State power and the structure of international trade

World Politics

Volumn 28, Issue 3, 1976, Pages 317-347

  Krasner, Stephen D ^a  

^a NONE

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[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84972091498     PISSN: 00438871     EISSN: 10863338     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2307/2009974     Document Type: Article

References (72)

1. Johnson, “Optimum Tariffs and Retaliation,” in Harry Johnson, International Trade and Economic Growth (Cambridge: Harvard University Press 1967), 31–61.
2. See, for instance, Everett Hagen, “An Economic Justification of Protectionism,” Quarterly Journal of Economics, Vol. 72 (November 1958), 496–514.
3. Harry Johnson, “Optimal Trade Intervention in the Presence of Domestic Distortions,” in Robert Baldwin and others, Trade, Growth and the Balance of Payments: Essays in Honor of Gottfried Haberler (Chicago: Rand McNally 1965), 3–34.
4. Jagdish Bhagwati, Trade, Tariffs, and Growth (Cambridge: MIT Press 1969), 295–308.
5. This notion is reflected in Albert O. Hirschman, National Power and the Structure of Foreign Trade (Berkeley: University of California Press 1945).
6. Robert W. Tucker, The New Isolationism: Threat or Promise? (Washington: Potomac Associates 1972).
7. Kenneth Waltz, “The Myth of Interdependence,” in Charles P. Kindleberger, ed., The International Corporation (Cambridge: MIT Press 1970), 205–23.
8. Hirschman (fn. 3), 13–34.
9. Simon Kuznets, Modern Economic Growth: Rate, Structure, and Spread (New Haven: Yale University Press 1966), 302.
10. See David P. Calleo and Benjamin Rowland, America and the World Political Economy (Bloomington: Indiana University Press 1973).
11. Part II, for a discussion of American thought; Eli Heckscher, Mercantilism (New York: Macmillan 1955).
12. D. C. Coleman, ed., Revisions in Mercantilism (London: Methuen 1969), for the classic discussion and a collection of recent articles on mercantilism.
13. Andre Gunder Frank, Latin America: Underdevelopment or Revolution (New York: Monthly Review 1969).
14. Arghiri Emmanuel, Unequal Exchange: A Study of the Imperialism of Trade (New York: Monthly Review 1972).
15. Johan Galtung, “A Structural Theory of Imperialism,” Journal of Peace Research, VIII, No. 2 (1971), 81–117, for some representative arguments about the deleterious effects of free trade.
16. See Gottfried Haberler, International Trade and Economic Development (Cairo: National Bank of Egypt 1959).
17. Carlos F. Diaz-Alejandro, “Latin America: Toward 2000 A. D.,” in Jagdish Bhagwati, ed., Economics and World Order from the 1970s to the 1990s (New York: Macmillan 1972), 223–55, for some arguments concerning the benefits of trade.
18. See Harry Johnson, Economic Policies Toward Less Developed Countries (New York: Praeger 1967), 90–94, for a discussion of nominal versus effective tariffs.
19. Bela Belassa, Trade Liberalization among Industrial Countries (New York: McGraw-Hill 1967), chap. 3, for the problems of determining the height of tariffs.
20. Hans O. Schmitt, “International Monetary System: Three Options for Reform,” International Affairs, I (April 1974), 200, for similar effects of tariffs and undervalued exchange rates.
21. Charles P. Kindleberger, “The Rise of Free Trade in Western Europe 1820–1875,” The Journal of Economic History, XXXV (March 1975), 20–55.
22. Sidney Pollard, European Economic Integration 1815–1970 (London: Thames and Hudson 1974), 117.
23. J. B. Condliffe, The Commerce of Nations (New York: Norton 1950), 212–23, 229–30.
24. Charles P. Kindleberger, “Group Behavior and International Trade,” Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 59 (February 1951), 33.
25. Condliffe (fn. 9), 498.
26. Pollard (fn. 9), 121.
27. Peter A. Gourevitch, “International Trade, Domestic Coalitions, and Liberty: Comparative Responses to the Great Depression of 1873–1896,” paper delivered to the International Studies Association Convention, Washington, 1973.
28. Charles P. Kindelberger, The World in Depression (Berkeley: University of California Press 1973), 171.
29. Condliffe (fn. 9), 478–81.
30. Condliffe (fn. 9), 498.
31. Robert Gilpin, “The Politics of Transnational Economic Relations,” International Organization, XXV (Summer 1971), 407.
32. Kindelberger (fn. 11), 132, 171.
33. John W. Evans, The Kennedy Round in American Trade Policy (Cambridge: Harvard University Press 1971), 10–20.
34. Figures are available in United Nations, Yearbook of National Account Statistics, various years.
35. Richard I. Savage and Karl W. Deutsch, “A Statistical Model of the Gross Analysis of Transaction Flows,” Econometrica, XXVIII (July 1960), 551–72.
36. Richard Chadwick and Karl W. Deutsch, in “International Trade and Economic Integration: Further Developments in Trade Matrix Analysis,” Comparative Political Studies, VI (April 1973), 84–109, make some amendments to earlier methods of calculation when regional groupings are being analyzed. These are not reflected in Table I. I am indebted to Professor Deutsch for giving me access to the unpublished data presented in the table.
37. League of Nations, Industrialization and Foreign Trade (1945, II.A.10), 13.
38. Mira Wilkins, The Emergence of Multinational Enterprise (Cambridge: Harvard University Press 1970), 45–65.
39. John Gallagher and Ronald Robinson, “The Imperialism of Free Trade,” Economic History Review, 2nd Series, VI (August 1953), 1–15.
40. Kindleberger (fn. 9), 41.
41. Robert Triffin, The Evolution of the International Monetary System (Princeton: Princeton Studies in International Finance, No. 12, 1964), 2–20.
42. R. G. Hawtrey, The Gold Standard in Theory and Practice (London: Longmans, Green 1947), 69–80.
43. Leland Yeager, International Monetary Relations (New York: Harper and Row 1966), 251–61.
44. Sidney E. Rolfe and James Burtle, The Great Wheel: The World Monetary System, a Reinterpretation (New York: Quadrangle 1973), 10–11.
45. Condliffe (fn. 9), 343–80.
46. Raymond Aron, The Imperial Republic (Englewood Cliffs, N. J.: Prentice-Hall 1973), 191.
47. Gilpin (fn. 12), 409–12.
48. Calleo and Rowland (fn. 6), chap. 3.
49. Lloyd Gardner, Economic Aspects of New Deal Diplomacy (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press 1964), 389.
50. Gilpin (fn. 12), 409.
51. Triffin (fn. 19), 22–28.
52. Rolfe and Burtle (fn. 19), 13–55.
53. Yeager (fn. 19), 278–317.
54. Kindleberger (fn. 11), 270–71.
55. Kindleberger (fn. 11), 199–224.
56. Yeager (fn. 19), 314.
57. Condliffe (fn. 9), 499.
58. Triffin (fn. 19), 22.
59. Kindleberger (fn. 11), 296.
60. Condliffe (fn. 9), 494–97.
61. Evans (fn. 13), 7.
62. Robert Gilpin, American Power and the Multinationals: The Political Economy of Foreign Investment (New York: Basic Books 1975), chap. 3.
63. Kindleberger (fn. 11), 294.
64. Yeager (fn. 19), 279.
65. Condliffe (fn. 9), 347.
66. This draws from arguments made by Theodore Lowi, particularly his “Four Systems of Policy, Politics and Choice,” Public Administration Review, XXXII (July-August 1972), 298–310.
67. See also E. E. Schattschneider, Politics, Pressures and the Tariff: A Study of Free Enterprise in Pressure Politics as Shown in the 1929–1930 Revision of the Tariff (New York: Prentice-Hall 1935).
68. See Janet Kelly, “American Banks in London,” Ph. D. diss. (Johns Hopkins University 1975), for a study of the overseas expansion of American banks in the postwar period.
69. Schattschneider (fn. 31), 288.
70. See Peter J. Katzenstein, “Transnational Relations and Domestic Structures: Foreign Economic Policies of Advanced Industrial States,” International Organization, XXX (Winter 1976), for a suggestive discussion of the impact of the relative power of state and society on foreign economic policy.
71. See also Samuel P. Huntington, “Paradigms of American Politics: Beyond the One, the Two, and the Many,” Political Science Quarterly, Vol. 89 (March 1974), 16–17, as well as.
72. Huntington, Political Order in Changing Societies (New Haven: Yale University Press 1968), chap. 2.