18. R.W.Gilmore, Ruth Wilson. 2002. “Fatal Couplings of Power and Difference:Notes on Racism and Geography.” The Professional Geographer 54 (1):15–24. doi:10.1111/0033-0124.00310
19. R.W.Gilmore, Ruth Wilson. 2007. The Golden Gulag:Prisons, Surplus, Crisis and Opposition in Globalizing California. Berkeley:University of California.
20. R.W.Gilmore, Ruth Wilson. 2008. “Forgotten Places and the Seeds of Grassroots Planning.” In Engaging Contradictions:Theory, Politics, and Methods of Activist Scholarship, edited by C.HaleCharles, 31–61. Berkeley:University of California.
21. J.Gonzalez, Juan. 2011. Harvest of Empire:A History of Latinos in America. New York:Penguin.
22. D.Harvey, David. 1989. The Limits to Capital. Chicago, IL:University of Chicago Press.
23. M.Haven, Max. 2014. Cultures of Financialization:Fictitious Capital in Popular Culture and Everyday Life. New York:Palgrave MacMillan.
24. A.Highsmith, Andrew. 2015. Demolition Means Progress:Flint Michigan and the Fate of the American Metropolis. Chicago, IL:University of Chicago.
25. P.J.Hudson, Peter James. 2016. “The Racist Dawn of Capitalism.” Boston Review, March 14. Accessed June 7, 2016. https://bostonreview.net/books-ideas/peter-james-hudson-slavery-capitalism.
26. S.Hulett, Sarah. 2015. “High Lead Levels in Michigan Kids After City Switches Water Source.” National Public Radio, September 29. Accessed May 9, 2016. http://www.npr.org/2015/09/29/444497051/high-lead-levels-in-michigan-kids-after-city-switches-water-source.
27. A.Jennings, Angel. 2016. “Murky Water at School Elicits Worries.” Los Angeles Times, May 12, B1, B6.
28. W.Johnson, Walter. 2013. River of Dark Dreams:Slavery and Empire in the Cotton Kingdom. Cambridge, MA:Belknap Press.
29. R.Kelley, Robin. 1990. Hammer and Hoe:Alabama Communists During the Great Depression. Chapel Hill:University of North Carolina Press.
30. L.C.La Berge, Leigh Claire. 2015. Scandals and Abstractions:Financial Fiction of the Long 1980s. New York:Oxford University Press.
31. R.Lake, Robert. 2015. “The Financialization of Urban Policy in the Age of Obama.” Journal of Urban Affairs 37 (1):75–78. doi:10.1111/juaf.12167
32. C.Lewis, Chris. 2013. “Does Michigan’s Emergency-Manager Law Disenfranchise Black Citizens?” The Atlantic, May 9. Accessed May 11, 2016. http://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2013/05/does-michigans-emergency-manager-law-disenfranchise-black-citizens/275639/.
33. P.Linebaugh, Peter. 2016. The Incomplete, True, Authentic, and Wonderful History of May Day. Oakland, CA:PM Press.
34. G.Lipsitz, George. 1998. The Possessive Investment in Whiteness. Philadelphia, PA:Temple University.
35. I.H.López, Ian Haney. 2014. Dog Whistle Politics:How Coded Appeals have Reinvented Racism and Wrecked the Middle Class. New York:Oxford University Press.
36. L.Lowe, Lisa. 2015. The Intimacies of Four Continents. Durham, NC:Duke University Press.
37. B.Madley, Benjamin. 2016. An American Genocide:The United States and the California Indian Catastrophe, 1846–1873. New Haven, CT:Yale University Press.
38. M.Marable, Manning. 1983. How Capitalism Underdeveloped Black America. Boston, MA:South End Press.
39. D.Marcum, Diana. 2014. “Carrying a Town’s Water.” Los Angeles Times, September 18, A1, A12.
40. J.Márquez, John. 2013. Black-Brown Solidarity:Racial Politics in the New Gulf South. Austin:University of Texas Press.
41. M.McIntryre, Michael, and H.NastHeidi. 2011. “Bio(necro)polis:Marx, Surplus Populations, and the Spatial Dialectics of Reproduction and ‘Race’.” Antipode 43 (5):1465–1488. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8330.2011.00906.x
42. J.Melamed, Jodi. 2006. “The Spirit of Neoliberalism:From Racial Liberalism to Neoliberal Multiculturalism.” Social Text 24 (4):1–24. doi:10.1215/01642472-2006-009
43. J.Melamed, Jodi. 2011. Represent and Destroy:Rationalizing Violence in the New Racial Capitalism. Minneapolis:University of Minnesota Press.
44. J.Melamed, Jodi. 2015. “Racial Capitalism.” Critical Ethnic Studies 1 (1):76–85. doi:10.5749/jcritethnstud.1.1.0076
45. Michigan Department of Treasury. n.d. “Emergency Manager Information.” Accessed June 6, 2016. http://www.michigan.gov/treasury/0,4679,7-121-1751_51556_64472---,00.html.
46. M.Mies, Maria. 1998. Patriarchy and Accumulation on a World Scale. London:Zed Books.
47. A.Newman, Andrew, L.CampbellLinda, S.SafranskySara, and T.StallmannTim. Forthcoming. Detroit:A People’s Atlas. Detroit, MI:Wayne State University Press.
48. J.O’Connor, James. 1973. Fiscal Crisis of the State. New York:St. Martin’s Press.
49. J.O’Connor, James. 1987. The Meaning of Crisis. Oxford:Blackwell.
50. M.Omi, Michael, and H.WinantHoward. 1986. Racial Formation in the United States. New York:Routledge.
51. L.Park, Lisa, and D.PellowDavid. 2011. The Slums of Aspen. New York:New York University Press.
52. M.Pearce, Matt. 2016. “In Michigan, it’s Crisis After Crisis.” Los Angeles Times, May 5, p. A8.
53. Pew Charitable Trusts. 2013. “The State Role in Local Government Financial Distress.” July 23. Accessed June 1, 2016. http://www.pewtrusts.org/en/research-and-analysis/reports/2013/07/23/the-state-role-in-local-government-financial-distress.
54. L.Pulido, Laura. 2000. “Rethinking Environmental Racism:White Privilege and Urban Development in Southern California.” Annals of the Association of American Geographers 90 (1):12–40. doi:10.1111/0004-5608.00182
55. L.Pulido, Laura. 2015. “Geographies of Race and Ethnicity I:White Supremacy vs White Privilege in Environmental Racism Research.” Progress in Human Geography 39 (6):1–9. doi:10.1177/0309132514563008
56. L.Pulido, Laura. 2016. “Geographies of Race and Ethnicity II:Environmental Racism, Racial Capitalism and State-Sanctioned Violence.” Progress in Human Geography. doi:10.1177/0309132516646495.
57. J.Quizar, Jessi. 2014. “Who Cares for Detroit? Urban Agriculture, Self-Determination, and Struggles over Urban Space.” Ph.D diss., University of Southern California.
58. M.Ranganathan, Malini. 2016. “Thinking With Flint:Racial Liberalism and the Roots of an American Water Tragedy.” Capitalism Nature Socialism. doi:10.1080/10455752.2016.1206583.
59. A.Resendez, Andres. 2016. The Other Slavery:The Uncovered Story of Indian Enslavement. New York:Houghton Mifflin.
60. C.Robinson, Cedric. 2000. Black Marxism:The Making of the Black Radical Tradition. Chapel Hill:University of North Carolina.
61. D.Roediger, David. 1990. The Wages of Whiteness:Race and the Making of the American Working Class. New York:Verso.
62. D.Roediger, David. 2008. How Race Survived US History:From Settlement and Slavery to the Obama Phenomenon. New York:Verso.
63. D.Roediger, David, and E.EschElizabeth. 2012. The Production of Difference:Race and the Management of Labor in US History. New York:Oxford University Press.
64. J.Rostan, June. 2001. “Inside-Out and Upside-Down:An Interview with Anne Braden.” Colorlines. Accessed June 10, 2016. http://www.colorlines.com/articles/inside-out-and-upside-down-interviw-anne-braden.
65. E.Said, Edward. 1979. Orientalism. New York:Vintage.
66. J.Salzman, James. 2012. Drinking Water:A History. New York:Overlook.
67. E.San Juan,. 1992. Racial Formations/Critical Transformations. Atlantic Highlands, NJ:Humanities Press.
68. A.Saxton, Alexander. [1971] 1995. The Indispensable Enemy:Labor and the Anti-Chinese Movement in California. Berkeley:University of California Press.
69. A.Simpson, Audra. 2014. Mohawk Interruptus:Political Life Across the Borders of Settler States. Durham, NC:Duke University Press.
70. S.Smith, Stacey. 2013. Freedom’s Frontier:California and the Struggle over Unfree Labor, Emancipation, and Reconstruction. Chapel Hill:University of North Carolina.
71. L.Smith, Lindsey. 2016. “After Blowing the Whistle on the Flint’s Water, EPA “Rogue Employee” has Been Silent. Until Now.” Michigan Radio, January 21. Accessed June 6, 2016. http://michiganradio.org/post/after-blowing-whistle-flints-water-epa-rogue-employee-has-been-silent-until-now#stream/0.
72. US Census Bureau. 2015. “QuickFacts:Flint City, Michigan.” Accessed June 6, 2016. https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/table/INC110214/2629000.
73. C.Williams, Charles. 2013. “Detroit Now Has a White, Republican Mayor and City Council:State Take Over Coming to a Black City Near You.” Huffpost Black Voices, March 18. Accessed May 17, 2016. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/reverend-charles-e-williams-iii/detroit-now-has-a-white-r_b_2885126.html.
74. B.Wilson, Bobby. 1992. “Structural Imperatives Behind Racial Change in Birmingham, Alabama.” Antipode 24 (3):171–202. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8330.1992.tb00440.x
75. W.J.Wilson, William Julius. 1980. The Declining Significance of Race. Chicago, IL:University of Chicago.
76. H.Winant, Howard. 2001. The World is a Ghetto:Race and Democracy Since World War II. New York:Basic Books.
77. C.Woods, Clyde. 1998. Development Arrested:The Blues and Plantation Power in the Mississippi Delta. New York:Verso.
78. M.Wright, Melissa. 2006. Disposable Women and Other Myths of Global Capitalism. New York:Routledge.
79. M.Yates, Michelle. 2011. “The Human as Waste, the Labor Theory of Value and Disposability in Contemporary Capitalism.” Antipode 43 (5):1679–1695. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8330.2011.00900.x