The impact of insurance on HIV testing

American Journal of Health Economics

Volumn 1, Issue 4, 2015, Pages 515-536

  Sood, Neeraj ^a   Wagner, Zachary ^b   Wu, Yanyu ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^c PRECISION HEALTH ECONOMICS   (United States)

Author keywords

Bivariate probit; Health insurance; HIV testing; Medicaid; Medicare; Public health insurance

Indexed keywords

EID: 84977978472     PISSN: 23323493     EISSN: 23323507     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1162/ajhe_a_00028     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. Atherly, Adam, Bryan E. Dowd, Robert F. Coulam, and Gery Guy. 2012. “The Effect of HIFA Waiver Expansions on Uninsurance Rates in Adult Populations.” Health Services Research 47 (3pt1): 939–62. doi:10.1111/j.1475-6773.2011.01376.x.
2. Bhattacharya, Jayanta, Kate Bundorf, Noemi Pace, and Neeraj Sood. 2009. “Does Health Insurance Make You Fat?” NBER Working Paper No. 15163. doi:10.3386/w15163.
3. Bhattacharya, Jayanta, Dana Goldman, and Neeraj Sood. 2003. “The Link between Public and Private Insurance and HIV-Related Mortality.” Journal of Health Economics 22 (6): 1105–22. doi:10.1016/j.jhealeco.2003.07.001.
4. Boozer, Michael A., and Tomas J. Philipson. 2000. “The Impact of Public Testing for Human Immunodeficiency Virus.” Journal of Human Resources 35 (3): 419–46.
5. Branson, Bernard M., H. Hunter Handsfield, Margaret A. Lampe, Robert S. Janssen, Allan W. Taylor, Sheryl B. Lyss, and Jill E. Clark. 2006. “Revised Recommendations for HIV Testing of Adults, Adolescents, and Pregnant Women in Health-Care Settings.” Washington, DC: National Center for HIV/AIDS.
6. Card, David, Carlos Dobkin, and Nicole Maestas. 2008. “The Impact of Nearly Universal Insurance Coverage on Health Care Utilization: Evidence from Medicare.” American Economic Review 98 (5): 2242–58. doi:10.1257/aer.98.5.2242.
7. Card, David, Carlos Dobkin, and Nicole Maestas. 2009. “Does Medicare Save Lives?” Quarterly Journal of Economics 124 (2): 597– 636. doi:10.1162/qjec.2009.124.2.597.
8. CDC. 2012. “Estimated HIV Incidence in the United States, 2007–2010.” In HIV Surveillance Supplemental Report. Atlanta: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
9. Celentano, David D., Noya Galai, Ajay K. Sethi, Nina G. Shah, Steffanie A. Strathdee, David Vlahov, and Joel E. Gallant. 2001. “Time to Initiating Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy among HIV-Infected Injection Drug Users.” AIDS 15 (13): 1707– 15.
10. Cohen, Myron S., Ying Q. Chen, Marybeth McCauley, Theresa Gamble, Mina C. Hos-seinipour, Nagalingeswaran Kumarasamy, James G. Hakim, Johnstone Kumwenda, Beatriz Grinsztejn, Jose H. S. Pilotto, Sheela V. Godbole, Sanjay Mehendale, Suwat Chariyalertsak, Breno R. Santos, Kenneth H. Mayer, Irving F. Hoffman, Susan H. Esh-leman, Estelle Piwowar-Manning, Lei Wang, Joseph Makhema, Lisa A. Mills, Guy de Bruyn, Ian Sanne, Joseph Eron, Joel Gallant, Diane Havlir, Susan Swindells, Heather Ribaudo, Vanessa Elharrar, David Burns, Taha E. Taha, Karin Nielsen-Saines, David Celentano, Max Essex, and Thomas R. Fleming. 2011. “Prevention of HIV-1 Infection with Early Antiretroviral Therapy.” New England Journal of Medicine 365 (6): 493–505. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1105243.
11. Coughlin, Teresa A., and Stephen Zuckerman. 2008. “State Responses to New Flexibility in Medicaid.” Milbank Quarterly 86 (2): 209–40. doi:10.1111/j.1468-0009.2008.00520.x.
12. Delaney, Martin. 2006. “History of HAART: The True Story of How Effective Multi-drug Therapy was Developed for Treatment of HIV Disease.” Retrovirology 3(suppl1): S6. doi:10.1186/1742-4690-3-S1-S6.
13. Finkelstein, Amy, Sarah Taubman, Bill Wright, Mira Bernstein, Jonathan Gruber, Joseph P. Newhouse, Heidi Allen, Katherine Baicker, and the Oregon Health Study Group. 2012. “The Oregon Health Insurance Experiment: Evidence from the First Year.” Quarterly Journal of Economics 127 (3): 1057–106. doi:10.1093/qje/qjs020.
14. Goldman, Dana P., Timothy Juday, Daniel Seekins, Mark T. Linthicum, and John A. Romley. 2014. “Early HIV Treatment in the United States Prevented Nearly 13,500 Infections per Year During 1996–2009.” Health Affairs 33 (3): 362–69.
15. Gong, Erick. 2015. “HIV Testing and Risky Sexual Behaviour.” Economic Journal 125 (582): 32–60.
16. Gruber, Jonathan, and Kosali Simon. 2008. “Crowd-Out 10 Years Later: Have Recent Public Insurance Expansions Crowded Out Private Health Insurance?” Journal of Health Economics 27 (2): 201–17. doi:10.1016/j.jhealeco.2007.11.004.
17. Hall, H. Irene, David R. Holtgrave, and Catherine Maulsby. 2012. “HIV Transmission Rates from Persons Living with HIV Who Are Aware and Unaware of Their Infec-tion.” AIDS 26 (7): 893–96.
18. Ham, John C., Serkan Ozbeklik, and Lara D. Shore-Sheppard. 2011. “Estimating Heterogeneous Take-Up and Crowd-Out Responses to Marginal and Non-marginal Medicaid Expansions.” IZA Discussion Paper No. 5779. http://ssrn.com/abstract=1867048.
19. Hausman, Jerry A. 1978. “Specification Tests in Econometrics.” Econometrica 46 (6): 1251–71.
20. Jordan, Joyce, Alisa Adamo, and Tanya Ehrmann. 2000. “Innovations in Section 1115 Demonstrations.” Health Care Financing Review 22 (2): 49–59.
21. Kenkel, Donald S. 2000. “Chapter 31 Prevention.” In Handbook of Health Economics, edited by J. Culyer Anthony and Joseph P. Newhouse, 1675–1720. New York: Elsevier.
22. Kremer, Heidemarie, Gail Ironson, Neil Schneiderman, and Martin Hautzinger. 2006. “To Take or Not to Take: Decision-Making About Antiretroviral Treatment in People Living with HIV/AIDS.” AIDS Patient Care and STDs 20 (5): 335–49.
23. Lakdawalla, Darius, Neeraj Sood, and Dana Goldman. 2006. “HIV Breakthroughs and Risky Sexual Behavior.” Quarterly Journal of Economics 121 (3): 1063–102.
24. Lawrence-Hood, Yvette. 2008. An Examination of Risk, Perception of Risk, and Age-Related Differences in HIV Testing among a National Sample of Adults. PhD diss. Morgan State Univ. ProQuest 3307923.
25. Long, Sharon K., John A. Graves, and Stephen Zuckerman. 2007. “Assessing the Value of the NHIS for Studying Changes in State Coverage Policies: The Case of New York.” Health Services Research 42 (6 pt. 2): 2332–53.
26. Mack, Karin Ann, and Shayne Delmar Bland. 1999. “HIV Testing Behaviors and Attitudes Regarding HIV/AIDS of Adults Aged 50–64.” The Gerontologist 39 (6): 687– 94.
27. Manning, Willard G., Joseph P. Newhouse, Naihua Duan, Emmett B. Keeler, and Arleen Leibowitz. 1987. “Health Insurance and the Demand for Medical Care: Evidence from a Randomized Experiment.” American Economic Review 77 (3): 251–77.
28. Marks, Gary, Nicole Crepaz, and Robert S. Janssen. 2006. “Estimating Sexual Transmission of HIV from Persons Aware and Unaware That They Are Infected with the Virus in the USA.” AIDS 20 (10): 1447–50. doi:10.1097/01.aids.0000233579.79714.8d.
29. Marks, Gary, Nicole Crepaz, J. Walton Senterfitt, and Robert S. Janssen. 2005. “Meta-analysis of High-Risk Sexual Behavior in Persons Aware and Unaware They Are Infected with HIV in the United States: Implications for HIV Prevention Programs.” JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 39 (4): 446–53.
30. Monfardini, Chiara, and Rosalba Radice. 2008. “Testing Exogeneity in the Bivariate Probit Model: A Monte Carlo Study.” Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics 70 (2): 271–82.
31. Philipson, Tomas J., and Richard A. Posner. 1995. “A Theoretical and Empirical Investigation of the Effects of Public Health Subsidies for STD Testing.” Quarterly Journal of Economics 110 (2): 445–74.
32. Phillips, Kathryn A. 1993. “Subjective Knowledge of AIDS and Use of HIV Testing.” American Journal of Public Health 83 (10): 1460–62.
33. Romley, John A., Timothy Juday, Matthew D. Solomon, Daniel Seekins, Ronald Brook-meyer, and Dana P. Goldman. 2014. “Early HIV Treatment Led to Life Expectancy Gains Valued at $80 Billion for People Infected in 1996–2009.” Health Affairs 33 (3): 370–77.
34. Shore-Sheppard, Lara, Thomas C. Buchmueller, and Gail A. Jensen. 2000. “Medicaid and Crowding Out of Private Insurance: A Re-examination Using Firm Level Data.” Journal of Health Economics 19 (1): 61–91. doi:10.1016/S0167-6296(99)00019-3.
35. Takahashi, Traci A., Kay M. Johnson, and Katharine A. Bradley. 2005. “A Population-Based Study of HIV Testing Practices and Perceptions in 4 US States.” Journal of General Internal Medicine 20 (7): 618–22.
36. Thornton, Rebecca L. 2008. “The Demand for, and Impact of, Learning HIV Status.” American Economic Review 98 (5): 1829–63.
37. Weinhardt, Lance S., Michael P. Carey, Blair T. Johnson, and Nicole L. Bickham. 1999. “Effects of HIV Counseling and Testing on Sexual Risk Behavior: A Meta-analytic Review of Published Research, 1985–1997.” American Journal of Public Health 89 (9): 1397–1405.
38. White House Office of National AIDS Policy. 2010. “National HIV/AIDS Strategy for the United States.” Accessed July 31, 2014. http://aids.gov/federal-resources/national-hiv-aids-strategy/overview/.
39. Wood, Evan, Kathy Li, Cari L. Miller, Robert S. Hogg, Julio S. G. Montaner, Martin T. Schechter, and Thomas Kerr. 2005. “Baseline Self-Perceived Risk of HIV Infection Independently Predicts the Rate of HIV Seroconversion in a Prospective Cohort of Injection Drug Users.” International Journal of Epidemiology 34 (1): 152–58.