Women on a mission! Scandinavian welfare and the Armenians in the Ottoman Empire, 1905-19171

Social, Economic and Political Studies of the Middle East and Asia

Volumn 103, Issue , 2008, Pages 57-81

  Okkenhaug, Inger Marie ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BERGEN   (Norway)

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[No Author keywords available]

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EID: 84966372881     PISSN: 13853376     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. P. Grimshaw, "Faith, Missionary Life and the Family" in Gender and Empire (ed.) P. Levine, Oxford 2004, pp. 261-262.
2. On American mission to Ottoman Armenia, see S. Moranian, The American Missionaries and the Armenian Question: 1915-1927 (PhD. diss., University of Wisconsin, Madison, 1994)
3. and H. L. Kieser, "Mission as a Factor of Change in Turkey" in Islam and Christian-Muslim Relations, 13, no. 4(2002): pp. 391-410.
4. P. Balakian, The Burning Tigris: The Armenian Genocide and America's Response 2003 xviii;
5. Matthias Bjørnlund, 'Et Folk Myrdes': Det Armenske Folkemord i Danske Kilder" (MA thesis, University of Copenhagen, 2005), p. 18.
6. M. Bjørnlund, "Before the Armenian Genocide: Danish Missionary and Rescue Operations in the Ottoman Empire, 1900-1914", Haigazian Armenological Review 26(2006): pp. 141-56.
7. See for example S. E. Moranian, "The Armenian Genocide and American Missionary Relief Efforts", in J. M. Winter (ed.) America and the Armenian Genocide of 1915(West Nyack, NY: Cambridge University Press, 2004), pp. 186-213.
8. The Turkish authorities did participate in the rebuilding, but apparently only for a short period of time. See Julius Richter, History of Protestant Missions in the Near East (London and Edinburgh: Fleming H. Revell Company, London and Edinburgh, 1910).
9. E. Lohmann's "Skildringer af Armeniske Forhold og Tilstande", translated from German to Danish, published in Copenhagen, 1902, p. 11.
10. Kvinnelige misjonsarbeidere, Se til hvorledes i bygger videre, K. M. A. gjennom SD är, Oslo 1952, p. 27.
11. http://www.armenocide.de/armenocide/armgende.nsf/0/DA7DFB02A0C594 C5C1256 AD700793C71.
12. Se til hvorledes i bygger videre, K. M. A. gjennom 50 ar, p. 28.
13. Unplished article by Bodil Biørn, "Armenia og armenierne", Oslo, dated October 1944.
14. R. Panossian, The Armenians. From Kings and Priests to Merchants and Commissars, Colombia University Press, New York, 2006, p. 141.
15. Kvinnelige misjonsarbeidere, Se til hvorledes i bygger videre, K. M. A. gjennom 50 ar, Oslo, 1952, p. 29.
16. U. Kaminsky, "German 'Home Mission' Abroad: The Orientabreit of the Deaconess Institution Kaiserswerth in the Ottoman Empire" in New Faith in Ancient Lands. Western Missions in the Middle East in the Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries ed. H. Murre-van den Berg, Leiden-Boston, 2006, pp. 191-210.
17. Se til hvorledes i bygger videre, K. M. A. gjennom 50 är, p. 30.
18. B. J. Merguerian, "Missions in Eden: Shaping an Educational and Social Program for the Armenians in Eastern Turkey (1855-1895) " in. H. Murre-van den Berg, p. 252.
19. E. Lohmann's "Skildringer af Armeniske Forhold og Tilstande", translated from German to Danish, published in Copenhagen, 1902, p. 30.
20. On Alma Johansson, see M. Smaberg "Att bevittna det outsagliga: Alma Johansson och massakern pa armenierna 1915" in Valeria Molnar (ed.), Vetenskapssocietetens Arbok Lund, 2007
21. For example Karen Jeppe; see J. Vejlager Karen Jeppe: 32 aars opofrende arbejde blandt armenierne (Kolding: Konrad J0rgensens Forlag, 1936);
22. Eva Lous, "Karen Jeppe-Danmarks forste befrielsesfilosof", Det danske fredsakademi. 2003, http://www.fredsakademiet.dk/library/jeppe.htm.
23. K. Hestad Skeie, "Pioneering Female Autonomy? Johanne Borchgrevink's Girls' School in Late-19th Century Madagascar", Le Fait Missionaire, no. 16, 2005, pp. 11-42.
24. S. E. Moranian's phrase, p. 185.
25. See for example D. Bloxham, The great Game of Genocide. Imperialism, Nationalism and the Destruction of the Ottoman Armenians (Oxford: Oxford University press, 2005) and Kaiser 2001.
26. Bjørnlund, "'A Fate Worse than Dying': Sexual Violence during the Armenian Genocide", p. 9.
27. Se til hvorledes i bygger videre, K. M. A. gjennom 50 ar, pp. 30-31.
28. A. Johansson, Ett folk i landsfykt: ett är ur armeniernas historia (Stockholm: Kvinnliga missionsarbetare, 1979), p. 8.
29. I. Sandberg "Armenia er mitt annet fedreland! Misjonaren Bodil Biørn intervjuet i 1948" in Historieglimt 2001. Arsskrift for Kragerø og Skätøy historielag, 2001, p. 85.
30. Se til hvorledes i bygger videre, K. M. A. gjennom 50 är, pp. 30-31.
31. Klasse kampen 3.7. 2005, p. 24.
32. Se til hvorledes I bygger videre, K. M. A. gjennom 50 ar, pp. 30-31.
33. Interview with Professor of History Margaret Anderson, University of California, Berkeley, in The Armenian Weekly, Nov. 11, 2006. (http:/www.armenianweekly.com)
34. M. Jacobsen, Maria Jacobsen Diary 1907-1919(Kharput-Turkey, Antelias, Lebanon, 1979), 210-211
35. See A. Toynbee The Treatment of Armenians in the Ottoman Empire: Documents Presented to Viscount Grey of Falldon, Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, London 1916, pp. 88-91. http://www.armenocide.de/armenocide/armgende. nsf/0/DA7DFB02A0C594C5C1256AD700793C71.
36. H. Kaiser (in collaboration with L. and N. Eskijian), At the Crossroads of der Zor: Death, Survival, and Humanitarian Resistance in Aleppo, 1915-1917, Princetown, NJ, 2001, p. 73.
37. Unplished article by Bodil Biørn, "Armenia og armenierne", Oslo, dated October 1944.