Systolic blood pressure lower than heart rate upon arrival at and departure from the emergency department indicates a poor outcome for adult trauma patients

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

Volumn 13, Issue 6, 2016, Pages

  Lai, Wei Hung ^a   Wu, Shao Chun ^a   Rau, Cheng Shyuan ^a   Kuo, Pao Jen ^a   Hsu, Shiun Yuan ^a   Chen, Yi Chun ^a   Hsieh, Hsiao Yun ^a   Hsieh, Ching Hua ^a  

^a CHANG GUNG UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF MEDICINE   (Taiwan)

Author keywords

Injury severity score (ISS); Length of stay (LOS); Mortality; Reverse shock index (RSI); Shock index (SI)

Indexed keywords

CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM; HEALTH IMPACT; HEALTH STATUS; HOSPITAL SECTOR; INJURY; MORTALITY;

ADULT; ARTICLE; BLOOD TRANSFUSION; CHEST TUBE; DISEASE SEVERITY; EMERGENCY WARD; FEMALE; HEART RATE; HEMODYNAMIC PARAMETERS; HOSPITAL ADMISSION; HOSPITAL PATIENT; HUMAN; INJURY; INTENSIVE CARE UNIT; INTUBATION; LENGTH OF STAY; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MORTALITY; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; REGISTER; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; REVERSE SHOCK INDEX; SCORING SYSTEM; SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE; AGED; BLOOD PRESSURE; EMERGENCY HEALTH SERVICE; HOSPITAL MORTALITY; INJURY SCALE; MIDDLE AGED; STATISTICS AND NUMERICAL DATA; TAIWAN; TREATMENT OUTCOME; WOUNDS AND INJURIES; YOUNG ADULT;

ADULT; AGED; BLOOD PRESSURE; FEMALE; HEART RATE; HOSPITAL MORTALITY; HUMANS; INJURY SEVERITY SCORE; INTENSIVE CARE UNITS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; TAIWAN; TRAUMA CENTERS; TREATMENT OUTCOME; WOUNDS AND INJURIES; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84969787020     PISSN: 16617827     EISSN: 16604601     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13060528     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. Johansson, P.I.; Stensballe, J.; Ostrowski, S.R. Current management of massive hemorrhage in trauma. Scand. J. Trauma Resusc. Emerg. Med. 2012, 20, 47. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
2. Shere-Wolfe, R.F.; Galvagno, S.M., Jr.; Grissom, T.E. Critical care considerations in the management of the trauma patient following initial resuscitation. Scand. J. Trauma Resusc. Emerg. Med. 2012, 20, 68. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
3. Kauvar, D.S.; Lefering, R.; Wade, C.E. Impact of hemorrhage on trauma outcome: An overview of epidemiology, clinical presentations, and therapeutic considerations. J. Trauma 2006, 60 (Suppl. S6), S3–S11. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
4. Demetriades, D.; Murray, J.; Charalambides, K.; Alo, K.; Velmahos, G.; Rhee, P.; Chan, L. Trauma fatalities: Time and location of hospital deaths. J. Am. Coll. Surg. 2004, 198, 20–26. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
5. Dutton, R.P.; Stansbury, L.G.; Leone, S.; Kramer, E.; Hess, J.R.; Scalea, T.M. Trauma mortality in mature trauma systems: Are we doing better? An analysis of trauma mortality patterns, 1997–2008. J. Trauma 2010, 69, 620–626. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
6. Victorino, G.P.; Battistella, F.D.; Wisner, D.H. Does tachycardia correlate with hypotension after trauma? J. Am. Coll. Surg. 2003, 196, 679–684. [CrossRef]
7. Brasel, K.J.; Guse, C.; Gentilello, L.M.; Nirula, R. Heart rate: Is it truly a vital sign? J. Trauma 2007, 62, 812–817. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
8. Havel, C.; Arrich, J.; Losert, H.; Gamper, G.; Mullner, M.; Herkner, H. Vasopressors for hypotensive shock. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2011, 5, CD003709. [PubMed]
9. Andersen, G.O. Circulatory shock. N. Engl. J. Med. 2014, 370, 582–583.
10. Allgower, M.; Burri, C. Shock-Index. Dtsch. Med. Wochenschr. 1967, 92, 1947–1950. [PubMed]
11. Mitra, B.; Fitzgerald, M.; Chan, J. The utility of a shock index ≥1 as an indication for pre-hospital oxygen carrier administration in major trauma. Injury 2014, 45, 61–65. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
12. McNab, A.; Burns, B.; Bhullar, I.; Chesire, D.; Kerwin, A. An analysis of shock index as a correlate for outcomes in trauma by age group. Surgery 2013, 154, 384–387. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
13. DeMuro, J.P.; Simmons, S.; Jax, J.; Gianelli, S.M. Application of the Shock Index to the prediction of need for hemostasis intervention. Am. J. Emerg. Med. 2013, 31, 1260–1263. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
14. Mutschler, M.; Nienaber, U.; Munzberg, M.; Wolfl, C.; Schoechl, H.; Paffrath, T.; Bouillon, B.; Maegele, M. The Shock Index revisited—A fast guide to transfusion requirement? A retrospective analysis on 21,853 patients derived from the TraumaRegister DGU. Crit. Care 2013, 17, R172. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
15. Nakasone, Y.; Ikeda, O.; Yamashita, Y.; Kudoh, K.; Shigematsu, Y.; Harada, K. Shock index correlates with extravasation on angiographs of gastrointestinal hemorrhage: A logistics regression analysis. Cardiovasc. Interv. Radiol. 2007, 30, 861–865. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
16. Sloan, E.P.; Koenigsberg, M.; Clark, J.M.; Weir, W.B.; Philbin, N. Shock index and prediction of traumatic hemorrhagic shock 28-day mortality: Data from the DCLHb resuscitation clinical trials. West. J. Emerg. Med. 2014, 15, 795–802. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
17. Heffner, A.C.; Swords, D.S.; Nussbaum, M.L.; Kline, J.A.; Jones, A.E. Predictors of the complication of postintubation hypotension during emergency airway management. J. Crit. Care 2012, 27, 587–593. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
18. Kristensen, A.K.; Holler, J.G.; Hallas, J.; Lassen, A.; Shapiro, N.I. Is Shock Index a Valid Predictor of Mortality in Emergency Department PatientsWith Hypertension, Diabetes, High Age, or Receipt of beta- or Calcium Channel Blockers? Ann. Emerg. Med. 2015, 67, 106–113. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
19. Travers, D.A.; Waller, A.E.; Bowling, J.M.; Flowers, D.; Tintinalli, J. Five-level triage system more effective than three-level in tertiary emergency department. J. Emerg. Nurs. 2002, 28, 395–400. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
20. Rady, M.Y.; Nightingale, P.; Little, R.A.; Edwards, J.D. Shock index: A re-evaluation in acute circulatory failure. Resuscitation 1992, 23, 227–234. [CrossRef]
21. Oestern, H.J.; Trentz, O.; Hempelmann, G.; Trentz, O.A.; Sturm, J. Cardiorespiratory and metabolic patterns in multiple trauma patients. Resuscitation 1979, 7, 169–183. [CrossRef]
22. Pandit, V.; Rhee, P.; Hashmi, A.; Kulvatunyou, N.; Tang, A.; Khalil, M.; O’Keeffe, T.; Green, D.; Friese, R.S.; Joseph, B. Shock index predicts mortality in geriatric trauma patients: An analysis of the National Trauma Data Bank. J. Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2014, 76, 1111–1115. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
23. Gutierrez, G.; Reines, H.D.; Wulf-Gutierrez, M.E. Clinical review: Hemorrhagic shock. Crit. Care 2004, 8, 373–381. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
24. Morrison, C.A.; Carrick, M.M.; Norman, M.A.; Scott, B.G.; Welsh, F.J.; Tsai, P.; Liscum, K.R.; Wall, M.J., Jr.; Mattox, K.L. Hypotensive resuscitation strategy reduces transfusion requirements and severe postoperative coagulopathy in trauma patients with hemorrhagic shock: Preliminary results of a randomized controlled trial. J. Trauma 2011, 70, 652–663. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
25. Kwan, I.; Bunn, F.; Chinnock, P.; Roberts, I. Timing and volume of fluid administration for patients with bleeding. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2014, 3, CD002245. [PubMed]
26. Harris, T.; Thomas, G.O.; Brohi, K. Early fluid resuscitation in severe trauma. BMJ 2012, 345, e5752. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
27. Beekley, A.C. Damage control resuscitation: A sensible approach to the exsanguinating surgical patient. Crit. Care Med. 2008, 36 (Suppl. S7), S267–S274. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
28. Dutton, R.P. Resuscitative strategies to maintain homeostasis during damage control surgery. Br. J. Surg. 2012, 99 (Suppl. S1), 21–28. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
29. Bridges, L.C.; Waibel, B.H.; Newell, M.A. Permissive Hypotension: Potentially Harmful in the Elderly? A National Trauma Data Bank Analysis. Am. Surg. 2015, 81, 770–777. [PubMed]
30. Spahn, D.R.; Bouillon, B.; Cerny, V.; Coats, T.J.; Duranteau, J.; Fernandez-Mondejar, E.; Filipescu, D.; Hunt, B.J.; Komadina, R.; Nardi, G.; et al. Management of bleeding and coagulopathy following major trauma: An updated European guideline. Crit. Care 2013, 17, R76. [CrossRef] [PubMed]