Prostate cancer, version 1.2016: Featured updates to the NCCN guidelines

JNCCN Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network

Volumn 14, Issue 1, 2016, Pages 19-30

  Mohler, James L ^a   Armstrong, Andrew J ^b   Bahnson, Robert R ^c   D'Amico, Anthony Victor ^d   Davis, Brian J ^e   Eastham, James A ^f   Enke, Charles A ^g   Farrington, Thomas A ^h   Higano, Celestia S ⁱ   Horwitz, Eric M ^j   Hurwitz, Michael ^k   Kane, Christopher J ^l   Kawachi, Mark H ^m   Kuettel, Michael ^a   Lee, Richard J ⁿ   Meeks, Joshua J ^o   Penson, David F ^p   Plimack, Elizabeth R ^j   Pow Sang, Julio M ^q   Raben, David ^r   Richey, Sylvia ^s   Roach, Mack ^t   Rosenfeld, Stan ^u   Schaeffer, Edward ^v   Skolarus, Ted A ^w   Small, Eric J ^t   Sonpavde, Guru ^x   Srinivas, Sandy ^y   Strope, Seth A ^z   Tward, Jonathan ^aa   Shead, Dorothy A ^ab   Freedman Cass, Deborah A ^ab   more..

^a ROSWELL PARK CANCER INSTITUTE   (United States)

^b DUKE CANCER INSTITUTE   (United States)

^c OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^d DANA FARBER BRIGHAM AND WOMEN S CANCER CENTER   (United States)

^e MAYO CLINIC CANCER CENTER   (United States)

^f MEMORIAL SLOAN KETTERING CANCER CENTER   (United States)

^g UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^h Prostate Health Education Network (PHEN)   (United States)

ⁱ SEATTLE CANCER CARE ALLIANCE   (United States)

^j FOX CHASE CANCER CENTER   (United States)

^k YALE CANCER CENTER   (United States)

^l UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SAN DIEGO   (United States)

^m CITY OF HOPE NATIONAL MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

ⁿ MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL CANCER CENTER   (United States)

^o NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^p VANDERBILT INGRAM CANCER CENTER   (United States)

^q H LEE MOFFITT CANCER CENTER AND RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (United States)

^r University of Colorado Cancer Center   (United States)

^s UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE HEALTH SCIENCE CENTER   (United States)

^t UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^u UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^v JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^w UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CENTER   (United States)

^x UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM   (United States)

^y STANFORD CANCER INSTITUTE   (United States)

^z BARNES JEWISH HOSPITAL   (United States)

^aa UNIVERSITY OF UTAH   (United States)

^ab National Comprehensive Cancer Network   (United States)

more..

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; CANCER DIAGNOSIS; CANCER GROWTH; CASTRATION RESISTANT PROSTATE CANCER; HIGH RISK PATIENT; HUMAN; INTERMEDIATE RISK PATIENT; MALE; MOLECULAR DIAGNOSIS; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; PROSTATE CANCER; CANCER STAGING; DISEASE COURSE; ORCHIECTOMY; PROGNOSIS; PROSTATIC NEOPLASMS;

DISEASE PROGRESSION; HUMANS; MALE; NEOPLASM STAGING; ORCHIECTOMY; PROGNOSIS; PROSTATIC NEOPLASMS;

EID: 84969516736     PISSN: 15401405     EISSN: 15401413     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.6004/jnccn.2016.0004     Document Type: Article

References (63)

1. Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2015. CA Cancer J Clin 2015;65:5-29.
2. D'Amico AV, Whittington R, Malkowicz SB, et al. Pretreatment nomogram for prostate-specific antigen recurrence after radical prostatectomy or external-beam radiation therapy for clinically localized prostate cancer. J Clin Oncol 1999;17:168-172.
3. D'Amico AV, Whittington R, Malkowicz SB, et al. Biochemical outcome after radical prostatectomy or external beam radiation therapy for patients with clinically localized prostate carcinoma in the prostate specific antigen era. Cancer 2002;95:281-286.
4. D'Amico AV, Whittington R, Malkowicz SB, et al. Biochemical outcome after radical prostatectomy, external beam radiation therapy, or interstitial radiation therapy for clinically localized prostate cancer. JAMA 1998;280:969-974.
5. Howard DH. Life expectancy and the value of early detection. J Health Econ 2005;24:891-906.
6. Kattan MW, Eastham JA, Wheeler TM, et al. Counseling men with prostate cancer: a nomogram for predicting the presence of small, moderately differentiated, confined tumors. J Urol 2003;170:1792-1797.
7. Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center. Prostate Cancer Nomograms. Available at: http://www.mskcc.org/mskcc/html/10088.cfm. Accessed July 2, 2015.
8. Stephenson AJ, Scardino PT, Eastham JA, et al. Preoperative nomogram predicting the 10-year probability of prostate cancer recurrence after radical prostatectomy. J Natl Cancer Inst 2006;98:715-717.
9. Stephenson AJ, Kattan MW, Eastham JA, et al. Prostate cancer-specific mortality after radical prostatectomy for patients treated in the prostate-specific antigen era. J Clin Oncol 2009;27:4300-4305.
10. Briganti A, Chun FK, Salonia A, et al. A nomogram for staging of exclusive nonobturator lymph node metastases in men with localized prostate cancer. Eur Urol 2007;51:112-119; discussion 119-120.
11. Kattan MW, Potters L, Blasko JC, et al. Pretreatment nomogram for predicting freedom from recurrence after permanent prostate brachytherapy in prostate cancer. Urology 2001;58:393-399.
12. Potters L, Morgenstern C, Calugaru E, et al. 12-year outcomes following permanent prostate brachytherapy in patients with clinically localized prostate cancer. J Urol 2008;179:S20-24.
13. Potters L, Roach M 3rd, Davis BJ, et al. Postoperative nomogram predicting the 9-year probability of prostate cancer recurrence after permanent prostate brachytherapy using radiation dose as a prognostic variable. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2010;76:1061-1065.
14. Zelefsky MJ, Kattan MW, Fearn P, et al. Pretreatment nomogram predicting ten-year biochemical outcome of three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy and intensity-modulated radiotherapy for prostate cancer. Urology 2007;70:283-287.
15. Stephenson AJ, Scardino PT, Kattan MW, et al. Predicting the outcome of salvage radiation therapy for recurrent prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy. J Clin Oncol 2007;25:2035-2041.
16. Dearnaley DP, Khoo VS, Norman AR, et al. Comparison of radiation side-effects of conformal and conventional radiotherapy in prostate cancer: a randomised trial. Lancet 1999;353:267-272.
17. Khoo VS. Radiotherapeutic techniques for prostate cancer, dose escalation and brachytherapy. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2005;17:560-571.
18. Lee SJ, Lindquist K, Segal MR, Covinsky KE. Development and validation of a prognostic index for 4-year mortality in older adults. JAMA 2006;295:801-808.
19. D'Amico AV, Cote K, Loffredo M, et al. Determinants of prostate cancer-specific survival after radiation therapy for patients with clinically localized prostate cancer. J Clin Oncol 2002;20:4567-4573.
20. Abdollah F, Karnes RJ, Suardi N, et al. Predicting survival of patients with node-positive prostate cancer following multimodal treatment. Eur Urol 2014;65:554-562.
21. Maurice MJ, Abouassaly R, Kim SP, Zhu H. Contemporary nationwide patterns of active surveillance use for prostate cancer. JAMA Intern Med 2015;175:1569-1571.
22. Bishoff JT, Freedland SJ, Gerber L, et al. Prognostic utility of the cell cycle progression score generated from biopsy in men treated with prostatectomy. J Urol 2014;192:409-414.
23. Cuzick J, Swanson GP, Fisher G, et al. Prognostic value of an RNA expression signature derived from cell cycle proliferation genes in patients with prostate cancer: a retrospective study. Lancet Oncol 2011;12:245-255.
24. Cuzick J, Berney DM, Fisher G, et al. Prognostic value of a cell cycle progression signature for prostate cancer death in a conservatively managed needle biopsy cohort. Br J Cancer 2012;106:1095-1099.
25. Freedland SJ, Gerber L, Reid J, et al. Prognostic utility of cell cycle progression score in men with prostate cancer after primary external beam radiation therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2013;86:848-853.
26. Klein EA, Cooperberg MR, Carroll PR. Reply to Yuri Tolkach, Markus Kuczyk, Florian Imkamp's Letter to the Editor re: Eric A. Klein, Matthew R. Cooperberg, Cristina Magi-Galluzzi, et al. A 17-gene assay to predict prostate cancer aggressiveness in the context of gleason grade heterogeneity, tumor multifocality, and biopsy undersampling. Eur Urol 2014;66:550-560.
27. Shore ND, Kella N, Moran B, et al. Impact of the CCP test on physician and patient treatment selection for localized prostate cancer [published online ahead of print September 25, 2015]. J Urol, doi: 10.1016/j. juro.2015.09.072.
28. Den RB, Yousefi K, Trabulsi EJ, et al. Genomic classifier identifies men with adverse pathology after radical prostatectomy who benefit from adjuvant radiation therapy. J Clin Oncol 2015;33:944-951.
29. Reese AC, Pierorazio PM, Han M, Partin AW. Contemporary evaluation of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network prostate cancer risk classification system. Urology 2012;80:1075-1079.
30. Wilt TJ, Brawer MK, Jones KM, et al. Radical prostatectomy versus observation for localized prostate cancer. N Engl J Med 2012;367:203-213.
31. Klotz L, Vesprini D, Sethukavalan P, et al. Long-term follow-up of a large active surveillance cohort of patients with prostate cancer. J Clin Oncol 2015;33:272-277.
32. Roemeling S, Roobol MJ, de Vries SH, et al. Active surveillance for prostate cancers detected in three subsequent rounds of a screening trial: characteristics, PSA doubling times, and outcome. Eur Urol 2007;51:1244-1250; discussion 1251.
33. van As NJ, Norman AR, Thomas K, et al. Predicting the probability of deferred radical treatment for localised prostate cancer managed by active surveillance. Eur Urol 2008;54:1297-1305.
34. Zumsteg ZS, Spratt DE, Pei I, et al. A new risk classification system for therapeutic decision making with intermediate-risk prostate cancer patients undergoing dose-escalated external-beam radiation therapy. Eur Urol 2013;64:895-902.
35. Petrylak DP, Tangen CM, Hussain MH, et al. Docetaxel and estramustine compared with mitoxantrone and prednisone for advanced refractory prostate cancer. N Engl J Med 2004;351:1513-1520.
36. Tannock IF, de Wit R, Berry WR, et al. Docetaxel plus prednisone or mitoxantrone plus prednisone for advanced prostate cancer. N Engl J Med 2004;351:1502-1512.
37. Berthold DR, Pond GR, Soban F, et al. Docetaxel plus prednisone or mitoxantrone plus prednisone for advanced prostate cancer: updated survival in the TAX 327 study. J Clin Oncol 2008;26:242-245.
38. Sandler HM, Hu C, Rosenthal SA, et al. A phase III protocol of androgen suppression (AS) and 3DCRT/IMRT versus AS and 3DCRT/IMRT followed by chemotherapy (CT) with docetaxel and prednisone for localized, high-risk prostate cancer (RTOG 0521) [abstract]. J Clin Oncol 2015;33(Suppl):Abstract LBA5002.
39. Sweeney CJ, Chen YH, Carducci M, et al. Chemohormonal therapy in metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer. N Engl J Med 2015;373:737-746.
40. James ND, Sydes MR, Mason MD, et al. Docetaxel and/or zoledronic acid for hormone-naive prostate cancer: first overall survival results from STAMPEDE (NCT00268476) [abstract]. J Clin Oncol 2015;33(Suppl):Abstract 5001.
41. Gravis G, Fizazi K, Joly F, et al. Androgen-deprivation therapy alone or with docetaxel in non-castrate metastatic prostate cancer (GETUG-AFU 15): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol 2013;14:149-158.
42. Gravis G, Boher JM, Joly F, et al. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) plus docetaxel versus ADT alone in metastatic non castrate prostate cancer: impact of metastatic burden and long-term survival analysis of the randomized phase 3 GETUG-AFU15 trial [published online ahead of print November 20, 2015]. Eur Urol, doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2015.11.005.
43. Erho N, Crisan A, Vergara IA, et al. Discovery and validation of a prostate cancer genomic classifier that predicts early metastasis following radical prostatectomy. PLoS One 2013;8:e66855.
44. Karnes RJ, Bergstralh EJ, Davicioni E, et al. Validation of a genomic classifier that predicts metastasis following radical prostatectomy in an at risk patient population. J Urol 2013;190:2047-2053.
45. Klein EA, Yousefi K, Haddad Z, et al. A genomic classifier improves prediction of metastatic disease within 5 years after surgery in node-negative high-risk prostate cancer patients managed by radical prostatectomy without adjuvant therapy. Eur Urol 2015;67:778-786.
46. Prensner JR, Zhao S, Erho N, et al. RNA biomarkers associated with metastatic progression in prostate cancer: a multi-institutional high-throughput analysis of SChLAP1. Lancet Oncol 2014;15:1469-1480.
47. Tomlins SA, Alshalalfa M, Davicioni E, et al. Characterization of 1577 primary prostate cancers reveals novel biological and clinicopathologic insights into molecular subtypes. Eur Urol 2015;68:555-567.
48. Ross AE, Johnson MH, Yousefi K, et al. Tissue-based genomics augments post-prostatectomy risk stratification in a natural history cohort of intermediate-and high-risk men [published online ahead of print June 6, 2015]. Eur Urol, doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2015.05.042.
49. Yamoah K, Johnson MH, Choeurng V, et al. Novel biomarker signature that may predict aggressive disease in African American men with prostate cancer. J Clin Oncol 2015;33:2789-2796.
50. Cooperberg MR, Davicioni E, Crisan A, et al. Combined value of validated clinical and genomic risk stratification tools for predicting prostate cancer mortality in a high-risk prostatectomy cohort. Eur Urol 2015;67:326-333.
51. Ross AE, Feng FY, Ghadessi M, et al. A genomic classifier predicting metastatic disease progression in men with biochemical recurrence after prostatectomy. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2014;17:64-69.
52. Den RB, Feng FY, Showalter TN, et al. Genomic prostate cancer classifier predicts biochemical failure and metastases in patients after postoperative radiation therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2014;89:1038-1046.
53. Khor LY, Bae K, Paulus R, et al. MDM2 and Ki-67 predict for distant metastasis and mortality in men treated with radiotherapy and androgen deprivation for prostate cancer: RTOG 92-02. J Clin Oncol 2009;27:3177-3184.
54. Verhoven B, Yan Y, Ritter M, et al. Ki-67 is an independent predictor of metastasis and cause-specific mortality for prostate cancer patients treated on Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) 94-08. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2013;86:317-323.
55. Li R, Heydon K, Hammond ME, et al. Ki-67 staining index predicts distant metastasis and survival in locally advanced prostate cancer treated with radiotherapy: an analysis of patients in radiation therapy oncology group protocol 86-10. Clin Cancer Res 2004;10:4118-4124.
56. Fisher G, Yang ZH, Kudahetti S, et al. Prognostic value of Ki-67 for prostate cancer death in a conservatively managed cohort. Br J Cancer 2013;108:271-277.
57. Cullen J, Rosner IL, Brand TC, et al. A biopsy-based 17-gene genomic prostate score predicts recurrence after radical prostatectomy and adverse surgical pathology in a racially diverse population of men with clinically low-and intermediate-risk prostate cancer. Eur Urol 2015;68:123-131.
58. Cuzick J, Stone S, Fisher G, et al. Validation of an RNA cell cycle progression score for predicting death from prostate cancer in a conservatively managed needle biopsy cohort. Br J Cancer 2015;113:382-389.
59. Cooperberg MR, Simko JP, Cowan JE, et al. Validation of a cell-cycle progression gene panel to improve risk stratification in a contemporary prostatectomy cohort. J Clin Oncol 2013;31:1428-1434.
60. Blume-Jensen P, Berman DM, Rimm DL, et al. Development and clinical validation of an in situ biopsy-based multimarker assay for risk stratification in prostate cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2015;21:2591-2600.
61. Cuzick J, Yang ZH, Fisher G, et al. Prognostic value of PTEN loss in men with conservatively managed localised prostate cancer. Br J Cancer 2013;108:2582-2589.
62. Lotan TL, Carvalho FL, Peskoe SB, et al. PTEN loss is associated with upgrading of prostate cancer from biopsy to radical prostatectomy. Mod Pathol 2015;28:128-137.
63. Lotan TL, Gurel B, Sutcliffe S, et al. PTEN protein loss by immunostaining: analytic validation and prognostic indicator for a high risk surgical cohort of prostate cancer patients. Clin Cancer Res 2011;17:6563-6573.