Invasive Species and Food Security

Advances in Global Change Research

Volumn 35, Issue , 2010, Pages 157-176

  McBeath, Jenifer Huang ^a   McBeath, Jerry ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ALASKA FAIRBANKS   (United States)

Author keywords

Amazonian snail; American white moth; Global Invasive Species Program (GISP); Integrated pest management; Invasive species; Mosquitofish; Precautionary principle; Water hyacinth; World Conservation Union (WCU)

Indexed keywords

EID: 84973579794     PISSN: 15740919     EISSN: 22151621     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4020-9180-3_6     Document Type: Chapter

References (75)

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37. Ding. et al., 1995, 51.
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40. The pinewood nematode is believed to be native to the United States. It feeds on fungi within the wood and on living plant cells surrounding the resin canals of pines. The pine sawyer beetle carries the nematode in the tracheae of its respiratory system, and thus spreads them from tree to tree. Huge populations of nematodes develop in the trees, causing them to wilt and die. It appears that the pinewood nematode arrived in China in packing materials of US or Japanese containers in the early 1980s, spreading to coastal cities from Beijing to Guangzhou. See: Bruce Fraedrich, “Pinewood Nematode.” Charlotte, NC: Bartlett Tree Research Laboratory Technical Report, 1999; also see abstracts, International Symposium on Pine Wilt Disease Caused by the Pine Wood Nematode. Beijing, 1995; and “Pine Wilt Disease – Pathogen Biology” at http://www.apsnet.org/education/lessonsplantpath/PineWilt/pathbio.htm (retrieved February 29, 2008).
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54. See: http://www.gisp.org/about/members.asp (retrieved October 21, 2007).
55. The precautionary principle is Principle 15 of Agenda 21, adopted at the United Nations Conference on the Environment and Development in 1992. It is defined as: “In order to protect the environment, the precautionary approach shall be widely applied by States according to their capabilities. Where there are threats of serious or irreversible damage, lack of full scientific certainty shall not be used as a reason for postponing measures to prevent environmental degradation.”
56. McNeely, 2001, 175.
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58. Ding and Xie, 2001, 111.
59. Editorial committee, 2008, 27.
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61. Editorial Committee, 2008, 28.
62. Ding and Xie, 2001, 128.
63. Ding and Xie, 2001, 129.
64. http://www.guardian.co.uk/enviornment/2008/jun/30/pollution.olympicgames2008 (retrieved July 24, 2008).
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66. Ding and Xie, 2001, 129.
67. Ding and Xie, 2001, 142.
68. Ding and Xie, 2001, 129.
69. Ding and Xie, 2001, 143–44.
70. Ding and Xie, 2001, 129.
71. China Environment Forum, “An Odyssey of Ecological Invasion: Invasive Species Challenges and Collaboration Globally and Between the U.S. & China,” October 19, 2005.
72. See Xie et al., 2001, 108.
73. These future directions correspond closely to the action plans on alien invasive species outlined in China’s Strategy for Plant Conservation: “Action 10.1 Establishing and improving related laws and regulations and emphasizing risk assessment of alien organisms . . . Action 10.1 Enhancing scientific research on alien invasive organisms . . . . Action 10.3 Enhancing inter-departmental information exchange and actively initiating international cooperation . . . Action 10.4 Enhancing technical training and public education of alien invasive organisms.” See Editorial Committee, 2008, 28–29.
74. Xiaofu Xie, Plant Introduction (in Chinese). Beijing: Science Press, 1994.
75. Ding and Xie, 2001, 103.