Wellington house and british propaganda during the first world war

The Historical Journal

Volumn 18, Issue 1, 1975, Pages 119-146

  Sanders, M L ^a  

^a Trent Park College of Education ^*  (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84971707641     PISSN: 0018246X     EISSN: 14695103     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0018246X00008700     Document Type: Article

References (51)

1. This article is based on the author's unpublished thesis: M. L. Sanders, ‘Official British Propaganda in Allied and Neutral Countries during the First World War with special reference to organisation and methods’, M. Phil. thesis, London, 1972.
2. Herbert Asquith to the King, 31 Aug. 1914, Cab. 41/35/38, P.R.O.
3. For further detail see M. L. Sanders, p. 17 and footnote 1, and p. 81.
4. See Appendix A - Namier was listed as a journalist at that time.
5. 1st report of the work of Wellington House, 7 June 1915, p. i, Inf. 4/5 (Min. of Inf.), P.R.O.
6. For a detailed list see James Duane Squires, British Propaganda at Home and in the United States from 1914 to 1917 (1st edn. Cambridge, Mass. 1935), pp. 16 ff.
7. For a more detailed discussion see M. L. Sanders, pp. 20 ff.
8. Inf. 4/5, P.R.O.
9. F.O. 371/2837, P.R.O.
10. Masterman to Robert Cecil, 31 Jan. 1916, F.O. 395/2833, P.R.O.
11. Report on Propaganda arrangements by Robert Donald, 9 Jan. 1917, p. 3, Inf. 4/4B, P.R.O.
12. Idem.
13. War Cabinet minutes, 2 Jan. 1917, Cab. 23/WC25, P.R.O.
14. Memorandum to the cabinet, 3 Feb. 1917, Inf. 4/1B, P.R.O.
15. See Appendix B.
16. This was known as the ‘business section ‘since the idea was to commercially exploit the propaganda it produced.
17. War Cabinet minute, Cab. 23/WC75, P.R.O.
18. Donald to Scott, 29 May 1917, Inf. 4/7, P.R.O. 23 Idem.
19. Originally the other members were Lord Northcliffe, C. P. Scott, and Lord Burnham, though Lord Beaverbrook soon replaced Northcliffe who was sent on a mission to the U.S.A.
20. Janet Adam Smith, John Buchan (1st edn. London, 1965), p. 209.
21. Reports on Various Branches of Propaganda Work and Recommendations, Inquiry into the extent and efficiency of propaganda by Robert Donald, 4 Dec. 1917, Inf. 4/4B, P.R.O.
22. Reply by Masterman to reports on Dept, of Inf. Appendix II, 29 Dec. 1917, Inf. 4/5, P.R.O.
23. For details see M. L. Sanders, pp. 48 ff. 30 Dated 28 Dec. 1917.
24. Buchan to Carson, 28 Dec. 1917, Inf. 4/5;. P.R.O.
25. See Appendix C.
26. Confidential report on Wellington House by Major-General A. D. McRae, 1 July 1918, F/2/307, Beaverbrook papers, Beaverbrook Library.
27. For a detailed analysis of these disputes, see M. L. Sanders, pp. 62 ff.
28. (11 Sept. 1918, F/2a/i/2, Beaverbrook papers, Beaverbrook Library. 3’ Inf. 4/5, P.R.O.
29. 1st report Wellington House, p. 4.
30. Report to Foreign Office, Nov. 1914, F.O. 371/1950, P.R.O.
31. (10 Sept. 1916, F.O. 395/51, P.R.O.
32. File on Duma visit, F.O. 395/2825, P.R.O.
33. The magazine was a failure - see M. L. Sanders, p. 93.
34. July 1917, F.O. 395/74, P.R.O.
35. Report from Ernest Maxse to Foreign Office, 23 Mar. 1917, F.O. 395/100, P.R.O.
36. Memo to Foreign Office by G. H. Mair, n Sept. 1916, F.O. 371/2833, P.R.O.
37. Feb. 1916, p. 3, Inf. 4/5, P.R.O.
38. 3rd report Wellington House, F.O. 37172837, P.R.O.
39. See M. L. Sanders, p. 101 ff.
40. Inf. 4/5, P.R.O. p. 6.
41. Barclay to the Foreign Office, 10 Sept. 1915, F.O. 371/2577, P.R.O.
42. Report to Foreign Office, 29 May 1916, F.O. 395/37, P.R.O.
43. Film and Censorship in England, Chap. XI, ‘The War Years Inf. 4/2, P.R.O.
44. Bromhead's report to Cinema Committee, June 1916, F.O. 395/25 (see also F.O. 371/2825), P.R.O.
45. Report to Foreign Office, 19 Feb. 1916, 371/2831, P.R.O.
46. Greene to Foreign Office, 2 Jan. 1917, F.O. 395/92, P.R.O.
47. 1st report Wellington House, p. 3.
48. Allison's report to the Foreign Office, Oct. 1917, F.O. 395/66, P.R.O.
49. File on Lusitania medal, F.O. 395/42, P.R.O. - a specimen of the Lusitania medal is kept in the safe of the P.R.O. and is available for inspection. The intention of the original medal was satirical but British propagandists interpreted it as a celebration of the sinking and presented it in this light.
50. Butler was appointed following the Balfour Mission in Apr. 1917.
51. By Major-General A. D. McRae, 1 July 1918, F/2/307, Beaverbrook papers, Beaverbrook Library.