The doctrine of Jihad: An introduction

Journal of Law and Religion

Volumn 3, Issue 2, 1985, Pages 381-397

  Mohammad, Noor ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BALTIMORE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84972102691     PISSN: 07480814     EISSN: 21633088     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2307/1051182     Document Type: Article

References (73)

1. Readers unfamiliar with Islam would find useful a chapter by the author An Introduction to Islamic Law, V Modern Legal Systems Cyclopedia 681–92 (Redden ed. 1985).
2. See also J. L. Esposito, Islam & Politics 10 (1984).
3. See W. M. Watt, The Majesty That Was Islam (1984).
4. F. M. Donner, The Early Islamic Conquests 1–7 (1981).
5. H. J. Berman, Law & Revolution 18–19 (1983). His six revolutions are: 1) Russian Revolution, 2) French Revolution, 3) American Revolution, 4) English Revolution, 5) Protestant Reformation, and 6) Papal Revolution of 1075–1122.
6. According to biographers, Muhammad would retire for meditation during the months of Ramadan in the nearby hill known as the Mountain of Light. In the fifth year of retreat an angel came and announced to him that God (Allah) had chosen him as God's Messenger to all humanity. See M. H. Haykal, Life of Muhammad (1976);
7. M. Lings, Mohammad, His Life Based on the Earliest Sources (1983);
8. M. Hamidullah, Introduction to Islam (1977).
9. M. Hamidullah, note 5, at 9.
10. M. Assad, Islam at the Crossroads 19–20 (1982). He explains this point with clarity by citing from the Quran,”I have not created the invisible being and mankind to any end other than that they may (know and) worship me” (Surah 51:56).
11. F. Rahman, Islam 33 (1979).
12. A. Shariati, On Sociology of Islam 82–87 (1979). A compilation of lectures by a contemporary Shiite revolutionary thinker who is held in high esteem by both Sunni and Shiite alike.
13. The Holy Quran, S-LXXIII, 5–11.
14. F. Rahman, note 8, at 25.
15. Esposito, note 1, at 17.
16. F. Rahman, note 8, at 100.
17. M. Khadduri, War & Peace in Islam 69–71 (1955). This book deals broadly with the subject of Jihad.
18. M. Assad, The Principles of State and Government in Islam 70 (1980).
19. Y. Ali, The Holy Quran, note 2861 (1977).
20. Id. at note 1270.
21. The Holy Quran S-XI, 191–195.
22. Y. Ali, note 16, footnote 205.
23. M. Assad, note 15, at 71.
24. Sahih-al-Bukhari 34–204. There are other collections of Hadith by distinguished Imams, chief among them being Muslim. See also I. Taymia, Public Duties in Islam 72–133 (1982).
25. M. Khadduri, note 14, at 56–57
26. See generally J. Williams, Themes of Islamic Civilization 278–82 (1971);
27. I. Taymia, note 22, at 78–79.
28. See also M. Assad, note 15, at 70–71 and
29. M. Khadduri, note 14, at 56–57.
30. I. Assad, note 15, at 72.
31. M. Khadduri, note 14, at 80.
32. A. Azzam, The Eternal Message of Muhammad 136–40 (1964);
33. M. Khadduri, The Islamic Conception of Justice 162–63 (1984) [hereinafter cited as Justice].
34. See also M. Hamidullah, Islamic Conduct of State 111–18; and
35. S. Maudoodi, The Islamic Law & Constitution 255–79 (1969).
36. Rahman, note 8, at 26–28. The author gives an admirable treatment of Jews and Christians and Quranic references about both these religions;
37. see also J. Williams, note 23, at 301–02 (1979).
38. See generally on Jewish and Muslim relations, B. Ahmad, Muhammad & The Jews: A re-examination (1979);
39. M. Rodinson, Mohammad (1974).
40. M. Hamidullah, Muslim Conduct of State 162 (1953). This is a treatise of Muslim public international law, consisting of the laws of peace, war, and neutrality, together with precedents from orthodox practice.
41. M. Hamidullah See also Justice, note 26, at 164–65.
42. M. Hamidullah, note 28, at 162.
43. M. Hamidullah, note 28, at 299.
44. See also M. Khadduri, note 14, at 103–08.
45. M. Hamidullah, note 28, at 301.
46. M. Hamidullah, Muslim Conduct of State Id. at 302.
47. F. Donner, The Early Islamic Conquest (1981).
48. J. Williams, note 23, at 237–75;
49. see also M. Khadduri, note 14, at 74.
50. J. Esposito, note 1, at 5–9.
51. P. Hitti, History of the Arabs 189–98 (10th ed.1970);
52. J. Esposito, note 1, at 9–15 has a concise account of this period.
53. J. Esposito note 1, at 15–23.
54. See generally P. Hitti, note 36, at 288–428.
55. M. Khadduri, note 14, at 64–66.
56. E. Sivan, Radical Islam, Medieval Theology and Modern Politics 90–92 (1985).
57. Radical Islam, Medieval Theology and Modern Politics Id. at 94.
58. W. Dietl, Holy War 13–47 (1984).
59. E. Mortimer, Faith & Power: The Politics of Islam 64–68 (1982);
60. B. Met-calf, Islamic Revival in British India, 1860–1900 (1982). The author deals admirably with the background of Shah Waliullah and his movement including his successors. A further coverage in this valuable work is the Jihad by Sayyid Ahmad Barelwi against the Sikhs.
61. N. Keddie, S. Jamaladdin Afghani (1972).
62. S. Maududi, The Meaning of the Quran (Ch. Akbar Muhammad trans. 1975).
63. See also S. Maududi, The Sick Nations of the World.
64. See generally E. Sivan, note 39.
65. U. Abd-Allah, The Islamic Struggle in Syria (1983);
66. see also Bill, Resurgent Islam, 63 Foreign Affairs 108 (1985).
67. For a study of Muslim struggles in the Soviet Russia see A. Bennigsen & S. Wimbush, Muslim National Communism in the Soviet Union: A Strategy for the Colonial World (1979).
68. I. Khomeini, Islam and Revolution: (H. Alger trans. 1980);
69. N. Keddie, Scholars, Saints & Sufis: Muslim Religious Institutions in the Middle East Since 1500 230–55 (1983);
70. K. Siddique, Khomeini's Iran: An Islamic Perspective(1980).
71. D. Pipes, In The Path of God: Islam and Political Power 277 (1983). The author informs us of the newest Muslim community in South Korea. It developed as a result of the stationing of Turkish soldiers there in the 1950's. The soldiers’ contact with the natives started Islam there. The present number of Muslims has already reached 50,000 and they have their own college in Pusan. Similarly there is a small but growing community of Muslims in Japan.
72. W. Dietl, note 41, at 340.
73. See R. Wright, Sacred Rage (1985). The author displays conceptual clarity as well as intellectual integrity in this remarkable book.