Impartiality is not fair: Toward an alternative approach to the evaluation of content bias in news stories

Journalism

Volumn 17, Issue 5, 2016, Pages 600-618

  Boudana, Sandrine ^a  

^a TEL AVIV UNIVERSITY   (Israel)

Author keywords

Balance; bias; fairness; impartiality; journalistic values; non partisanship; objectivity

Indexed keywords

EID: 84976470055     PISSN: 14648849     EISSN: 17413001     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/1464884915571295     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Altschull HJ, (1995) Agents of Power. White Plains, NY: Longman.
2. Aron R, (1938) Introduction à la philosophie de l'histoire. Essai sur les limites de l'objectivité historique. Paris: Gallimard.
3. Barkin SM, (1984) The journalist as storyteller: An interdisciplinary perspective. American Journalism 1 (2): 27-33.
4. Bennett WL, (1996) An introduction to journalism norms and representations of politics. Political Communication 13 (4): 373-384.
5. Boudana S, (2009) The journalistic referents: A crucial distinction between sources and voices. Communication Review 12 (3): 284-294.
6. Boudana S, (2010a) On the values guiding the French practices of journalism. Interviews with thirteen war correspondents. Journalism 11 (3): 293-310.
7. Boudana S, (2010b) Journalistic objectivity as a performance. The case of the French press coverage of the Second Intifada. Unpublished PhD dissertation, Hebrew University of Jerusalem.
8. Boudana S, (2011) A definition of journalistic objectivity as a performance. Media, Culture and Society 33 (3): 385-398.
9. Boykoff MT, Boykoff JM, (2004) Balance as bias: Global warming and the U.S. prestige press. Global Environmental Change 14: 125-136.
10. Campbell J, (1972) Myths to Live by. New York: Penguin/Arkana.
11. Cunningham SB, (1999) Getting it right: Aristotle's 'Golden Mean' as theory deterioration. Journal of Mass Media Ethics 14 (1): 5-15.
12. D'Alessio D, Allen M, (2000) Media bias in presidential elections: a meta-analysis. Journal of Communication 50 (4): 133-156.
13. Drew DG, (1975) Reporters' attitudes, expected meetings with source and journalistic objectivity. Journalism Quarterly 52 (2): 219-271.
14. Entman RM, (1993) Framing: Toward clarification of a fractured paradigm. Journal of Communication 43 (4): 51-68.
15. Entman RM, (2007) Framing bias: Media in the distribution of power. Journal of Communication 57 (1): 163-173.
16. Entman RM, (2010) Media framing biases and political power: Explaining slant in news of campaign 2008. Journalism 11 (4): 389-408.
17. Entman RM, Matthes J, Pellicano L, (2009) Nature, sources, and effects of news framing. In: Wahl-Jorgensen K, Hanitsch T, (eds) The Handbook of Journalism Studies. New York: Routledge, pp. 175-191.
18. Friedman T, (1998) From heroic objectivity to the news stream: The Newseum's strategies for relegitimizing journalism in the information age. Critical Studies in Mass Communication 15: 325-335.
19. Galtung J, (1998) High road, low road: Charting the course for peace journalism. Track Two 7 (4). Available at: http://reference.sabinet.co.za/webx/access/electronic-journals/track2/track2-v7-n4-a4.htm
20. Gitlin T, (1980) The Whole World Is Watching: Mass Media in the Making and Unmaking of the New Left. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
21. Glasser TL, (1984) The puzzle of objectivity I. Objectivity precludes responsibility. Quill 72 (2): 12-16.
22. Gouteux J-P, (1999) Le Monde, un contre pouvoir? Désinformation et manipulation sur le génocide rwandais. Paris: L'esprit frappeur.
23. Hackett RA, (1984) Decline of a paradigm? Bias and objectivity in news media studies. Critical Studies in Mass Communication 1 (3): 229-259.
24. Hall S, Critcher C, Jefferson T, et al. (1978) Policing the Crisis: Mugging, the State, and Law and Order. London: Macmillan Publishers.
25. Hartley J, (1982) Understanding News. London: Routledge.
26. Hirsch ED, Jr (1984) Meaning and significance reinterpreted. Critical Inquiry 11 (2): 202-225.
27. Kant I, (1998 [1785]) Groundwork for the Metaphysics of Morals. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
28. Kaplan RL, (2002) Politics and the American Press: The Rise of Objectivity, 1865-1920. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
29. Klaidman S, Beauchamp TL, (1987) The Virtuous Journalist. New York: Oxford University Press.
30. Labov W, (1997) Some further steps in narrative analysis. Journal of Narrative and Life History 7 (1-4): 395-415.
31. Labov W, (2001) Uncovering the event structure of narrative. In: Tannen D, Alatis J, (eds) Georgetown University Round Table on Languages and Linguistics. Georgetown: Georgetown University Press, pp. 63-83.
32. Le Priol P-Y, (2000) De Gaza aux banlieues, la guerre des images. La Croix, 17, p. 4.
33. Lippmann W, (1931) Two revolutions in the American press. Yale Review 20: 437-440.
34. Little D, (1993) Evidence and objectivity in the social sciences. Social Research 60 (2): 363-396.
35. Lynch J, (2006) What's so great about peace journalism? Global Media Journal 9: 74-87.
36. McCombs M, Ghanem SI, (2001) The convergence of agenda-setting and framing. In: Reese SD, Gandy O, Grant AE, (eds) Framing Public Life. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, pp. 67-82.
37. McNair B, (1996) News and Journalism in the United Kingdom. London: Routledge.
38. Mann O, (2002) 'Jour de rage' à Gaza. Sud Ouest, 24, p. 4.
39. Maslog CC, Lee ST, (2005) War or peace journalism? Asian newspaper coverage of conflicts. Journal of Communication 55 (2): 311-329.
40. Matthes J, Kohring M, (2008) The content analysis of media frames: Toward improving reliability and validity. Journal of Communication 58 (2): 258-279.
41. Propp V, (1984) Theory and History of Folklore. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.
42. Schudson M, (1978) Discovering the News. New York: Basic Books.
43. Schudson M, (1990) Origins of the Ideal of Objectivity in the Professions. New York: Garland Publishing.
44. Sigal LV, (1973) Reporters and Officials: The Organization and Politics of Newsmaking. Lexington, KY: D. C. Heath and Company.
45. Stephens M, (1988) A History of News. New York: Viking.
46. Tuchman G, (1972) Objectivity as a strategic ritual: An examination of newsmen's notions of objectivity. American Journal of Sociology 77: 660-679.