Cultural and Social Factors Influencing Mortality Levels in Developing Countries

The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science

Volumn 510, Issue 1, 1990, Pages 44-59

  Caldwell, John C ^a  

^a AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84970670898     PISSN: 00027162     EISSN: 15523349     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0002716290510001004     Document Type: Article

References (51)

1. William Farr, Vital Statistics: A Memorial Volume of Selections from the Reports and Writings of William Farr (Metuchen, NJ: Scarecrow Press, 1975).
2. Ellen Ross, “Mothers and the State in Britain, 1904-1914” (Paper delivered at the Conference on the Historical Context and Consequences of Declining Fertility in Europe, Cambridge Meeting, July 1989); Philippa Mein Smith, “Infant Survival, the Infant Welfare Movement and Mothers' Behaviour, Australia with Reference to New Zealand, 1900-1945” (Ph.D. thesis, Australian National University, Canberra, 1989).
3. Thomas McKeown, The Role of Medicine: Dream, Mirage or Nemesis (London: Nuffield Hospitals Trust, 1967).
4. Scott B. Halstead, Julia A. Walsh, and Kenneth S. Warren, Good Health at Low Cost (New York: Rockefeller Foundation, 1985).
5. Cf. World Bank, World Development Report, 1988 (New York: Oxford University Press, 1988), pp. 222-223, tab. 1.
6. A. T. Flegg, “Inequality of Income, Illiteracy and Medical Care as Determinants of Infant Mortality in Underdeveloped Countries,” Population Studies, 36(3):441-458 (Nov. 1982).
7. John C. Caldwell, “Routes to Low Mortality in Poor Countries,” Population and Development Review, 12(2):179, tab. 3 (June 1986).
8. Richard G. Rogers and Sharon Wofford, “Life Expectancy in Less Developed Countries: Socioeconomic Development or Public Health?” Journal of Biosocial Science, 21: 245-252 (1989).
9. S. K. Gaisie, Dynamics of Population Growth in Ghana, Ghana Population Studies no. 1 (Legon, Accra: University of Ghana, Demographic Unit, 1969).
10. Hugo Behm, Final Report on the Research Project on Infant and Childhood Mortality in the Third World (Paris: Comité international de coopération dans les recherches nationales en démographie, 1983).
11. John C. Caldwell and Peter F. McDonald, “Influence of Maternal Education on Infant and Child Mortality: Levels and Causes,” in International Population Conference, Manila, 1981, (Liège: International Union for the Scientific Study of Population, 1981), 2:79-96; J. N. Hobcraft, J. W. McDonald, and S. O. Rutstein, “Socioeconomic Factors in Infant and Child Mortality: A Cross-National Comparison,” Population Studies, 38(2):193-223 (July 1984).
12. United Nations, Socio-Economic Differentials in Child Mortality in Developing Countries, by Barbara Mensch, Harold Lentzner, and Samuel Preston, ST/ESA/SER.A/97 (New York: United Nations, 1985).
13. I. O. Orubuloye and John C. Caldwell, “The Impact of Public Health Services on Mortality: A Study of Mortality Differentials in a Rural Area of Nigeria,” Population Studies, 29(2):259-272 (July 1975); Caldwell, “Routes to Low Mortality.”
14. John C. Caldwell, “Education as a Factor in Mortality Decline: An Examination of Nigerian Data,” Population Studies, 33(3):395-413 (Nov. 1979).
15. United Nations, Socio-Economic Differentials, p. 287.
16. John Cleland and Jeroen van Ginneken, “Maternal Education and Child Survival in Developing Countries: The Search for Pathways of Influence,” Social Science and Medicine, 27(12):1357-1368 (1988).
17. John Cleland, “Maternal Education and Child Survival: Further Evidence and Explanations,” in What We Know about Health Transition: The Proceedings of an International Workshop, Canberra, May 1989, ed. John C. Caldwell et al. (Canberra: Australian National University, Health Transition Centre, 1990).
18. John C. Caldwell, “Mass Education as a Determinant of Mortality Decline” (CASID Lecture, Michigan State University, 25 Oct. 1988), reprinted in Selected Readings in Cultural, Social and Bhavioural Determinants of Health, ed. John C. Caldwell and Gigi Santow (Canberra: Australian National University, Health Transition Centre, 1989), pp. 103-111.
19. Julie Da Vanzo, William P. Butz, and Jean-Pierre Habicht, “How Biological and Behavioural Influences on Mortality in Malaysia Vary during the First Year of Life,” Population Studies, 37(3):381-402 (Nov. 1983).
20. Allan G. Hill, ed., Population Health and Nutrition in the Sahel: Issues in the Welfare of Selected West African Communities (London: Kegan Paul International, 1985).
21. United Nations, Socio-Economic Differentials, pp. 77-111.
22. Shea O. Rutstein, “Infant and Child Mortality: Levels, Trends and Demographic Differentials,” Comparative Studies: Cross-National Summaries, no. 43, rev. ed. (London: World Fertility Survey, Dec. 1984); Pat Caldwell and John C. Caldwell, “Where There Is a Narrower Gap between Female and Male Situations: Lessons from South India and Sri Lanka” (Paper delivered at the Social Science Research Council Workshop on Gender Differentials in Mortality in South Asia, Dhaka, Bangladesh, Jan. 1987).
23. Caldwell and Caldwell, “Where There Is a Narrower Gap.”
24. Caldwell, “Routes to Low Mortality,” p. 179, tab. 3.
25. John C. Caldwell and Pat Caldwell, “The Achieved Small Family: Early Fertility Transition in an African City,” Studies in Family Planning, 9(1):2-18, app. B (Jan. 1978).
26. John C. Caldwell and K. Srinivasan, “New Data on Nuptiality and Fertility in China,” Population and Development Review, 10(1):71-79 (Mar. 1984).
27. Caldwell, “Routes to Low Mortality.”
28. John C. Caldwell and Pat Caldwell, “Women's Position and Child Mortality and Morbidity in LDCs,” in Conference on Women's Position and Demographic Change in the Course of Development, Asker (Oslo) 1988 (Liège: International Union for the Scientific Study of Population, 1988), pp. 213-236.
29. Caldwell, “Routes to Low Mortality”; T. Nadarajah, “Trends and Differentials in Mortality,” in Population of Sri Lanka (Bangkok: Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific, 1976), p. 148.
30. Nathan Keyfitz, World Population: An Analysis of Vital Data (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1968).
31. Caldwell, “Routes to Low Mortality,” p. 181.
32. Cleland and van Ginneken, “Maternal Education,” pp. 1361-1362.
33. For detailed references, see Caldwell and Caldwell, “Women's Position,” pp. 222-223.
34. Orubuloye and Caldwell, “Impact of Public Health Services,” p. 268.
35. Katherine Hilderbrand et al., “Child Mortality and Care of Children in Rural Mali” (Paper delivered at the National Institute for Research Advancement and IUSSP Seminar on Social and Biological Correlates of Mortality, Tokyo, 24-27 Nov. 1984).
36. J. Spence et al., A Thousand Families in Newcastle-upon-Tyne: An Approach to the Study of Health and Illness in Children (New York: Oxford University Press, 1954).
37. Monica Das Gupta, “Death Clustering, Maternal Education and the Determinants of Child Mortality in Rural Punjab, India,” in What We Know about Health Transition, ed. Caldwell et al.
38. Cf. John C. Caldwell, “Family Change and Demographic Change: The Reversal of the Veneration Flow,” in Dynamics of Population and Family Welfare 1987, ed. K. Srinivasan and S. Mukerji (Bombay: Himalaya, 1988), pp. 71-96; John C. Caldwell and Pat Caldwell, “Family Systems: Their Viability and Vulnerability: A Study of Intergenerational Transactions and Their Demographic Implications” (Paper delivered at IUSSP Seminar on Changing Family Structures and Life Courses in LDC's, East-West Population Institute, Honolulu, HI, 5-7 Jan. 1987).
39. John C. Caldwell, P. H. Reddy, and Pat Caldwell, “The Social Component of Mortality Decline: An Investigation in South India Employing Alternative Methodologies,” Population Studies, 37(2):185-205 (July 1983).
40. John C. Caldwell, Theory of Fertility Decline (London: Academic Press, 1982), esp. chap. 9, “The Failure of Theories of Social and Economic Change to Explain Demographic Change: Puzzles of Modernization or Westernization,” pp. 269-300.
41. Shirley Lindenbaum, Manisha Chakraborty, and Mohammed Elias, “The Influence of Maternal Education on Infant and Child Mortality in Bangladesh” (Report for the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, 1983), reprinted in Selected Readings, ed. Caldwell and Santow, pp. 112-131.
42. John C. Caldwell, P. H. Reddy, and Pat Caldwell, The Causes of Demographic Change: Experimental Research in South India (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1988), esp. chap. 6, pp. 132-160 and chap. 7, pp. 161-186.
43. Samuel H. Preston, “Resources, Knowledge and Child Mortality: A Comparison of the U.S. in the Late Nineteenth Century and Developing Countries Today,” in International Population Conference, Florence 1985 (Liège: International Union for the Scientific Study of Population, 1985), 4:373-386.
44. Caldwell, “Routes,” p. 206.
45. Douglas C. Ewbank and Samuel H. Preston, “Personal Health Behaviour and the Decline in Infant and Child Mortality: The United States, 1900-1930,” in What We Know about Health Transition, ed. Caldwell et al.
46. Caldwell, Theory of Fertility Decline.
47. John C. Caldwell and Pat Caldwell, “The Cultural Context of High Fertility in Sub-Saharan Africa,” Population and Development Review, 13(3):409-437 (Sept. 1987); John C. Caldwell, Pat Caldwell, and Pat Quiggin, “The Social Context of AIDS in Africa,” Population and Development Review, 15(2) (June 1989).
48. T. Valkonen, “Social Inequality in the Face of Death,” in European Population Conference: Plenaries, ed. International Union for the Scientific Study of Population and the European Association for Population Studies, for the Finnish Central Statistical Office (Helsinki: Central Statistical Office, 1987), pp. 201-261.
49. Caldwell, Reddy, and Caldwell, Causes of Demographic Change; John C. Caldwell et al., “Sensitization to Illness and the Risk of Death: An Explanation for Sri Lanka's Approach to Good Health for All,” Social Science and Medicine, 28(4):365-379 (1989); John C. Caldwell et al., “Cultural, Social and Behavioural Determinants of Health and Their Mechanisms: A Report on Related Research Programs,” in What We Know about Health Transition, ed. Caldwell et al.
50. M. E. Khan et al., Inequalities between Men and Women in Nutrition and Family Welfare Services: An In-Depth Enquiry in an Indian Village, Population and Labour Policies Program Working Paper no. 158 (Geneva: International Labour Office, 1987).
51. N. A. Christakis and A. M. Kleinman, Illness Behavior and Health Transition in the Developing World, mimeograph (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University, School of Public Health, 1989).