Combined hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma: Controversies to be addressed

World Journal of Gastroenterology

Volumn 22, Issue 18, 2016, Pages 4459-4465

  Wang, An Qiang ^a   Zheng, Yong Chang ^a   Du, Juan ^a,b   Zhu, Cheng Pei ^a   Huang, Han Chun ^a   Wang, Shan Shan ^a   Wu, Liang Cai ^a   Wan, Xue Shuai ^a   Zhang, Hao Hai ^a   Miao, Ruo Yu ^c   Sang, Xin Ting ^a   Zhao, Hai Tao ^a  

^a PEKING UNION MEDICAL COLLEGE HOSPITAL   (China)

^b PLA Rocket Force General Hospital   (China)

^c HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

Author keywords

Combined hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma; Pathology classification; Progenitor cell origin

Indexed keywords

CISPLATIN; DOXORUBICIN; FLUOROURACIL; UFT;

BILE DUCT CARCINOMA; CANCER ADJUVANT THERAPY; CANCER CLASSIFICATION; CANCER GENETICS; CANCER RADIOTHERAPY; CARCINOGENESIS; CLINICAL FEATURE; COMBINED HEPATOCELLULAR CHOLANGIOCARCINOMA; COMPUTER ASSISTED TOMOGRAPHY; DISEASE FREE SURVIVAL; HISTOPATHOLOGY; HUMAN; LIVER CELL CARCINOMA; LIVER RESECTION; LIVER TRANSPLANTATION; OVERALL SURVIVAL; PROGNOSIS; RISK FACTOR; SHORT SURVEY; STEM CELL; WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION; BILE DUCT TUMOR; CELL DIFFERENTIATION; CELL LINEAGE; CLASSIFICATION; GENETIC PREDISPOSITION; GENETICS; INTRAHEPATIC BILE DUCT; LIVER TUMOR; MIXED TUMOR; PATHOLOGY; PHENOTYPE;

BILE DUCT NEOPLASMS; BILE DUCTS, INTRAHEPATIC; CARCINOMA, HEPATOCELLULAR; CELL DIFFERENTIATION; CELL LINEAGE; CHOLANGIOCARCINOMA; GENETIC PREDISPOSITION TO DISEASE; HUMANS; LIVER NEOPLASMS; NEOPLASMS, COMPLEX AND MIXED; PHENOTYPE; PROGNOSIS;

EID: 84970983700     PISSN: 10079327     EISSN: 22192840     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i18.4459     Document Type: Short Survey

References (55)

1. Kassahun WT, Hauss J. Management of combined hepatocellular and cholangiocarcinoma. Int J Clin Pract 2008; 62: 1271-1278 [PMID: 18284443 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-1241.2007.01694.x]
2. Koh KC, Lee H, Choi MS, Lee JH, Paik SW, Yoo BC, Rhee JC, Cho JW, Park CK, Kim HJ. Clinicopathologic features and prognosis of combined hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma. Am J Surg 2005; 189: 120-125 [PMID: 15701504 DOI: 10.1016/ j.amjsurg.2004.03.018]
3. Goodman ZD, Ishak KG, Langloss JM, Sesterhenn IA, Rabin L. Combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma. A histologic and immunohistochemical study. Cancer 1985; 55: 124-135 [PMID: 2578078]
4. Lin G, Toh CH, Wu RC, Ko SF, Ng SH, Chou WC, Tseng JH. Combined hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma: prognostic factors investigated by computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging. Int J Clin Pract 2008; 62: 1199-1205 [PMID: 17537192 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-1241.2007.01291.x]
5. Allen RA, Lisa JR. Combined liver cell and bile duct carcinoma. Am J Pathol 1949; 25: 647-655 [PMID: 18152860]
6. Theise ND, Park YN, Nakanuma Y. Combined hepatocellularcholangiocarcinoma. In: Bosman FT, Carneiro F, Hruban RH, Theise ND, editors. WHO Classifica-tion of Tumours of the Digestive System, 4th ed. Lyon: IARC Press, 2010: 225-227
7. Kim H, Park C, Han KH, Choi J, Kim YB, Kim JK, Park YN. Primary liver carcinoma of intermediate (hepatocyte-cholangiocyte) phenotype. J Hepatol 2004; 40: 298-304 [PMID: 14739102]
8. Zhang F, Chen XP, Zhang W, Dong HH, Xiang S, Zhang WG, Zhang BX. Combined hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma originating from hepatic progenitor cells: immunohistochemical and double-fluorescence immunostaining evidence. Histopathology 2008; 52: 2 2 4-2 3 2 [ P M I D: 1 8 1 8 4 2 7 1 D O I: 1 0. 1111 / j.1365-2559.2007.02929.x]
9. Cai X, Zhai J, Kaplan DE, Zhang Y, Zhou L, Chen X, Qian G, Zhao Q, Li Y, Gao L, Cong W, Zhu M, Yan Z, Shi L, Wu D, Wei L, Shen F, Wu M. Background progenitor activation is associated with recurrence after hepatectomy of combined hepatocellularcholangiocarcinoma. Hepatology 2012; 56: 1804-1816 [PMID: 22684921 DOI: 10.1002/hep.25874]
10. The general rules for the clinical and pathological study of primary liver cancer. Liver Cancer Study Group of Japan. Jpn J Surg 1989; 19: 98-129 [PMID: 2659865]
11. Ishak KG, Anthony PP, Sobin LH. Histological Typing of the Liver. International Histological Classification of Tumours. WHO. 2nd ed. Hong Kong: Springer, 1994
12. Imai Y, Oda H, Arai M, Shimizu S, Nakatsuru Y, Inoue T, Ishikawa T. Mutational analysis of the p53 and K-ras genes and allelotype study of the Rb-1 gene for investigating the pathogenesis of combined hapatocellular-cholangiocellular carcinomas. Jpn J Cancer Res 1996; 87: 1056-1062 [PMID: 8957064]
13. Fujii H, Zhu XG, Matsumoto T, Inagaki M, Tokusashi Y, Miyokawa N, Fukusato T, Uekusa T, Takagaki T, Kadowaki N, Shirai T. Genetic classification of combined hepatocellularcholangiocarcinoma. Hum Pathol 2000; 31: 1011-1017 [PMID: 11014564 DOI: 10.1053/hupa.2000.9782]
14. Cazals-Hatem D, Rebouissou S, Bioulac-Sage P, Bluteau O, Blanché H, Franco D, Monges G, Belghiti J, Sa Cunha A, Laurent-Puig P, Degott C, Zucman-Rossi J. Clinical and molecular analysis of combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinomas. J Hepatol 2004; 41: 292-298 [PMID: 15288479 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2004.04.030]
15. Okada Y, Jinno K, Moriwaki S, Morichika S, Torigoe S, Arima T, Nagashima H, Koprowski H. Expression of ABH and Lewis blood group antigens in combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma. Possible evidence for the hepatocellular origin of combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma. Cancer 1987; 60: 345-352 [PMID: 3036328]
16. Akiba J, Nakashima O, Hattori S, Tanikawa K, Takenaka M, Nakayama M, Kondo R, Nomura Y, Koura K, Ueda K, Sanada S, Naito Y, Yamaguchi R, Yano H. Clinicopathologic analysis of combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma according to the latest WHO classification. Am J Surg Pathol 2013; 37: 496-505 [PMID: 23388123 DOI: 10.1097/PAS.0b013e31827332b0]
17. Zhu CP, Wang AQ, Zhang HH, Wan XS, Yang XB, Chen SG, Zhao HT. Research progress and prospects of markers for liver cancer stem cells. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21: 12190-12196 [PMID: 26576103 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i42.12190]
18. Kim GJ, Kim H, Park YN. Increased expression of Yes-associated protein 1 in hepatocellular carcinoma with stemness and combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma. PLoS One 2013; 8: e75449 [PMID: 24086533 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0075449]
19. Nakajima T, Kubosawa H, Kondo Y, Konno A, Iwama S. Combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma with variable sarcomatous transformation. Am J Clin Pathol 1988; 90: 309-312 [PMID: 2458034]
20. Jeong BJ, Hyun DH, Lee KW, Ryu ST, Lee JW, Lee JI, Jeong S, Lee DH, Kim PS, Kim HG, Kim YS, Kim JM. [A case of sarcomatoid combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma]. Korean J Gastroenterol 2004; 43: 56-60 [PMID: 14745254]
21. Kim JH, Lee YG, Lee J, Jung CK, Kim HT, Kang H, Kho KH, Hong SP, Hwang SG, Park PW, Rim GS. [A case of combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma with sarcomatous transformation and second primary colon cancer]. Korean J Hepatol 2004; 10: 142-147 [PMID: 15218348]
22. Xiang S, Chen YF, Guan Y, Chen XP. Primary combined hepatocellular-cholangiocellular sarcoma: An unusual case. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21: 7335-7342 [PMID: 26109824 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i23.7335]
23. Terada T. Combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma with stem cell features, ductal plate malformation subtype: a case report and proposal of a new subtype. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2013; 6: 737-748 [PMID: 23573322]
24. Jung W, Kim BH. Cholangiolocellular carcinoma with satellite nodules showing intermediate differentiation. Clin Mol Hepatol 2015; 21: 183-186 [PMID: 26157757 DOI: 10.3350/ cmh.2015.21.2.183]
25. Ikeda H, Harada K, Sato Y, Sasaki M, Yoneda N, Kitamura S, Sudo Y, Ooi A, Nakanuma Y. Clinicopathologic significance of combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma with stem cell subtype components with reference to the expression of putative stem cell markers. Am J Clin Pathol 2013; 140: 329-340 [PMID: 23955451 DOI: 10.1309/ajcp66avbanvntqj]
26. Sasaki M, Sato H, Kakuda Y, Sato Y, Choi JH, Nakanuma Y. Clinicopathological significance of 'subtypes with stem-cell feature' in combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma. Liver Int 2015; 35: 1024-1035 [PMID: 24712771 DOI: 10.1111/liv.12563]
27. Yang X, Li M, Liu Q, Zhang Y, Qian J, Wan X, Wang A, Zhang H, Zhu C, Lu X, Mao Y, Sang X, Zhao H, Zhao Y, Zhang X. Dr.VIS v2.0: an updated database of human disease-related viral integration sites in the era of high-throughput deep sequencing. Nucleic Acids Res 2015; 43: D887-D892 [PMID: 25355513 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gku1074]
28. Tomimatsu M, Ishiguro N, Taniai M, Okuda H, Saito A, Obata H, Yamamoto M, Takasaki K, Nakano M. Hepatitis C virus antibody in patients with primary liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma, and combined hepatocellularcholangiocarcinoma) in Japan. Cancer 1993; 72: 683-688 [PMID: 8192727]
29. Zhou YM, Zhang XF, Wu LP, Sui CJ, Yang JM. Risk factors for combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma: a hospital-based case-control study. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20: 12615-12620 [PMID: 25253966 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i35.12615]
30. Lee CC, Wu CY, Chen JT, Chen GH. Comparing combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma: a clinicopathological study. Hepatogastroenterology 2002; 49: 1487-1490 [PMID: 12397714]
31. Toh CH, Cheung YC, Ng SH, Lin CY, Chan SC, Ng KK. Combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma: a case report. Int J Clin Pract 2004; 58: 1170-1173 [PMID: 15646418]
32. Wan XS, Xu YY, Qian JY, Yang XB, Wang AQ, He L, Zhao HT, Sang XT. Intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct. World J Gastroenterol 2013; 19: 8595-8604 [PMID: 24379576 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i46.8595]
33. Wachtel MS, Zhang Y, Xu T, Chiriva-Internati M, Frezza EE. Combined hepatocellular cholangiocarcinomas; analysis of a large database. Clin Med Pathol 2008; 1: 43-47 [PMID: 21876650]
34. Ng IO, Shek TW, Nicholls J, Ma LT. Combined hepatocellularcholangiocarcinoma: a clinicopathological study. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1998; 13: 34-40 [PMID: 9737569]
35. Sanada Y, Shiozaki S, Aoki H, Takakura N, Yoshida K, Yamaguchi Y. A clinical study of 11 cases of combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma Assessment of enhancement patterns on dynamics computed tomography before resection. Hepatol Res 2005; 32: 185-195 [PMID: 15978872 DOI: 10.1016/ j.hepres.2005.04.003]
36. Shin CI, Lee JM, Kim SH, Choi JY, Lee JY, Han JK, Jo SY, Choi BI. Recurrence patterns of combined hepatocellularcholangiocarcinoma on enhanced computed tomography. J Comput Assist Tomogr 2007; 31: 109-115 [PMID: 17259842 DOI: 10.1097/01.rct.0000235072.34808.9b]
37. Fowler KJ, Sheybani A, Parker RA, Doherty S, M Brunt E, Chapman WC, Menias CO. Combined hepatocellular and cholangiocarcinoma (biphenotypic) tumors: imaging features and diagnostic accuracy of contrast-enhanced CT and MRI. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2013; 201: 332-339 [PMID: 23883213 DOI: 10.2214/ ajr.12.9488]
38. Dusenbery D. Combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma. Cytologic findings in four cases. Acta Cytol 1997; 41: 903-909 [PMID: 9167724]
39. Kilpatrick SE, Geisinger KR, Loggie BW, Hopkins MB. Cytomorphology of combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma in fine needle aspirates of the liver. A report of two cases. Acta Cytol 1993; 37: 943-947 [PMID: 7504382]
40. Eguchi H, Nagano H, Sakon M, Miyamoto A, Kondo M, Arai I, Morimoto O, Dono K, Umeshita K, Nakamori S, Wakasa K, Monden M. A successful resection and long-term survival of a patient with intrahepatic recurrences of combined hepatocellularcholangiocarcinoma: report of a case. Surg Today 2002; 32: 742-746 [PMID: 12181730 DOI: 10.1007/s005950200140]
41. Chan AC, Lo CM, Ng IO, Fan ST. Liver transplantation for combined hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma. Asian J Surg 2007; 30: 143-146 [PMID: 17475587 DOI: 10.1016/s1015-9584(09)60149-4]
42. Perkins JD. Transplanted patients with combined hepatocellularcholangiocarcinoma: now what? Liver Transpl 2007; 13: 1465-1466 [PMID: 17972421]
43. Panjala C, Senecal DL, Bridges MD, Kim GP, Nakhleh RE, Nguyen JH, Harnois DM. The diagnostic conundrum and liver transplantation outcome for combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma. Am J Transplant 2010; 10: 1263-1267 [PMID: 20420633 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2010.03062.x]
44. Vilchez V, Shah MB, Daily MF, Pena L, Tzeng CW, Davenport D, Hosein PJ, Gedaly R, Maynard E. Long-term outcome of patients undergoing liver transplantation for mixed hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma: an analysis of the UNOS database. HPB (Oxford) 2016; 18: 29-34 [PMID: 26776848 DOI: 10.1016/j.hpb.2015.10.001]
45. Groeschl RT, Turaga KK, Gamblin TC. Transplantation versus resection for patients with combined hepatocellular carcinomacholangiocarcinoma. J Surg Oncol 2013; 107: 608-612 [PMID: 23386397 DOI: 10.1002/jso.23289]
46. Itoh S, Ikegami T, Yoshizumi T, Wang H, Takeishi K, Harimoto N, Yamashita Y, Kawanaka H, Aishima S, Shirabe K, Maehara Y. Long-term outcome of living-donor liver transplantation for combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma. Anticancer Res 2015; 35: 2475-2476 [PMID: 25862916]
47. Hayashi H, Beppu T, Ishiko T, Mizumoto T, Masuda T, Okabe K, Baba Y, Okabe H, Takamori H, Kanemitsu K, Hiroto M, Baba H. [A 42-month disease free survival case of combined hepatocellularcholangiocarcinoma with lymph node metastases treated with multimodal therapy]. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho 2006; 33: 1941-1943 [PMID: 17212153]
48. Shimizu J, Hayashi S, Dono K, Yasumoto T, Zenitani M, Munakata K, Watanabe N, Takamoto K, Kagawa Y, Hata T, Kawanishi K, Ikeda K, Fujita J, Akagi K, Kitada M, Shimano T. [A case report of combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma whose lymph node recurrence effectively treated with UFT]. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho 2009; 36: 2380-2382 [PMID: 20037429]
49. Kim GM, Jeung HC, Kim D, Kim JH, Yoon SH, Jung ES, Shin SJ. A case of combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma with favorable response to systemic chemotherapy. Cancer Res Treat 2010; 42: 235-238 [PMID: 21253326 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2010.42.4.235]
50. Tickoo SK, Zee SY, Obiekwe S, Xiao H, Koea J, Robiou C, Blumgart LH, Jarnagin W, Ladanyi M, Klimstra DS. Combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma: a histopathologic, immunohistochemical, and in situ hybridization study. Am J Surg Pathol 2002; 26: 989-997 [PMID: 12170085]
51. Zhou L, Rui JA, Wang SB, Chen SG, Qu Q, Chi TY, Wei X, Han K, Zhang N, Zhao HT. Outcomes and prognostic factors of cirrhotic patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after radical major hepatectomy. World J Surg 2007; 31: 1782-1787 [PMID: 17610113 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-007-9029-z]
52. Park SE, Lee SH, Yang JD, Hwang HP, Hwang SE, Yu HC, Moon WS, Cho BH. Clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic factors in combined hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma. Korean J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg 2013; 17: 152-156 [PMID: 26155231 DOI: 10.14701/kjhbps.2013.17.4.152]
53. Chu KJ, Lu CD, Dong H, Fu XH, Zhang HW, Yao XP. Hepatitis B virus-related combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma: clinicopathological and prognostic analysis of 390 cases. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2014; 26: 192-199 [PMID: 24370644 DOI: 10.1097/MEG.0b013e3283625df9]
54. Kim SH, Park YN, Lim JH, Choi GH, Choi JS, Kim KS. Characteristics of combined hepatocelluar-cholangiocarcinoma and comparison with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Eur J Surg Oncol 2014; 40: 976-981 [PMID: 24909336 DOI: 10.1016/ j.ejso.2014.04.016]
55. Miao R, Luo H, Zhou H, Li G, Bu D, Yang X, Zhao X, Zhang H, Liu S, Zhong Y, Zou Z, Zhao Y, Yu K, He L, Sang X, Zhong S, Huang J, Wu Y, Miksad RA, Robson SC, Jiang C, Zhao Y, Zhao H. Identification of prognostic biomarkers in hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma and stratification by integrative multiomics analysis. J Hepatol 2014; 61: 840-849 [PMID: 24859455 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2014.05.025]