The validity of the Kirchhoff approximation for rough surface scattering using a Gaussian roughness spectrum

Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

Volumn 83, Issue 1, 1988, Pages 78-92

  Thorsos, Eric I ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84967856184     PISSN: 00014966     EISSN: NA     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1121/1.396188     Document Type: Article

References (35)

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8. The term “bistatic” implies that incident and scattered angles differ.
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25. The spectral method has been found more covenient, especially for surface derivatives, than the autoregressive) (AR) Method used in Ref. 30 In this paper, the AR method was used for just one set of surfaces (Figs. 5-7).
26. M. B. Priestly, Spectral Analysis and Time Series (Academic, New York, 1981), p. 208.
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29. E. I. Thorsos, “The validity of the Kirchhoff approximation for rough surface scattering using a Gaussian roughness spectrum-extended version,” unpublished manuscript, 27 August 1987.
30. E. I. Thorsos, “Exact numerical methods versus the Kirchhoff approximation for rough surface scattering,” in Computational Acoustics, Vol. II. Algorithms and Applications, edited by D. Lee, R. L. Sternberg, and M. H. Schultz (North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1988).
31. A. Ishimaru, Wave Propagation and Scattering in Random Media (Academic, New York, 1978), Vol. II, Chap. 21; this reference uses the “radar cross section,” which differs by a factor of hr from the definition used here for l-D surfaces (4ir for 2-D surfaces).
32. R. A. Brockelman and T. Hagfors, “Note on the effect of shadowing on the backscattering of waves from the random rough surface,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. AP-14, 621-629 (1966).
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34. The quantity [formula omitted] with R given by (34) is not well defined for a random surface, since occasionally [formula omitted] As an alternative, we define the “rms radius of curvature” to be reciprocal of the rms curvature [formula omitted] to be the reciprocal of the rms curvature [formula omitted] with R given by (34). Direct evaluation using surface realizations shows (36) to be an accurate estimate of this definition to within a few percent.
35. For correspondence with Eq. 21-63 of Ref. 31, difference in angle and cross-section definitions and spectral density normalization must be taken into account