Preparation of Solid Catalysts: Bulk Catalysts and Supports: Precipitation and Coprecipitation

Handbook of Heterogeneous Catalysis

Volumn 1-5, Issue , 2008, Pages 72-86

  Schuth F ^a   Unger, K ^b  

^a GOETHE UNIVERSITY   (Germany)

^b JOHANNES GUTENBERG UNIVERSITY   (Germany)

Author keywords

Inorganic chemistry; Physicochemical properties; Reproducibility; Solid catalysts; Thermal characteristics

Indexed keywords

COPRECIPITATION; INORGANIC COMPOUNDS;

INORGANIC CHEMISTRY; PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTY; REPRODUCIBILITIES; SOLID CATALYSTS; THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS;

CATALYSTS;

EID: 84978701118     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1002/9783527619474.ch2a     Document Type: Chapter

References (89)

1. C. L. Thomas, Catalytic Processes and Proven Catalysts, Academic Press, New York, 1970, Chapters 11 and 14.
2. A. B. Stiles, Catalyst Manufacture - Laboratory and Commercial Preparations, Marcel Dekker, New York, 1983.
3. Recommendations on Nomenclature for Contamination Phenomena in Precipitation from Aqueous Solution, Pure Appl. Chem. 1975, 37, 463-468.
4. V. K. LaMer, R. H. Dinegar, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1950, 72, 4847.
5. For instance: E. Matijevic, Acc. Chem. Res. 1981, 14, 22.
6. C. J. J. den Ouden, R. W. Thompson, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 1991, 143, 77.
7. A. D. Randolph, M. A. Larson, AIChE J. 1962, 8, 639.
8. the concepts are described in more detail in: A. D. Randolph, M. A. Larson, Theory of Particulate Processes, 2nd ed., Academic Press, San Diego, 1988.
9. For instance: L. K. Hudson, C. Misra, K. Wefers, Ullmann's Encycl. Ind. Chem. 5th ed. 1985 Vol. Al, p. 575.
10. G. H. Bogusch, C. F. Zukoski IV, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 1991, 142, 19.
11. F. Cavani, F. Trifiro, A. Vaccari, Catal. Today 1991, 11, 173.
12. S. P. S. Andrew in Preparation of Catalysts I (Eds: B. Delmon, P. A. Jacobs, G. Poncelet), Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1976, p. 429.
13. P. Peshev, A. Toshev, G. Gyurov, Mater. Res. Bull. 1989, 24, 33.
14. For instance: G. Pass, A. B. Littlewood, R. L. Burwell Jr., J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 1960, 82, 6281.
15. M. P. McDaniel, R. L. Burwell Jr., J. Catal. 1975, 36, 384.
16. C. Sivaraj, P. Kantaro, Appl. Catal. 1988, 45, 103.
17. C. Sivaraj, B. R. Reddy, B. R. Rao, P. K. Rao, App. Catal. 1986, 24, 25.
18. K. Tanabe, M. Itoh, K. Morishige, H. Hattori in Preparation of Catalysts I (Eds: B. Delmon, P. A. Jacobs, G. Poncelet), Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1976, p. 65.
19. P. Courty, C. Marcilly, Stud. Surf. Sci. Catal. 1983, 16, 485.
20. E. Matijevic, Pure Appl. Chem. 1978, 50, 1193.
21. identical to: E. Matijevic, Stud. Surf. Sci. Catal. 1979, 3, 555.
22. A. Dalas, C. Kordulis, P. G. Koutsoukos, A. Lycourghiotis, J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 1993, 89, 3645.
23. J. M. Campelo, A. Garcia, D. Luna, J. M. Marina, J. Catal. 1988, 111, 106.
24. P. Porta, S. de Rossi, G. Ferraris, M. Lo Jacono, G. Minelli, G. Moretti, J. Catal. 1988, 109, 367.
25. G. C. Shen, S. I. Fujita, N. Takezawa, J. Catal. 1992, 138, 754.
26. T. T. P. Cheung, K. W. Wilcox, M. P. McDaniel, M. M. Johnson, J. Catal. 1986, 102, 10.
27. M. J. Desmond, M. A. Pepera, US Patent 4 686203, 1987 (Standard Oil Company).
28. T. Kawaguchi, K. Kouhei, J. Non-Cryst. Solids 1990, 121, 383.
29. M. Matsura, T. Fujita, Jpn Patent 62257 906 A2 871 110 Showa (CA 108:76086).
30. M. Kioka, N. Norio, EU Patent 279 586 A2 880 824 (CA 110:8810).
31. K. Yamaguchi, N. Kanoh, T. Tanaka, E. Torn, N. Enokido, A. Murakami, S. Yoshida, Ger Patent 2515211 751 016 (04 84:74876).
32. A. E. Hamielec, H. Tobita, Ullmann's Encycl. Ind. Chem. 5th ed. 1992 Vol. A21, p. 305.
33. D. Damyanov, I. Ivanov, L. Vlaev, Zh. Prikl. Khim. 1989, 62, 486.
34. F. Traina, N. Pemicone, Chim. Ind. (Milan) 1970, 52, 1.
35. A. S. Ivanova, E. M. Moroz, G. S. Litvak, Kinet. Katal. 1992, 33, 1208.
36. A. Vian, J. Tijero, E. Guardiola, Actas Simp. Iberoam. Catal., 9th. Volume 2, Soc. Iberoam. Catal, Lisbon, 1984, p. 1601.
37. F. Trifirö, H. Hoser, R. D. Scarle, J. Catal. 1972, 25, 12.
38. F. Trifiro, P. Forzatti, P. L. Villa in Preparation of Catalysts I (Eds: B. Delmon, P. A. Jacobs. G. Poncelet), Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1976, p. 147.
39. Y. Nitta, T. Imanaka, S. Teranishi, J. Catal. 1985, 96, 429 and references therein.
40. R. A. Diffenbach, D. J. Fauth, J. Catal. 1986, 100, 466.
41. D. Basmadijan, G. N. Fulford, B. I. Parsons, D. S. Montgomery, J. Catal. 1962, 1, 547.
42. C. T. Kresge, M. E. Leonowicz, W. J. Roth, J. C. Vartuli, J. S. Beck, Nature 1992, 359, 710.
43. A. Monnier, F. Schüth, Q. Huo, D. Kumar, D. Margolese, R. S. Maxwell, G. D. Stucky, M. Krishnamurty, P. Petroff, A. Firouzi, M. Janicke, B. Chmelka, Science 1993, 261, 1299.
44. O. Franke, G. Schulz Ekloff, J. Rathousky, J. Starek, A. Zukal, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1993,724.
45. P. J. Branton, P. G. Hall, K. S. W. Sing, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1993,1257.
46. P. L. Llewellyn, H. Reichert, Y. Grillet, F. Schüth, K. K. Unger, Micropor. Mater. 1994, 3, 345.
47. P. J. Branton, P. G. Hall, K. S. W. Sing, H. Reichert, F. Schüth, K. Unger, J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 1994, 90, 2965.
48. Q. Huo, D. Margolese, U. Ciesla, P. Feng, T. Gier, P. Sieger, R. Leon, P. M. Petroff, U. Ciesla, F. Schüth, G. Stucky, Nature 1994, 368, 317.
49. U. Ciesla, D. Demuth, R. Leon, P. Petroff, G. Stucky, K, Unger, F. Schüth, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1994,1387.
50. U. Ciesla, T. Suharto, W. Jacobs, F. Schüth, unpublished results.
51. R. K. Iler, The Chemistry of Silica and Silicates, Wiley, New York, 1979.
52. D. Barby in Characterization of Powder Surfaces (Eds: G. D. Parfitt, K. S. W. Sing), Academic Press, London, 1976, p. 353.
53. K. K. Unger, Porous Silica, J. Chromatogr. Libr. Vol. 16, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1979.
54. H. Ferch, A. Kreher, Chemische Technologie (Winnacker-Küchler)4. Aufl. 1983 Bd. 3, Anorgan. Technologie 2, p. 75.
55. J. F. Brinker, G. W. Scherer, Sol-Gel Science: The Physics and Chemistry of Sol-Gel Processing, Academic Press, Boston, 1990.
56. C. W. Higginson, Chem. Eng. 1974,98.
57. G. Engelhardt, D. Michel, High Resolution Solid State NMR of Silicates and Zeolites, Wiley, Chichester, 1987.
58. B. A. Morrow, Stud. Surf. Sci. Catal. 1990, 57A, 161.
59. K. Wefers, G. M. Bell, Oxides and Hydroxides of Aluminum, Alcoa Research Laboratories, Technical Paper No 19, 1972.
60. K. Bielefeldt, G. Winkhaus, Chemische Technologie (Winnacker-Küchler) 4. Aufl. 1983 Bd. 3 Anorgan. Technologie 2, p. 2.
61. L. K. Hudson, C. Misra, K. Wefers, Ullmann's Encycl. Ind. Chem. 5th ed. 1985 Vol. A2, p. 575.
62. U. Bollmann, Habilitationsschrift, Bergakademie Freiberg, FRG, 1992.
63. A. Danner, K. K. Unger, Stud. Surf. Sci. Catal. 1987, 31, 343.
64. W. Stoepler, K. K. Unger, Stud. Surf. Sci. Catal. 1983, 16, 643.
65. B. C. Lippens, J. H. de Boer, Acta Crystallogr. 1964, 17, 1312.
66. H. Sallfeld, B. B. Mehrotra, Naturwissenschaften 1966, 53, 128.
67. H. Knozinger, P. Ratnasamy, Catal. Rev.-Sci. Eng. 1978, 17, 31.
68. C. Laurent, H. A. H. Billet, L. de Galaan, Chromatographia 1983, 17, 253.
69. N. Zelinsky, W. Kommarewsky, Chem. Ber. 1924, 57, 667.
70. F. Cavani, F. Trifiro, A. Vaccari, Catal. Today 1991, 11, 173.
71. E. C. Kruissink, L. L. van Reijen, J. R. H. Ross, J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. I. 1981, 77, 649.
72. J. Zielinski, Appl. Catal 1993, A94, 107.
73. J. Zielinski, J. Mol. Catal. 1993, 83, 197.
74. R. Lamber, G. Schulz-Ekloff, J. Catal. 1994, 146, 601.
75. E. C. Kruissink, L. E. Alzamora, S. Orr, E. B. M. Doesburg, L. L. van Reijven, J. R. H. Ross, G. van Veen, Stud. Surf. Sci. Catal. 1979, 5, 143.
76. J. Rathousky, G. Schulz-Ekloff, J. Starek, A. Zukal, Chem. Eng. Technol. 1994, 17, 41.
77. D. C. Puxley, I. J. Kitchener, C. Komodromos, N. D. Parkyns, Stud. Surf. Sci. Catal. 1983, 16, 237.
78. C. J. Wright, C. G. Windsor, D. C. Puxley, J. Catal. 1982, 78, 257.
79. L. E. Alzamora, J. R. H. Ross, E. C. Kruissink, L. L. van Reijen, J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. I, 1981, 77, 665.
80. J. G. Nunan, P. B. Himmelfarb, R. G. Herman, K. Klier, C. E. Bogdan, G. W. Simmons, Inorg. Chem. 1989, 28, 3868.
81. P. Porta, S. de Rossi, G. Ferraris, M. Lo Jacono, G. Minelli, G. Moretti, J. Catal. 1988, 109, 367.
82. J. C. Burnett, R. A. Keppel, W. D. Robinson, Catal. Today 1987, 1, 53T.
83. R. M. Contractor, A. W. Sleight, Catal. Today 1987, 1, 587.
84. G. Centi, Catal. Today 1993, 16, 5.
85. G. Centi, NATO ASI Ser. Ser. C 1993, 398, 93.
86. F. Cavani, F. Trifiro, Stud. Surf. Sci. Catal. 1995, 91, 1.
87. L. M. Cornaglia, C. A. Sanchez, E. A. Lombardo, Appl. Catal. A 1993, 95, 117.
88. E. Kesteman, M. Merzouki, B. Taouk, E. Bordes, R. Contractor, Stud. Surf. Sci. Catal. 1995, 91, 707.
89. H. S. Horowitz, C. M. Blackstone, A. W. Sleight, G. Teufer, Appl. Catal. 1988, 38, 193.