Aerosol optical depth in a western Mediterranean site: An assessment of different methods

Atmospheric Research

Volumn 174-175, Issue , 2016, Pages 70-84

  Sanchez Romero, A ^a   Gonzalez J A ^a   Calbo J ^a   Sanchez Lorenzo, A ^b   Michalsky, J ^c,d  

^a UNIVERSITY OF GIRONA   (Spain)

^b INSTITUTO PIRENAICO DE ECOLOGÍA   (Spain)

^c UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO   (United States)

^d EARTH SYSTEM RESEARCH LABORATORY   (United States)

Author keywords

Aerosol optical depth; Cimel sunphotometer; Multi filter rotating shadowband radiometer (MFRSR); Radiative closure; Satellite derived aerosol data; ngstr m exponent

Indexed keywords

AEROSOLS; ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOLS; DEFORESTATION; RADIOMETERS; SATELLITE IMAGERY; SATELLITES;

AEROSOL OPTICAL DEPTHS; AEROSOL OPTICAL PROPERTY; MEAN ABSOLUTE DIFFERENCES; RADIATIVE CLOSURE; ROTATING SHADOWBAND RADIOMETER; SATELLITE MEASUREMENTS; SATELLITE OBSERVATIONS; SUN PHOTOMETERS;

OPTICAL PROPERTIES;

AERONET; AEROSOL PROPERTY; ASSESSMENT METHOD; OPTICAL DEPTH; PHOTOMETER; RADIATIVE FORCING; SATELLITE DATA;

MEDITERRANEAN REGION;

EID: 84966297398     PISSN: 01698095     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosres.2016.02.002     Document Type: Article

References (89)

1. Alados-Arboledas L., Lyamani H., Olmo F.J. Aerosol size properties at Armilla, Granada (Spain). Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 2003, 129:1395-1413. 10.1256/qj.01.207.
2. Alexandrov M.D., Kiedron P., Michalsky J.J., Hodges G., Flynn C.J., Lacis A.A. Optical depth measurements by shadow-band radiometers and their uncertainties. Appl. Opt. 2007, 46:8027-8038.
3. Alexandrov M.D., Lacis A.A., Carlson B.E., Cairns B. Remote sensing of atmospheric aerosols and trace gases by means of multifilter rotating shadowband radiometer. Part I : retrieval algorithm. J. Atmos. Sci. 2002, 59:524-543.
4. Alexandrov M.D., Lacis A.A., Carlson B.E., Cairns B. Characterization of atmospheric aerosols using MFRSR measurements. J. Geophys. Res. 2008, 113:D08204. 10.1029/2007JD009388.
5. Alexandrov M.D., Marshak A., Cairns B., Lacis A.A., Carlson B.E. Automated cloud screening algorithm for MFRSR data. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2004, 31:L04118. 10.1029/2003GL019105.
6. Ångström A. On the atmospheric transmission of sun radiation and on dust in the air. Geogr. Ann. 1929, 2:156-166.
7. Ångström A. The parameters of atmospheric turbidity. Tellus 1964, 1:64-75.
8. Augustine J.A., Cornwall C.R., Hodges G.B., Long C.N., Medina C.I., DeLuisi J.J. An automated method of MFRSR calibration for aerosol optical depth analysis with application to an Asian Dust Outbreak over the United States. J. Appl. Meteorol. 2003, 42:266-278.
9. Augustine J.A., Hodges G.B., Dutton E.G., Michalsky J.J., Cornwall C.R. An aerosol optical depth climatology for NOAA's national surface radiation budget network (SURFRAD). J. Geophys. Res. 2008, 113. 10.1029/2007JD009504.
10. Bennouna Y.S., Cachorro V.E., Toledano C., Berjón A., Prats N., Fuertes D., Gonzalez R., Rodrigo R., Torres B., de Frutos A.M. Comparison of atmospheric aerosol climatologies over southwestern Spain derived from AERONET and MODIS. Remote Sens. Environ. 2011, 115:1272-1284. 10.1016/j.rse.2011.01.011.
11. Bennouna Y.S., Cachorro V.E., Torres B., Toledano C., Berjón A., de Frutos A.M., Alonso Fernández Coppel I. Atmospheric turbidity determined by the annual cycle of the aerosol optical depth over north-center Spain from ground (AERONET) and satellite (MODIS). Atmos. Environ. 2013, 67:352-364. 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.10.065.
12. Bodhaine B.A., Wood N.B., Dutton E.G., Slusser J.R. On Rayleigh optical depth calculations. J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol. 1999, 16:1854-1861.
13. Boucher O., Randall D., Artaxo P., Bretherton C., Feingold G.-, Forster P., Kerminen V.M., Kondo Y., Liao H., Lohman U., Rasch P., Satheesh S.K., Sherwood S., Stevens B., Zhang X.Y. Clouds and aerosols, in: climate change 2013: the physical science basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change 2013, 571-658. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA.
14. Bouya Z., Box G.P. Seasonal variation of aerosol size distributions in Darwin, Australia. J. Atmos. Sol. Terr. Phys. 2011, 73:2022-2033. 10.1016/j.jastp.2011.06.016.
15. Bouya Z., Box G.P., Box M.A. Seasonal variability of aerosol optical properties in Darwin, Australia. J. Atmos. Sol. Terr. Phys. 2010, 72:726-739. 10.1016/j.jastp.2010.03.015.
16. Calbó J., Sabburg J. Feature extraction from whole-sky ground-based images for cloud-type recognition. J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol. 2008, 25:3-14. 10.1175/2007JTECHA959.1.
17. Charlson R.J., Schwartz S.E., Hales J.M., Cess R.D., Coakley J.A., Hansen J.E., Hofmann D.J. Climate forcing by anthropogenic aerosols. Science 1992, 255(80-):423-430.
18. Cheng T., Chen H., Gu X., Yu T., Guo J., Guo H. The inter-comparison of MODIS, MISR and GOCART aerosol products against AERONET data over China. J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf. 2012, 113:2135-2145. 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2012.06.016.
19. Ciardini V., Di Iorio T., Di Liberto L., Tirelli C., Casasanta G., di Sarra A., Fiocco G., Fuà D., Cacciani M. Seasonal variability of tropospheric aerosols in Rome. Atmos. Res. 2012, 118:205-214. 10.1016/j.atmosres.2012.06.026.
20. De Meij A., Lelieveld J. Evaluating aerosol optical properties observed by ground-based and satellite remote sensing over the Mediterranean and the Middle East in 2006. Atmos. Res. 2011, 99:415-433. 10.1016/j.atmosres.2010.11.005.
21. Dee D.P., Uppala S.M., Simmons A.J., Berrisford P., Poli P., Kobayashi S., Andrae U., Balmaseda M.a., Balsamo G., Bauer P., Bechtold P., Beljaars A.C.M., van de Berg L., Bidlot J., Bormann N., Delsol C., Dragani R., Fuentes M., Geer A.J., Haimberger L., Healy S.B., Hersbach H., Hólm E.V., Isaksen L., Kållberg P., Köhler M., Matricardi M., McNally A.P., Monge-Sanz B.M., Morcrette J.-J., Park B.-K., Peubey C., de Rosnay P., Tavolato C., Thépaut J.-N., Vitart F. The ERA-Interim reanalysis: configuration and performance of the data assimilation system. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 2011, 137:553-597. 10.1002/qj.828.
22. Diner D.J., Beckert J.C., Reilly T.H., Bruegge C.J., Conel J.E., Kahn R.a., Martonchik J.V., Ackerman T.P., Davies R., Gerstl S.A.W., Gordon H.R., Muller J., Myneni R.B., Sellers P.J., Pinty B., Verstraete M.M. Multi-angle imaging spectroradiometer (MISR) instrument description and experiment overview. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. 1998, 36:1072-1087. 10.1109/36.700992.
23. Diner D.J., Braswell B.H., Davies R., Gobron N., Hu J., Jin Y., Kahn R.A., Knyazikhin Y., Loeb N., Muller J.-P., Nolin A.W., Pinty B., Schaaf C.B., Seiz G., Stroeve J. The value of multiangle measurements for retrieving structurally and radiatively consistent properties of clouds, aerosols, and surfaces. Remote Sens. Environ. 2005, 97:495-518. 10.1016/j.rse.2005.06.006.
24. Do Rosário N., Yamasoe M.A., Sayão A., Siqueira R. Multifilter rotating shadowband radiometer calibration for spectral aerosol optical depth retrievals over São Paulo City, Brazil. Appl. Opt. 2008, 47:1171-1176.
25. Dubovik O., King M.D. A flexible inversion algorithm for retrieval of aerosol optical properties from sun and sky radiance measurements. J. Geophys. Res. 2000, 105:20673-20696. 10.1029/2000JD900282.
26. Eck T.F., Holben B.N., Ward D.E., Dubovik O., Reid J.S., Smirnov A., Mukelabai M.M., Hsu N.C., O'Neill N.T., Slutsker I. Characterization of the optical properties of biomass burning aerosols in Zambia during the 1997 ZIBBEE field campaign. J. Geophys. Res. 2001, 106:3425-3448.
27. Estellés V., Martínez-Lozano J.A., Utrillas M.P., Campanelli M. Columnar aerosol properties in Valencia (Spain) by ground-based sun photometry. J. Geophys. Res. 2007, 112:D11201. 10.1029/2006JD008167.
28. Forgan B.W. General method for calibrating sun photometers. Appl. Opt. 1994, 33:4841-4850.
29. Ge J.M., Huang J.P., Su J., Bi J.R., Fu Q. Shortwave radiative closure experiment and direct forcing of dust aerosol over northwestern China. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2011, 38. (n/a-n/a). 10.1029/2011GL049571.
30. Ge J.M., Su J., Ackerman T.P., Fu Q., Huang J.P., Shi J.S. Dust aerosol optical properties retrieval and radiative forcing over northwestern China during the 2008 China-U.S. joint field experiment. J. Geophys. Res. 2010, 115:D00K12. 10.1029/2009JD013263.
31. Gerasopoulos E., Andreae M.O., Zerefos C.S., Andreae T.W., Balis D., Formenti P., Merlet P., Amiridis V. Climatological aspects of aerosol optical properties in Northern Greece. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2003, 3:2025-2041.
32. Gueymard C. SMARTS2, A Simple Model of the Atmospheric Radiative Transfer of Sunshine: Algorithms and Performance Assessment 1995, Florida Solar Energy Center, Cocoa, Florida.
33. Gueymard C.A. Direct solar transmittance and irradiance predictions with broadband models. Part II: validation with high-quality measurements. Sol. Energy 2003, 74:381-395.
34. Halthore N., Nemesure S., Schwartz S.E., Imre D.G., Berk A., Dutton E.G., Bergin M.H. Models overestimate diffuse clear-sky surface irradiance: a case for excess atmospheric absorption. Geophys. Res. Lett. 1998, 25:3591-3594.
35. Hansen J., Sato M., Ruedy R. Radiative forcing and climate response. J. Geophys. Res. 1997, 102:6831-6864.
36. Harrison L., Michalsky J. Objective algorithms for the retrieval of optical depths from ground-based measurements. Appl. Opt. 1994, 33:5126-5132.
37. Harrison L., Michalsky J., Berndt J. Automated multifilter rotating shadow-band radiometer: an instrument for optical depth and radiation measurements. Appl. Opt. 1994, 33:5118-5125.
38. Hess M., Koepke P., Schult I. Optical properties of aerosols and clouds: the software package OPAC. Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. 1998, 79:831-844.
39. Holben B.N., Eck T.F., Slutsker I., Tanre D., Buis J.P., Setzer A., Vermote E., Reagan J.A., Kaufman Y.J., Nakajima T., Lavenu F., Jankowiak I., Smirnov A. AERONET - a federated instrument network and data archive for aerosol characterization. Remote Sens. Environ. 1998, 66:1-16.
40. Holben B.N., Tanre D., Smirnov A., Eck T.F., Slutsker I., Abuhassan N., Newcomb W.W., Schafer J.S., Chatenet B., Lavenu F., Kaufman Y.J., Castle J.Vande, Setzer A., Markham B., Clark D., Frouin R., Halthore R., Karneli A., Neill N.T.O., Pietras C. An emerging ground-based aerosol climatology: aerosol optical depth from AERONET. J. Geophys. Res. 2001, 106:12067-12097.
41. Iqbal M. An Introduction to Solar Radiation 1983, Elsevier.
42. Janjai S., Suntaropas S., Nunez M. Investigation of aerosol optical properties in Bangkok and suburbs. Theor. Appl. Climatol. 2008, 96:221-233. 10.1007/s00704-008-0026-4.
43. Kahn R.A. Multiangle imaging spectroradiometer (MISR) global aerosol optical depth validation based on 2 years of coincident Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) observations. J. Geophys. Res. 2005, 110:D10S04. 10.1029/2004JD004706.
44. Kanniah K.D., Lim H.Q., Kaskaoutis D.G., Cracknell A.P. Investigating aerosol properties in Peninsular Malaysia via the synergy of satellite remote sensing and ground-based measurements. Atmos. Res. 2014, 138:223-239. 10.1016/j.atmosres.2013.11.018.
45. Kassianov E., Flynn C., Koontz A., Sivaraman C., Barnard J. Failure and redemption of multifilter rotating shadowband radiometer (MFRSR)/normal incidence multifilter radiometer (NIMFR) cloud screening: contrasting algorithm performance at atmospheric radiation measurement (ARM) north slope of Alaska (NSA) and southern Great Plains (SGP) sites. Atmosphere (Basel) 2013, 4:299-314. 10.3390/atmos4030299.
46. Kassianov E.I., Flynn C.J., Ackerman T.P., Barnard J.C. Aerosol single-scattering albedo and asymmetry parameter from MFRSR observations during the ARM Aerosol IOP 2003. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2007, 7:3341-3351. 10.5194/acp-7-3341-2007.
47. Kato S., Ackerman P., Clothiaux E., Mather H., Mace G., Wesely M.L., Murcray F., Michalsky J. Uncertainties in modeled and measured clear-sky surface shortwave irradiances. J. Geophys. Res. 1997, 102:25881-25898.
48. Kharol S.K., Badarinath K.V.S., Sharma A.R., Kaskaoutis D.G., Kambezidis H.D. Multiyear analysis of Terra/Aqua MODIS aerosol optical depth and ground observations over tropical urban region of Hyderabad, India. Atmos. Environ. 2011, 45:1532-1542. 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.12.047.
49. King M.D., Kaufman Y.J., Menzel W.P., Tanre D. Remote sensing of cloud, aerosol, and water vapor properties from the moderate resolution imaging spectrometer (MODIS). IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. 1992, 30:2-27.
50. Lee K.H., Li Z., Cribb M.C., Liu J., Wang L., Zheng Y., Xia X., Chen H., Li B. Aerosol optical depth measurements in eastern China and a new calibration method. J. Geophys. Res. 2010, 115:D00K11. 10.1029/2009JD012812.
51. Lee K.H., Li Z., Kim Y.J., Kokhanovsky A. Atmospheric aerosol monitoring from satellite observations: a history of three decades. Atmos. Biol. Environ. Monit. 2009, 10.1007/978-1-4020-9674-7.
52. Levy R.C., Mattoo S., Munchak L.A., Remer L.A., Sayer A.M., Patadia F., Hsu N.C. The Collection 6 MODIS aerosol products over land and ocean. Atmos. Meas. Tech. 2013, 6:2989-3034. 10.5194/amt-6-2989-2013.
53. Liley J.B., Forgan B.W. Aerosol optical depth over Lauder, New Zealand. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2009, 36. (n/a-n/a). 10.1029/2008GL037141.
54. Lyapustin A., Wang Y., Xiong X., Meister G., Platnick S., Levy R., Franz B., Korkin S., Hilker T., Tucker J., Hall F., Sellers P., Wu A., Angal A. Science impact of MODIS C5 calibration degradation and C6+ improvements. Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss. 2014, 7:7281-7319. 10.5194/amtd-7-7281-2014.
55. Masmoudi M., Chaabane M., Tanré D., Gouloup P., Blarel L., Elleuch F. Spatial and temporal variability of aerosol: size distribution and optical properties. Atmos. Res. 2003, 66:1-19. 10.1016/S0169-8095(02)00174-6.
56. Mazzola M., Lanconelli C., Lupi A., Busetto M., Vitale V., Tomasi C. Columnar aerosol optical properties in the Po Valley, Italy, from MFRSR data. J. Geophys. Res. 2010, 115:D17206. 10.1029/2009JD013310.
57. McFarlane S.A., Kassianov E.I., Barnard J., Flynn C., Ackerman T.P. Surface shortwave aerosol radiative forcing during the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Mobile Facility deployment in Niamey, Niger. J. Geophys. Res. 2009, 114:D00E06. 10.1029/2008JD010491.
58. McPeters R., Kroon M., Labow G., Brinksma E., Balis D., Petropavlovskikh I., Veefkind J.P., Bhartia P.K., Levelt P.F. Validation of the Aura Ozone Monitoring Instrument total column ozone product. J. Geophys. Res. 2008, 113:D15S14. 10.1029/2007JD008802.
59. Michalsky J., LeBaron B. Fifteen-year aerosol optical depth climatology for Salt Lake City. J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. 2013, 118:3271-3277. 10.1002/jgrd.50329.
60. Michalsky J., Denn F., Flynn C., Hodges G., Kiedron P., Koontz A., Schlemmer J., Schwartz S.E. Climatology of aerosol optical depth in north-central Oklahoma: 1992-2008. J. Geophys. Res. 2010, 115. 10.1029/2009JD012197.
61. Michalsky J.J., Anderson G.P., Barnard J., Delamere J., Gueymard C., Kato S., Kiedron P., McComiskey A., Ricchiazzi P. Shortwave radiative closure studies for clear skies during the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement 2003 Aerosol Intensive Observation Period. J. Geophys. Res. 2006, 111:D14S90. 10.1029/2005JD006341.
62. Michalsky J.J., Schlemmer J.A., Berkheiser W.E., Berndt J.L., Harrison L.C., Laulainen N.S., Larson N.R., Barnard J.C. Multiyear measurements of aerosol optical depth in the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement and Quantitative Links programs. J. Geophys. Res. 2001, 106:12099-12107.
63. More S. Comparison of aerosol products retrieved from AERONET, MICROTOPS and MODIS over a tropical urban city, Pune, India. Aerosol Air Qual. Res. 2013, 107-121. 10.4209/aaqr.2012.04.0102.
64. Obregón M.A., Pereira S., Wagner F., Serrano A., Cancillo M.L., Silva A.M. Regional differences of column aerosol parameters in western Iberian Peninsula. Atmos. Environ. 2012, 62:208-219. 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.08.016.
65. Obregón M.A., Serrano A., Cancillo M.L., Cachorro V.E., Toledano C. Aerosol radiometric properties at Western Spain (Cáceres station). Int. J. Climatol. 2014, (n/a-n/a). 10.1002/joc.4031.
66. Pace G., di Sarra A., Meloni D., Piacentino S., Chamard P. Aerosol optical properties at Lampedusa (Central Mediterranean). 1. Influence of transport and identification of different aerosol types. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2006, 6:697-713. 10.5194/acp-6-697-2006.
67. Pereira S.N., Wagner F., Silva A.M. Seven years of measurements of aerosol scattering properties, near the surface, in the southwestern Iberia Peninsula. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2011, 11:17-29. 10.5194/acp-11-17-2011.
68. Perrone M.R., Santese M., Tafuro A.M., Holben B., Smirnov A. Aerosol load characterization over South-East Italy for one year of AERONET sun-photometer measurements. Atmos. Res. 2005, 75:111-133. 10.1016/j.atmosres.2004.12.003.
69. Prats N., Cachorro V., Sorribas M., Mogo S., Berjon A., Toledano C., Defrutos A., Delarosa J., Laulainen N., Delamorena B. Columnar aerosol optical properties during "El Arenosillo 2004 summer campaign". Atmos. Environ. 2008, 42:2643-2653. 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.07.041.
70. Qi Y., Ge J., Huang J. Spatial and temporal distribution of MODIS and MISR aerosol optical depth over northern China and comparison with AERONET. Chin. Sci. Bull. 2013, 58:2497-2506. 10.1007/s11434-013-5678-5.
71. Ramachandran S., Jayaraman A. Balloon-borne study of the upper tropospheric and stratospheric aerosols over a tropical station in India. Tellus 2003, 55B:820-836.
72. Ramanathan V., Crutzen P.J., Kiehl J.T., Rosenfeld D. Aerosols, climate, and the hydrological cycle. Science 2001, 294:2119-2124. 10.1126/science.1064034.
73. Remer L.A., Tanré D., Kaufman Y.J., Levy R., Mattoo S. Algorithm for remote sensing of tropospheric aerosol from MODIS: collection 005, product ID MOD04/MYD04 (ref. no. ATBD-MOD-96) Available at. http://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov/data/atbd/atbd_mod02.pdf.
74. Ricchiazzi P., Gautier C., Ogren J.A., Schmid B. A comparison of aerosol optical properties obtained from in situ measurements and retrieved from sun and sky radiance observations during the May 2003 ARM aerosol intensive observation period. J. Geophys. Res. 2006, 111:D05S06. 10.1029/2005JD005863.
75. Rosenfeld D., Andreae M.O., Asmi A., Chin M., Leeuw G., Donovan D.P., Kahn R., Kinne S., Kivekäs N., Kulmala M., Lau W., Schmidt K.S., Suni T., Wagner T., Wild M., Quaas J. Global observations of aerosol-cloud-precipitation-climate interactions. Rev. Geophys. 2014, 52:750-808. 10.1002/2013RG000441.Received.
76. Ruiz-Arias J.A., Dudhia J., Gueymard C.A., Pozo-Vázquez D. Assessment of the Level-3 MODIS daily aerosol optical depth in the context of surface solar radiation and numerical weather modeling. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2013, 13:675-692. 10.5194/acp-13-675-2013.
77. Salomonson V.V., Barnes W.L., Maymon P.W., Montgomery H.E., Ostrow H. MODIS: advanced facility instrument for studies of the earth as a system. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. 1989, 27:145-153.
78. Segura S., Estellés V., Esteve A.R., Tena F., Utrillas M.P., Martínez-lozano J.A. Assessment and application of MODIS ocean and land algorithms for the characterization of aerosol properties over a Mediterranean coastal site. Atmos. Res. 2015, 157:66-73. 10.1016/j.atmosres.2015.01.019.
79. Shettle E.P., Anderson S. New visibile and near IR ozone absorption cross-sections for MODTRAN. Proceedings of the 17th Annual Review Conference on Atmospheric Transmission Models. PL-TR-92-2060 1995, 335-345. Phillips Lab., Hanscom Air Force Base, Mass. G.P. Anderson, R.H. Picard, J.H. Chetwynd (Eds.).
80. Shettle E.P., Fenn R.W. Models for the Aerosols of the Lower Atmosphere and the Effects of Humidity Variations on Their Optical Properties 1979, Air Force Geophysics Lab., AFGL-TR-79-0214, Hanscom, Massachusetts.
81. Sicard M., Rocadenbosch F., Reba M.N.M., Comerón A., Tomás S., García-Vízcaino D., Batet O., Barrios R., Kumar D., Baldasano J.M. Seasonal variability of aerosol optical properties observed by means of a Raman lidar at an EARLINET site over Northeastern Spain. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2011, 11:175-190. 10.5194/acp-11-175-2011.
82. Toledano C., Cachorro V.E., Berjon A., de Frutos A.M., Sorribas M., de la Morena B.A., Goloub P. Aerosol optical depth and Angström exponent climatology at El Arenosillo AERONET site (Huelva, Spain). Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 2007, 133:795-807. 10.1002/qj.
83. Torres O., Bhartia P.K., Herman J.R., Sinyu A., Ginoux P., Holben B. A long-term record of aerosol optical depth from TOMS observations and comparison to AERONET measurements. J. Atmos. Sci. 2002, 59:398-413.
84. Twomey S. The influence of pollution on the shortwave albedo of clouds. J. Atmos. Sci. 1977, 34:1149-1152.
85. Valenzuela A., Olmo F.J., Lyamani H., Antón M., Titos G., Cazorla A., Alados-Arboledas L. Aerosol scattering and absorption Angström exponents as indicators of dust and dust-free days over Granada (Spain). Atmos. Res. 2015, 154:1-13. 10.1016/j.atmosres.2014.10.015.
86. Valenzuela A., Olmo F.J., Lyamani H., Quirantes A., Alados-Arboledas L. Aerosol radiative properties retrieved during Saharan dust events in Southeastern Spain from 2005 to 2008. Ópt. Appl. 2011, 1516:661-664.
87. Vladutescu D.V., Madhavan B.L., Gross B.M., Aguirre A., Moshary F., Ahmed S.A., Member L., Razani M., Blake R.A. Assessment of Langley and NASA-GISS calibration techniques for MFRSR aerosol retrieval. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. 2013, 84:1-16.
88. Wang L., Xin J., Wang Y., Li Z., Liu G., Li J. Evaluation of the MODIS aerosol optical depth retrieval over different ecosystems in China during EAST-AIRE. Atmos. Environ. 2007, 41:7138-7149. 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.05.001.
89. Wang P., Knap W.H., Kuipers Munneke P., Stammes P. Clear-sky shortwave radiative closure for the Cabauw Baseline Surface Radiation Network site, Netherlands. J. Geophys. Res. 2009, 114:D14206. 10.1029/2009JD011978.