From simulation to monitoring: Evaluating the potential of mixed-mode ventilation (MMV) systems for integrating natural ventilation in office buildings through a comprehensive literature review

Energy and Buildings

Volumn 127, Issue , 2016, Pages 1008-1018

  Salcido, Juan C ^a   Raheem, Adeeba Abdul ^a   Issa, Raja R A ^b  

^a University of Texas at El Paso   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA   (United States)

Author keywords

Buildings; CAV; Computer simulation; Energy consumption; Energy savings; Mixed mode; Model predictive control strategies; Occupant behavior; Thermal comfort; VAV

Indexed keywords

AIR QUALITY; BUILDINGS; CLIMATE CHANGE; COMPUTER SIMULATION; COOLING SYSTEMS; ENERGY UTILIZATION; GLOBAL WARMING; INDOOR AIR POLLUTION; MODEL PREDICTIVE CONTROL; OFFICE BUILDINGS; THERMAL COMFORT; VENTILATION;

ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS; GLOBAL WARMING POTENTIAL; MECHANICAL VENTILATION; MECHANICAL VENTILATION SYSTEM; MIXED MODE; MIXED-MODE VENTILATIONS; NATURAL VENTILATION; OCCUPANT BEHAVIOR;

ENERGY CONSERVATION;

EID: 84978060451     PISSN: 03787788     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2016.06.054     Document Type: Article

References (93)

1. [1] Ezzeldin, S., Rees, S.J., The potential for office buildings with mixed-mode ventilation and low energy cooling systems in arid climates. Energy Build. 65 (2013), 368–381.
2. [2] USEIA, Monthly Energy Review: Energy Consumption by Sector. 2015, USEIA, Washington, DC.
3. [3] Manu, S., Shukla, Y., Rawal, R., Thomas, L.E., de Dear, R., Field studies of thermal comfort across multiple climate zones for the subcontinent: india Model for Adaptive Comfort (IMAC). Build. Environ. 98 (2016), 55–70.
4. [4] Ji, Y., Lomas, K.J., Cook, M.J., Hybrid ventilation for low energy building design in south China. Build. Environ. 44:11 (2009), 2245–2255.
5. [5] Brager, G., Borgeson, S., Lee, Y., Summary Report: Control Strategies for Mixed-Mode Buildings, Center for the Built Environment (CBE)., 2007, University of California, Berkeley.
6. [6] Fordham, M., Natural ventilation. Renew. Energy 4:19 (2000), 17–37.
7. [7] Krausse, B., Cook, M., Lomas, K., Environmental performance of a naturally ventilated city centre library. Energy Build. 39:7 (2007), 792–801.
8. [8] Vangtook, P., Chirarattananon, S., Application of radiant cooling as a passive cooling option in hot humid climate. Build. Environ. 42:2 (2007), 543–556.
9. [9] Schulze, T., Eicker, U., Controlled natural ventilation for energy efficient buildings. Energy Build. 56 (2012), 221–232.
10. [10] ANSI/ASHRAE, ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 55–2004 Thermal Environmental Conditions for Human Occupancy, ASHRAE, Georgia, United States, 2004.
11. [11] De Dear, R.J., Brager, G.S., Thermal comfort in naturally ventilated buildings: revisions to ASHRAE Standard 55. Energy Build. 34:6 (2002), 549–561.
12. [12] Zhai, Z., Johnson, M.H., Krarti, M., Assessment of natural and hybrid ventilation models in whole-building energy simulations. Energy Build. 43:9 (2011), 2251–2261.
13. [13] Buonomano, A., Sherman, M.H., Analysis of residential hybrid ventilation performance in US climates. 30th AIVC Conference, 2009, 1–6.
14. [14] Brager, G., Mixed-Mode cooling. ASHRAE J. 48 (2006), 30–37.
15. [15] Belleri, A., Lollini, R., Dutton, S.M., Natural ventilation design: an analysis of predicted and measured performance. Build. Environ. 81:January (2016) (2014), 123–138.
16. [16] Johnson, M.D., Assess and Implement Natural and Hybrid Ventilation Models in Whole-Building Energy Simulations. 2010, University of Colorado Boulder.
17. [17] Coakley, D., Raftery, P., Molloy, P., Calibration of whole building energy simulation models: detailed case study of a naturally ventilated building using hourly measured data. Build. Simul. Optim.(September), 2012, 57–64.
18. [18] Wouters, P., Heijmans, N., Delmotte, C., Vandaele, L., Classification of hybrid ventilation concepts. The Second International Forum on Natural and Hybrid Ventilation, HybVent Forum 99, Sydney, Australia, 1999.
19. [19] Heiselberg, P., Principles of Hybrid Ventilation. 2002, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
20. [20] Lomas, K.J., Cook, M.J., Fiala, D., Low energy architecture for a severe US climate: design and evaluation of a hybrid ventilation strategy. Energy Build. 39:1 (2007), 32–44.
21. [21] Mouriki, E., Solar-Assisted Hybrid Ventilation in an Institutional Building. 2009, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada.
22. [22] Emmerich, S., Simulated performance of natural and hybrid ventilation systems in an office building. HVAC&R Res. 12:4 (2006), 975–1004.
23. [23] Cardinale, N., Micucci, M., Ruggiero, F., Analysis of energy saving using natural ventilation in a traditional Italian building. Energy Build. 35:2 (2003), 153–159.
24. [24] Baker, N., Standeven, M., Thermal comfort for free-running buildings. Energy Build. 23:3 (1996), 175–182.
25. [25] Holmes, M.J., Hacker, J.N., Climate change, thermal comfort and energy: meeting the design challenges of the 21st century. Energy Build. 39:7 (2007), 802–814.
26. [26] Spindler, H.C., Norford, L.K., Naturally ventilated and mixed-mode buildings-Part I: thermal modeling. Build. Environ. 44:4 (2009), 736–749.
27. [27] Spindler, H.C., Norford, L.K., Naturally ventilated and mixed-mode buildings-Part II: Optimal control. Build. Environ. 44:4 (2009), 750–761.
28. [28] Center for the Built Environment (CBE), About Mixed-Mode[Online]. Available: http://www.cbe.berkeley.edu/mixedmode/aboutmm.html, 2013 (accessed: 12.04.15).
29. [29] Ring, E., Mixed-mode Office Buildings: A Primer on Design and Operation of Mixed-mode Buildings and an Analysis of Occupat Satisfaction in Three California Mixed-mode Office Building. 2000, University of California, Berkeley, California.
30. [30] Barlow, S., Fiala, D., Occupant comfort in UK offices—How adaptive comfort theories might influence future low energy office refurbishment strategies. Energy Build. 39:7 (2007), 837–846.
31. [31] Deuble, M.P., de Dear, R.J., Mixed-mode buildings: a double standard in occupants’ comfort expectations. Build. Environ. 54 (2012), 53–60.
32. [32] Honnekeri, A., Brager, G., Dhaka, S., Mathur, J., Comfort and adaptation in mixed-mode buildings in a hot-dry climate. 8th Windsor Conference: Counting the Cost of Comfort in a Changing World, 2014, 1–17.
33. [33] Alessi, A.L., Heywood, C., Drake, S., The office users’ experience of mixed ? mode systems: behavioural thermoregulation. CIB Facilities Management Conference 2014 (2014), 167–178.
34. [34] Luo, M., Cao, B., Damiens, J., Lin, B., Zhu, Y., Evaluating thermal comfort in mixed-mode buildings: a field study in a subtropical climate. Build. Environ. 88 (2015), 46–54.
35. [35] De Vecchi, R., Cândido, C.M., Lamberts, R., Thermal history and comfort in a Brazilian subtropical climate: a ‘cool’ addiction hypothesis. Ambient. Construído 1 (2016), 7–20.
36. [36] Rajapaksha, I., Nagai, H., Okumiya, M., A ventilated courtyard as a passive cooling strategy in the warm humid tropics. Renew. Energy 28:11 (2003), 1755–1778.
37. [37] Gratia, E., De Herde, A., Natural cooling strategies efficiency in an office building with a double-skin façade. Energy Build. 36:11 (2004), 1139–1152.
38. [38] Koinakis, C.J., Combined thermal and natural ventilation modeling for long-term energy assessment: validation with experimental measurements. Energy Build. 37:4 (2005), 311–323.
39. [39] Eftekhari, M.M., Marjanovic, L.D., Application of fuzzy control in naturally ventilated buildings for summer conditions. Energy Build. 35:7 (2003), 645–655.
40. [40] Breesch, H., Bossaer, A., Janssens, A., Passive cooling in a low-energy office building. Sol. Energy 79:6 (2005), 682–696.
41. [41] Gratia, E., Design of low energy of office buildings. Energy Build. 35 (2003), 473–491.
42. [42] Eicker, U., Huber, M., Seeberger, P., Vorschulze, C., Limits and potentials of office building climatisation with ambient air. Energy Build. 38:6 (2006), 574–581.
43. [43] Wang, L., Greenberg, S., Window operation and impacts on building energy consumption. Energy Build. 92 (2015), 313–321.
44. [44] Wang, H., Chen, Q., A semi-empirical model for studying the impact of thermal mass and cost-return analysis on mixed-mode ventilation in office buildings. Energy Build. 67 (2013), 267–274.
45. [45] Department of Energy, EnergyPlus.
46. [46] Rijal, H.B., Tuohy, P., Humphreys, M.A., Nicol, J.F., Samuel, A., Clarke, J., Using results from field surveys to predict the effect of open windows on thermal comfort and energy use in buildings. Energy Build. 39:7 (2007), 823–836.
47. [47] Brager, G.S., Paliaga, G., De Dear, R., Olesen, B., Wen, J., Nicol, F., Humphreys, M., Operable windows, personal control, and occupant comfort. ASHRAE Trans. C 110:Part I (2004), 17–35.
48. [48] Borgeson, S., Brager, G., Occupant Control of Windows: Accounting for Human Behavior in Building Simulation. 2008, Center for the Built Environment (CBE), University of California, Berkeley,California.
49. [49] Wei, S., Xu, C., Pan, S., Su, J., Wang, Y., Luo, X., Hassan, T.M., Analysis of factors infuencing the modelling of occupant window opening behaviour in an o ce building in Beijing, China. 14th International Conference of the International Building Performance Simulation Association, 2015.
50. [50] Ackerly, K., Occupant Response to Window Control Signaling Systems. 2012, Center for the Built Environment (CBE), University of California, Berkeley, California.
51. [51] Ackerly, K., Baker, L., Brager, G., Window Use in Mixed-Mode Buildings: A Literature Review. 2011, Center for the Built Environment (CBE), University of California, Berkeley, California.
52. [52] Ackerly, K., Brager, G.S., Window signaling systems: control strategies & occupant behavior. 7th Wind. Conf. Chang. Context Comf. an Unpredictable World, 2012, 12–15 (April).
53. [53] Ackerly, K., Brager, G., Occupant Response to Window Control Signaling Systems; Appendix C: Mixed-mode Signal Case Study Summary. 2011, Center for the Built Environment (CBE), University of California, Berkeley, California.
54. [54] Qin, S.J., a. Badgwell, T., A survey of industrial model predictive control technology. Control Eng. Pract. 7 (2003), 733–764.
55. [55] Yuan, S., Perez, R., Multiple-zone ventilation and temperature control of a single-duct VAV system using model predictive strategy. Energy Build. 38 (2006), 1248–1261.
56. [56] Prívara, S., Široký, J., Ferkl, L., Cigler, J., Model predictive control of a building heating system: the first experience. Energy Build. 43:2–3 (2011), 564–572.
57. [57] Freire, R.Z., Oliveira, G.H.C., Mendes, N., Predictive controllers for thermal comfort optimization and energy savings. Energy Build. 40:7 (2008), 1353–1365.
58. [58] Castilla, M., Álvarez, J.D., Berenguel, M., Rodríguez, F., Guzmán, J.L., Pérez, M., A comparison of thermal comfort predictive control strategies. Energy Build. 43:10 (2011), 2737–2746.
59. [59] Kolokotsa, D., Pouliezos, A., Stavrakakis, G., Lazos, C., Predictive control techniques for energy and indoor environmental quality management in buildings. Build. Environ. 44:9 (2009), 1850–1863.
60. [60] Paris, B., Eynard, J., Grieu, S., Talbert, T., Polit, M., Heating control schemes for energy management in buildings. Energy Build. 42:10 (2010), 1908–1917.
61. [61] May-Ostendorp, P., Henze, G.P., Corbin, C.D., Rajagopalan, B., Felsmann, C., Model-predictive control of mixed-mode buildings with rule extraction. Build. Environ. 46:2 (2011), 428–437.
62. [62] Ackerly, K., Brager, G., Human Behavior Meets Building Intelligence: How Occupants Respond to ‘Open Window’ Signals. 2012, Center for the Built Environment (CBE), University of California, Berkeley, California.
63. [63] Ackerly, K., Brager, G., Window signalling systems: control strategies and occupant behaviour. Build. Res. Inf. 41:3 (2013), 342–360.
64. [64] Hu, J., Karava, P., Model predictive control strategies for buildings with mixed-mode cooling. Build. Environ. 71 (2014), 233–244.
65. [65] Preglej, A., Rehrl, J., Schwingshackl, D., Steiner, I., Horn, M., Škrjanc, I., Energy-efficient fuzzy model-based multivariable predictive control of a HVAC system. Energy Build. 82 (2014), 520–533.
66. [66] Tanner, R.A., Henze, G.P., Stochastic control optimization for a mixed mode building considering occupant window opening behaviour. J. Build. Perform. Simul. 7:6 (2014), 427–444.
67. [67] Page, J., Robinson, D., Morel, N., Scartezzini, J.-L., A generalised stochastic model for the simulation of occupant presence. Energy Build. 40:2 (2008), 83–98.
68. [68] Hu, J., Karava, P., A state-space modeling approach and multi-level optimization algorithm for predictive control of multi-zone buildings with mixed-mode cooling. Build. Environ. 80 (2014), 259–273.
69. [69] Mui, K.W.H., Chan, W.T.D., Adaptive comfort temperature model of air-conditioned building in Hong Kong. Build. Environ. 38:6 (2003), 837–852.
70. [70] Borgerson, S., Assessment of Energy Use and Comfort in Buildings Utilizing Mixed-Mode Controls with Radiant Cooling. 2010, University of California, Berkeley.
71. [71] Ezzeldin, S., Rees, S., Cood, M., Performance of mixed-mode cooling strategies for office buildings in arid climates. Proceedings of Building Simulation 2009 (2009), 1053–1060.
72. [72] S. Borgeson, G., Brager, B. Coffey, P. Haves, Mixed-mode simulations for climate feasibility, Berkeley, California, 2009.
73. [73] Borgeson, S., Brager, G., Comfort standards and variations in exceedance for mixed-mode buildings. Build. Res. Inf. 39:2 (2011), 118–133.
74. [74] Rowe, D., A study of a mixed mode environment in 25 cellular offices at the university of Sydney. Int. J. Vent. 1:4 (2003), 53–64.
75. [75] Ward, J.K., Wall, J., Perfumo, C., Environmentally active buildings: the controls challenge. Archit. Sci. Rev. 55:1 (2012), 26–34.
76. [76] S. Ezzeldin, S. Rees, M. Cook, Energy and Carbon Emission Savings due to Hybrid Ventilation of Office Buildings in Arid Climates, PLEA 2008–25th Conf. Passiv. Low Energy Archit. Dublin, 22nd to 24th Oct. 2008., no. October, p. Paper No. 589, 2008.
77. [77] Menassa, C.C., Taylor, N., Nelson, J., Optimizing hybrid ventilation in public spaces of complex buildings – a case study of the Wisconsin Institutes for Discovery. Build. Environ. 61 (2013), 57–68.
78. [78] Aynur, T.N., Hwang, Y., Radermacher, R., Simulation of a VAV air conditioning system in an existing building for the cooling mode. Energy Build. 41:9 (2009), 922–929.
79. [79] Hilliard, T., Kavgic, M., Swan, L., Model predictive control for commercial buildings: trends and opportunities. Adv. Build. Energy Res. 2549:December (2015), 1–19.
80. [80] Zakula, T., Armstrong, P.R., Norford, L., Modeling environment for model predictive control of buildings. Energy Build. 85 (2014), 549–559.
81. [81] Gandhi, P., Brager, G., Dutton, S., A comparative study of mixed mode simulation methods: approaches in research and practice. Spring Simulation Multi-Conference, 2015, 1239–1246.
82. [82] Masoso, O.T., Grobler, L.J., The dark side of occupants’ behaviour on building energy use. Energy Build. 42:2 (2010), 173–177.
83. [83] Elmualim, A.A., Influencing energy efficient occupant behavior through improved building and control design. Healthy Buildings 2012, 10th International Conference, 2012.
84. [84] Chen, J., Taylor, J.E., Wei, H.-H., Modeling building occupant network energy consumption decision-making: the interplay between network structure and conservation. Energy Build. 47 (2012), 515–524.
85. [86] Tabak, V., de Vries, B., Methods for the prediction of intermediate activities by office occupants. Build. Environ. 45:6 (2010), 1366–1372.
86. [88] Zhao, J., Lasternas, B., Lam, K.P., Yun, R., Loftness, V., Occupant behavior and schedule modeling for building energy simulation through office appliance power consumption data mining. Energy Build. 82 (2014), 341–355.
87. [89] D'Oca, S., Hong, T., Occupancy schedules learning process through a data mining framework. Energy Build. 88 (2015), 395–408.
88. [90] Dong, B., Lam, K.P., Building energy and comfort management through occupant behaviour pattern detection based on a large-scale environmental sensor network. J. Build. Perform. Simul. 4:4 (2011), 359–369.
89. [91] Virote, J., Neves-Silva, R., Stochastic models for building energy prediction based on occupant behavior assessment. Energy Build. 53 (2012), 183–193.
90. [92] Chen, Z., Xu, J., Soh, Y.C., Modeling regular occupancy in commercial buildings using stochastic models. Energy Build. 103 (2015), 216–223.
91. [93] Liao, C., Lin, Y., Barooah, P., Agent-based and graphical modelling of building occupancy. J. Build. Perform. Simul. 5:1 (2012), 5–25.
92. [94] Zhao, J., Lam, K.P., Ydstie, B.E., Loftness, V., Occupant-oriented mixed-mode EnergyPlus predictive control simulation. Energy Build., 2015, 1–10.
93. [95] Emmerich, S., Crum, J., Simulated performance of natural and hybrid ventilation systems in an office building. HVAC & R Res. 12:4 (2006), 975–1004.