메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 25, Issue 2, 2001, Pages 101-141

Umkehrwalze d: Enigma’s rewirable reflector - part I

(1)  Marks, Philip a  

a NONE   (United States)

Author keywords

Autoscritcher; Dora walze; Duenna; Enigma; Giant; Hand duenna; Ogre; Stecker knock out enigma; Uhr; Umkehrwalze D; Uncle dick; Uncle dora

Indexed keywords


EID: 84979696056     PISSN: 01611194     EISSN: 15581586     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/0161-110191889842     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (9)

References (107)
  • 5
    • 9744282655 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Paperback edition published in 2000 by Cassell & Co, London. Originally published in Great Britain by Weidenfeld & Nicolson in 1999
    • Blair, Clay. 1998. Hitler’s U-Boat War, Volume 2, The Hunted 1942-1945. Paperback edition published in 2000 by Cassell & Co, London. Originally published in Great Britain by Weidenfeld & Nicolson in 1999.
    • (1998) Hitler’s U-Boat War, Volume 2, the Hunted 1942-1945.
    • Blair, C.1
  • 6
    • 85023850270 scopus 로고
    • NARA HCC, Box ZEMA192, NR 4416
    • Bletchly [Sic] Park Memorandums. 1944. NARA HCC, Box ZEMA192, NR 4416.
    • (1944)
  • 7
    • 84950917277 scopus 로고
    • Reprinted in Cryptology Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow, Cipher A. Deavours, David Kahn, Louis Kruh, Greg Mellen, and Brian Winkel(Editors). Norwood, MA: Artech House
    • Bloch, Gilbert and Ralph Erskine. 1986. Enigma: The Dropping of the Double Encipherment. Cryptologia. 10(3): 134-141. Reprinted in Cryptology Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow, Cipher A. Deavours, David Kahn, Louis Kruh, Greg Mellen, and Brian Winkel (Editors). Norwood, MA: Artech House, 1987.
    • (1986) Enigma: The Dropping of The Double Encipherment. Cryptologia , vol.10 , Issue.3 , pp. 134-141
    • Bloch, G.1    Ralph, E.2
  • 8
    • 85023836098 scopus 로고
    • NARA HCC, Box CBCB28, NR 857
    • British Bombe. 1945. NARA HCC, Box CBCB28, NR 857.
    • (1945)
    • Bombe, B.1
  • 9
    • 85023893748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • German Bombe
    • Cryptographic Codes and Ciphers: German Bombe. NARA HCC, Box ZEMA198, NR 4441.
  • 10
    • 85023840408 scopus 로고
    • st
    • st, 1943.
    • (1943)
  • 11
    • 85023827439 scopus 로고
    • th
    • th, 1944.
    • (1944)
  • 12
    • 85023856979 scopus 로고
    • st
    • st, 1945.
    • (1945)
  • 13
    • 85023857028 scopus 로고
    • th
    • th, 1945.
    • (1945)
  • 14
    • 85023819455 scopus 로고
    • th
    • th, 1945.
    • (1945)
  • 15
    • 84975173842 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Bombe: A Remarkable Logic Machine
    • Davies, Donald W. 1999. The Bombe: A Remarkable Logic Machine. Cryptologia. 23(2): 108-138.
    • (1999) Cryptologia , vol.23 , Issue.2 , pp. 108-138
    • Davies, D.W.1
  • 18
    • 84889099365 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Development of Typex
    • The Enigma Press, Krakow
    • Erskine, Ralph. 1997. The Development of Typex. The Enigma Bulletin. 2: 69-86. The Enigma Press, Krakow.
    • (1997) The Enigma Bulletin. , vol.2 , pp. 69-86
    • Erskine, R.1
  • 19
    • 0038590863 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Naval Enigma: An Astonishing Blunder
    • Erskine, Ralph. 1996. Naval Enigma: An Astonishing Blunder. Intelligence and National Security. 11(3): 468-473.
    • (1996) Intelligence and National Security , vol.11 , Issue.3 , pp. 468-473
    • Erskine, R.1
  • 20
    • 84919910606 scopus 로고
    • Naval Enigma: M4 and Its Rotors
    • Erskine, Ralph and Frode Weierud. 1987. Naval Enigma: M4 and Its Rotors. Cryptologia. 11(4): 235-244.
    • (1987) Cryptologia , vol.11 , Issue.4 , pp. 235-244
    • Erskine, R.1    Weierud, F.2
  • 22
    • 85023841636 scopus 로고
    • Capt. Walter J. Fried, Reports/SSA Liaison With GCCS. NARA HCC, Box CBMH15, NR 2612
    • Fried, Walter J. 1944. Capt. Walter J. Fried, Reports/SSA Liaison With GCCS. NARA HCC, Box CBMH15, NR 2612.
    • (1944)
    • Fried, W.J.1
  • 23
    • 85023790412 scopus 로고
    • Report F#4. March 16th
    • th, 1944.
    • (1944)
    • Fried, W.J.1
  • 24
    • 85023794484 scopus 로고
    • Report F#8. March 23rd
    • rd, 1944.
    • (1944)
    • Fried, W.J.1
  • 25
    • 85023853191 scopus 로고
    • Report F#19. April 10th
    • th. 1944.
    • (1944)
    • Fried, W.J.1
  • 26
    • 85023894508 scopus 로고
    • Report F#45. June 4th
    • th, 1944.
    • (1944)
    • Fried, W.J.1
  • 27
    • 85023845869 scopus 로고
    • Report F#53. June 29th
    • th, 1944.
    • (1944)
    • Fried, W.J.1
  • 28
    • 85023849741 scopus 로고
    • Report F#62. July 13th
    • Fried, Walter J. Report F#62. July 13th, 1944.
    • (1944)
    • Fried, W.J.1
  • 29
    • 85023879789 scopus 로고
    • Report F#66. July 26th
    • th, 1944.
    • (1944)
    • Fried, W.J.1
  • 30
    • 85023878238 scopus 로고
    • Report F#73. August 8th
    • th, 1944.
    • (1944)
    • Fried, W.J.1
  • 31
    • 85023854045 scopus 로고
    • Report F#88. September 6th
    • th, 1944.
    • (1944)
    • Fried, W.J.1
  • 33
    • 84979696049 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enigma Variations: An Extended Family of Machines
    • Hamer, David H., Geoff Sullivan, and Frode Weierud. 1998. Enigma Variations: An Extended Family of Machines. Cryptologia. 22(3): 211-229.
    • (1998) Cryptologia , vol.22 , Issue.3 , pp. 211-229
    • Hamer, D.H.1    Sullivan, G.2    Weierud, F.3
  • 39
    • 85023816932 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HW 3/164. Squadron Leader Jones’ Section. PRO
    • HW 3/164. Squadron Leader Jones’ Section. PRO.
  • 40
    • 85023841740 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HW 19/314. PRO. Source: RE
    • HW 19/314. PRO. Source: RE.
  • 42
    • 84898423231 scopus 로고
    • The Typex Cryptograph
    • Reprinted in Cryptology Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow, Cipher A. Deavours, David Kahn, Louis Kruh, Greg Mellen, and Brian Winkel (Editors). Norwood, MA: Artech House, 1987
    • Kruh, Louis, and Cipher A. Deavours. April 1983. The Typex Cryptograph. Cryptologia 7(2): 145-165. Reprinted in Cryptology Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow, Cipher A. Deavours, David Kahn, Louis Kruh, Greg Mellen, and Brian Winkel (Editors). Norwood, MA: Artech House, 1987.
    • (1983) Cryptologia , vol.7 , Issue.2 , pp. 145-165
    • Kruh, L.1    Deavours, C.A.2
  • 43
    • 85023874249 scopus 로고
    • April 11th, Wheel and U. W. Wiring., These particular notes are unsigned, but other signed notes in the same file are in identical handwriting. Source: DH
    • Lawn, Oliver H. April 11th, 1944. Wheel and U. W. Wiring. Handwritten notes in the Bletchley Park archive. These particular notes are unsigned, but other signed notes in the same file are in identical handwriting. Source: DH.
    • (1944) Handwritten Notes in the Bletchley Park Archive
    • Lawn, O.H.1
  • 45
    • 35248895575 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recovering the Wiring of Enigma’s Umkehrwalze A
    • Marks, Philip and Frode Weierud. 2000. Recovering the Wiring of Enigma’s Umkehrwalze A. Cryptologia. 24(1): 55-66.
    • (2000) Cryptologia , vol.24 , Issue.1 , pp. 55-66
    • Marks, P.1    Weierud, F.2
  • 48
    • 85023802060 scopus 로고
    • th, Addendum to F#21, April 13th, 1944
    • th, 1944 Addendum to F#21, April 13th, 1944.
    • (1944)
    • Milner-Barry, S.1
  • 49
    • 85023858849 scopus 로고
    • H6 w/e April 29th, 1944Addendum to F#32, May 3rd
    • rd, 1944.
    • (1944)
    • Milner-Barry, S.1
  • 50
    • 85023853186 scopus 로고
    • H6 w/e May 13th, 1944 Addendum to F#40, May 23rd
    • rd, 1944.
    • (1944)
    • Milner-Barry, S.1
  • 51
    • 85023827689 scopus 로고
    • th, 1944 Addendum to F#62, July 13th
    • th, 1944 Addendum to F#62, July 13th, 1944.
    • (1944)
    • Milner-Barry, S.1
  • 52
    • 85023880424 scopus 로고
    • th in English notation; this is almost certainly an error for “10.7.44”. Source: RE
    • th in English notation; this is almost certainly an error for “10.7.44”. Source: RE.
    • (1944) Memorandum to Commander Travis
    • Milner-Barry, S.1
  • 55
    • 85023797518 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • nd, 1944. Operation D. In [105]
    • nd, 1944. Operation D. In [105].
    • Milner-Barry, S.1
  • 56
    • 85023847351 scopus 로고
    • H6 w/e August 5th, 1944 Addendum to F#73, August 8th
    • th, 1944.
    • (1944)
    • Milner-Barry, S.1
  • 57
    • 85023888873 scopus 로고
    • th, Uncle D. Addendum to F#73, August 8th, 1944. A copy of this memorandum can also be found in [105]
    • th, 1944. A copy of this memorandum can also be found in [105].
    • (1944)
    • Milner-Barry, S.1
  • 58
    • 85023800432 scopus 로고
    • H6 w/e August 26th, 1944 Addendum to F#88, September 6th
    • th, 1944.
    • (1944)
    • Milner-Barry, S.1
  • 59
    • 85023863642 scopus 로고
    • H6 w/e September 2nd, 1944 Addendum to F#88, September 6th
    • th, 1944.
    • (1944)
    • Milner-Barry, S.1
  • 60
    • 85023830379 scopus 로고
    • H6 w/e September 5th, 1944 Addendum to F#94, September 21st
    • st, 1944.
    • (1944)
    • Milner-Barry, S.1
  • 61
    • 85023872424 scopus 로고
    • H6 w/e September./6th. 1944 Addendum to F#94, September 21st
    • st, 1944.
    • (1944)
    • Milner-Barry, S.1
  • 66
    • 85023854531 scopus 로고
    • H6 w/e November 18th, 1944 Addendum to F#121, November 29th
    • th, 1944.
    • (1944)
    • Milner-Barry, S.1
  • 69
    • 85023797898 scopus 로고
    • August 12th, 1943. NARA HCC, Box CBTE28, NR3620. William Friedman seems to have keptpersonal copies of some later memos, including this final Hut 6 report, in the same folder as the report of his 1943 visit to Bletchley
    • th, 1943. NARA HCC, Box CBTE28, NR3620. William Friedman seems to have kept personal copies of some later memos, including this final Hut 6 report, in the same folder as the report of his 1943 visit to Bletchley.
    • (1945) E Operations of the Gc&Cs at Bletchley Park
    • Milner-Barry, S.1
  • 71
    • 85023835282 scopus 로고
    • th
    • th, 1944. In [6].
    • (1944)
  • 72
    • 85023793440 scopus 로고
    • nd”. The document has both typewritten and handwritten page numbers; references given in this article use the handwritten numbers
    • nd”. The document has both typewritten and handwritten page numbers; references given in this article use the handwritten numbers. Some of the information in the document is slightly inaccurate. Source: FW.
    • (1945) Some of the Information in the Document is Slightly Inaccurate
  • 73
    • 85023869902 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NARA HCC, SRH 306. Source: RE
    • Op-20-G Exploits and Commendations World War II. NARA HCC, SRH 306. Source: RE.
  • 74
    • 85023836926 scopus 로고
    • G. A. F. Discriminating Traffic. In [6]
    • th, 1944. G. A. F. Discriminating Traffic. In [6].
    • (1944)
    • Parker, R.H.1
  • 75
    • 85023829458 scopus 로고
    • NARA HCC, Box ZEMA155, NR4083. Source: FW
    • th, 1944. NARA HCC, Box ZEMA155, NR4083. Source: FW.
    • (1944)
  • 76
    • 85023874944 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • R. I. P. No. 402 - German Cryptographic Memoranda -1943-1945. NARA HCC, Box CBLL46, NR 2334
    • R. I. P. No. 402 - German Cryptographic Memoranda -1943-1945. NARA HCC, Box CBLL46, NR 2334.
  • 77
    • 85023824851 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • R. I. P. No. 403 1. Special British Reports of German Cryptography. NARA College Park, Maryland, RG 38, RIP Series, Box 169
    • R. I. P. No. 403 1. Special British Reports of German Cryptography. NARA College Park, Maryland, RG 38, RIP Series, Box 169.
  • 78
    • 85023818085 scopus 로고
    • Considerations on Breaking UD With No Crib. Addendum to F#94, September 21st, 1944. This document bears only the initials “RAR”, but the identification of the author as Robert Roseveare has been confirmed by Oliver Lawn. Another copy of this memorandum may be found in [105]
    • st, 1944. This document bears only the initials “RAR”, but the identification of the author as Robert Roseveare has been confirmed by Oliver Lawn. Another copy of this memorandum may be found in [105].
    • (1944)
    • Roseveare, R.A.1
  • 79
    • 85023847957 scopus 로고
    • NARA HCC, Box ZEMA188, NR 4360. See p. 20
    • Signal Security Agency General Cryptanalytic Branch Annual Report FY 1945. July 1945. NARA HCC, Box ZEMA188, NR 4360. See p. 20.
    • (1945)
  • 80
    • 85023877816 scopus 로고
    • The Enigma Symposium 1995, pp., . Published by Hugh Skillen, 56 St. Thomas Drive, Pinner, Middlesex
    • Skillen, Hugh. 1995. Rasterschluessel. The Enigma Symposium 1995, pp. 127-132. Published by Hugh Skillen, 56 St. Thomas Drive, Pinner, Middlesex.
    • (1995) Rasterschluessel. , pp. 127-132
    • Skillen, H.1
  • 81
    • 85023845307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synopsis of Op-20GM War Diary. NARA College Park, Maryland, RG Crane Library, 5750/177. Source: RE
    • Synopsis of Op-20GM War Diary. NARA College Park, Maryland, RG Crane Library, 5750/177. Source: RE.
  • 82
    • 85023798486 scopus 로고
    • NARA HCC, Box CBCB55, NR 964. A somewhat more legible copy is available as: Mathematical Theory of ENIGMA Machine, HW 25/3, PRO. This document is being edited by Frode Weierud, Ralph Erskine, and Philip Marks for publication on Frode Weierud’s website, Several chapters have already been published at the time of writing
    • Turing, Alan M. 1940. Turing’s Treatise on Enigma. NARA HCC, Box CBCB55, NR 964. A somewhat more legible copy is available as: Mathematical Theory of ENIGMA Machine, HW 25/3, PRO. This document is being edited by Frode Weierud, Ralph Erskine, and Philip Marks for publication on Frode Weierud’s website: http://home.cern.ch/frode/crypto/.Several chapters have already been published at the time of writing.
    • (1940) Turing’s Treatise on Enigma
    • Turing, A.M.1
  • 83
    • 85023867916 scopus 로고
    • rd, 1944.
    • (1944)
  • 84
    • 85023826143 scopus 로고
    • th, 1944.
    • (1944)
  • 85
    • 85023863606 scopus 로고
    • th, 1944.
    • (1944)
  • 86
    • 85023842681 scopus 로고
    • nd, 1944.
    • (1944)
  • 87
    • 85023824531 scopus 로고
    • th, 1944.
    • (1944)
  • 88
    • 85023832359 scopus 로고
    • th, 1944.
    • (1944)
  • 89
    • 85023855474 scopus 로고
    • th, 1944.
    • (1944)
  • 90
    • 85023819975 scopus 로고
    • th, 1944.
    • (1944)
  • 91
    • 85023816230 scopus 로고
    • rd, 1944.
    • (1944)
  • 92
    • 85023808130 scopus 로고
    • th, 1944.
    • (1944)
  • 93
    • 85023867632 scopus 로고
    • th, 1944.
    • (1944)
  • 94
    • 85023865621 scopus 로고
    • th, 1945.
    • (1945)
  • 95
    • 85023881230 scopus 로고
    • 105
    • th, 1944. In [105].
    • (1944)
  • 96
    • 85023843031 scopus 로고
    • 105
    • st, 1944. In [105].
    • (1944)
  • 97
    • 85023832432 scopus 로고
    • 105
    • st, 1944. In [105].
    • (1944)
  • 98
    • 85023889128 scopus 로고
    • 105
    • nd, 1944. In [105].
    • (1944)
  • 99
    • 85023867468 scopus 로고
    • rd, 1944. In [78, see p. 263].
    • (1944) , vol.78 , pp. 263
  • 100
    • 85023814590 scopus 로고
    • th, 1944. In [78, see p. 268].
    • (1944) , vol.78 , pp. 268
  • 101
    • 85023797143 scopus 로고
    • th, 1944. In [78, see pp. 269-273].
    • (1944) , vol.78 , pp. 269-273
  • 102
    • 85023812772 scopus 로고
    • th
    • th, 1944. In [78, see p. 274].
    • (1944) , vol.78 , pp. 274
  • 103
    • 84924104692 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enigma- Uhr
    • Ulbricht, Heinz. 1999. Enigma- Uhr. Cryptologia. 23(3): 193-205.
    • (1999) Cryptologia , vol.23 , Issue.3 , pp. 193-205
    • Ulbricht, H.1
  • 104
    • 85023844634 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NARA HCC, Box CBCB54, NR 962
    • Uncle Dora. NARA HCC, Box CBCB54, NR 962.
  • 105
    • 84950785726 scopus 로고
    • The Book Cipher System of the Wehrmacht
    • Van der Meulen, Michael
    • Van der Meulen, Michael. 1995. The Book Cipher System of the Wehrmacht. Cryptologia. 19(3): 247-260.
    • (1995) Cryptologia , vol.19 , Issue.3 , pp. 247-260
  • 106
    • 14744280157 scopus 로고
    • Allen Lane (also published in the USA by McGraw Hill, and reprinted in 1997 by M & M Baldwin, Kidderminster, UK)
    • Welchman, Gordon. 1982. The Hut Six Story-Breaking the Enigma Codes. Allen Lane (also published in the USA by McGraw Hill, and reprinted in 1997 by M & M Baldwin, Kidderminster, UK).
    • (1982) The Hut Six Story-Breaking the Enigma Codes
    • Welchman, G.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.