Relationship among body fat percentage, body mass index, and all-cause mortality: A Cohort Study

Annals of Internal Medicine

Volumn 164, Issue 8, 2016, Pages 532-541

  Padwal, Raj ^a   Leslie, William D ^b   Lix, Lisa M ^b   Majumdar, Sumit R ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ALBERTA   (Canada)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MANITOBA   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AGED; BODY MASS; COHORT ANALYSIS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; FEMALE; HUMAN; MALE; MANITOBA; MIDDLE AGED; MORTALITY; OBESITY; PHOTON ABSORPTIOMETRY; PROPORTIONAL HAZARDS MODEL;

ABSORPTIOMETRY, PHOTON; ADIPOSITY; AGED; BODY MASS INDEX; COHORT STUDIES; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MANITOBA; MIDDLE AGED; MORTALITY; OBESITY; OVERWEIGHT; PROPORTIONAL HAZARDS MODELS;

EID: 84964556621     PISSN: 00034819     EISSN: 15393704     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.7326/M15-1181     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. Boggs DA, Rosenberg L, Cozier YC, Wise LA, Coogan PF, Ruiz-Narvaez EA, et al. General and abdominal obesity and risk of death among black women. N Engl J Med. 2011; 365:901-8. [PMID: 21899451] doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1104119
2. Berrington de Gonzalez A, Hartge P, Cerhan JR, Flint AJ, Hannan L, MacInnis RJ, et al. Body-mass index and mortality among 1.46 million white adults. N Engl J Med. 2010; 363:2211-9. [PMID: 21121834] doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1000367
3. Whitlock G, Lewington S, Sherliker P, Clarke R, Emberson J, Halsey J, et al; Prospective Studies Collaboration. Body-mass index and cause-specific mortality in 900 000 adults: collaborative analyses of 57 prospective studies. Lancet. 2009; 373:1083-96. [PMID: 19299006] doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60318-4
4. Flegal KM, Kit BK, Orpana H, Graubard BI. Association of all-cause mortality with overweight and obesity using standard body mass index categories: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA. 2013; 309:71-82. [PMID: 23280227] doi:10.1001/jama.2012 .113905
5. Kalantar-Zadeh K, Horwich TB, Oreopoulos A, Kovesdy CP, Younessi H, Anker SD, et al. Risk factor paradox in wasting diseases. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2007; 10:433-42. [PMID: 17563461]
6. Oreopoulos A, Kalantar-Zadeh K, Sharma AM, Fonarow GC. The obesity paradox in the elderly: potential mechanisms and clinical implications. Clin Geriatr Med. 2009; 25:643-59, viii. [PMID: 19944265] doi:10.1016/j.cger.2009.07.005
7. Oreopoulos A, Padwal R, Kalantar-Zadeh K, Fonarow GC, Norris CM, McAlister FA. Body mass index and mortality in heart failure: a meta-analysis. Am Heart J. 2008; 156:13-22. [PMID: 18585492] doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2008.02.014
8. Lavie CJ, Alpert MA, Arena R, Mehra MR, Milani RV, Ventura HO. Impact of obesity and the obesity paradox on prevalence and prognosis in heart failure. JACC Heart Fail. 2013; 1:93-102. [PMID: 24621833] doi:10.1016/j.jchf.2013.01.006
9. Greenberg JA. The obesity paradox in the US population. Am J ClinNutr.2013; 97:1195-200.[PMID:23636238]doi:10.3945/ajcn.112 .045815
10. Vapattanawong P, Aekplakorn W, Rakchanyaban U, Prasartkul P, Porapakkham Y. Obesity and mortality among older Thais: a four year follow up study. BMC Public Health. 2010; 10:604. [PMID: 20942942] doi:10.1186/1471-2458-10-604
11. Costanzo P, Cleland JG, Pellicori P, Clark AL, Hepburn D, Kilpatrick ES, et al. The obesity paradox in type 2 diabetes mellitus: relationship of body mass index to prognosis: a cohort study. Ann Intern Med. 2015; 162:610-8. [PMID: 25938991] doi:10.7326/M14-1551
12. Flegal KM, Kalantar-Zadeh K. Overweight, mortality and survival [Editorial]. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2013; 21:1744-5. [PMID: 23929522] doi:10.1002/oby.20588
13. Lavie CJ, Mehra MR, Milani RV. Obesity and heart failure prognosis: paradox or reverse epidemiology? [Editorial]. Eur Heart J. 2005; 26:5-7. [PMID: 15615792]
14. Lavie CJ, Milani RV, Ventura HO, Romero-Corral A. Body composition and heart failure prevalence and prognosis: getting to the fat of the matter in the "obesity paradox" [Editorial]. Mayo Clin Proc. 2010; 85:605-8. [PMID: 20592168] doi:10.4065/mcp.2010.0333
15. Habbu A, Lakkis NM, Dokainish H. The obesity paradox: fact or fiction? Am J Cardiol. 2006; 98:944-8. [PMID: 16996880]
16. Lavie CJ, De Schutter A, Patel DA, Milani RV. Body composition and fitness in the obesity paradox-body mass index alone does not tell the whole story [Editorial]. Prev Med. 2013; 57:1-2. [PMID: 23545240] doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2013.03.010
17. Agarwal R, Bills JE, Light RP. Diagnosing obesity by body mass index in chronic kidney disease: an explanation for the "obesity paradox?". Hypertension. 2010; 56:893-900. [PMID: 20876448] doi:10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.110.160747
18. Oreopoulos A, Fonarow GC, Ezekowitz JA, McAlister FA, Sharma AM, Kalantar-Zadeh K, et al. Do anthropometric indices accurately reflect directly measured body composition in men and women with chronic heart failure? Congest Heart Fail. 2011; 17:90-2. [PMID: 21449998] doi:10.1111/j.1751-7133.2010.00204.x
19. Roos NP, Shapiro E. Revisiting the Manitoba Centre for Health Policy and Evaluation and its population-based health information system. Med Care. 1999; 37:JS10-4. [PMID: 10409002]
20. Leslie WD, Caetano PA, Macwilliam LR, Finlayson GS. Construction and validation of a population-based bone densitometry database. J Clin Densitom. 2005; 8:25-30. [PMID: 15722584]
21. Leslie WD, Majumdar SR, Lix LM, Johansson H, Oden A, Mc-Closkey E, et al; Manitoba Bone Density Program. High fracture probability with FRAX usually indicates densitometric osteoporosis: implications for clinical practice. Osteoporos Int. 2012; 23:391-7. [PMID: 21365460] doi:10.1007/s00198-011-1592-3
22. Leslie WD, Lix LM, Tsang JF, Caetano PA; Manitoba Bone Density Program. Single-site vs multisite bone density measurement for fracture prediction. Arch Intern Med. 2007; 167:1641-7. [PMID: 17698687]
23. Leslie WD, Orwoll ES, Nielson CM, Morin SN, Majumdar SR, Johansson H, et al. Estimated lean mass and fat mass differentially affect femoral bone density and strength index but are not FRAX independent risk factors for fracture. J Bone Miner Res. 2014; 29: 2511-9. [PMID: 24825359] doi:10.1002/jbmr.2280
24. Johansson H, Kanis JA, Odén A, McCloskey E, Chapurlat RD, Christiansen C, et al. A meta-analysis of the association of fracture risk and body mass index in women. J Bone Miner Res. 2014; 29:223-33. [PMID: 23775829] doi:10.1002/jbmr.2017
25. Leslie WD, Ludwig SM, Morin S. Abdominal fat from spine dualenergy x-ray absorptiometry and risk for subsequent diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2010; 95:3272-6. [PMID: 20392865] doi:10.1210/jc.2009-2794
26. Weiner JP, Starfield BH, Steinwachs DM, Mumford LM. Development and application of a population-oriented measure of ambulatory care case-mix. Med Care. 1991; 29:452-72. [PMID: 1902278]
27. Austin PC, Walraven Cv. The mortality risk score and the ADG score: two points-based scoring systems for the Johns Hopkins aggregated diagnosis groups to predict mortality in a general adult population cohort in Ontario, Canada. Med Care. 2011; 49:940-7. [PMID: 21921849] doi:10.1097/MLR.0b013e318229360e
28. Fraser LA, Langsetmo L, Berger C, Ioannidis G, Goltzman D, Adachi JD, et al; CaMos Research Group. Fracture prediction and calibration of a Canadian FRAXR tool: a population-based report from CaMos. Osteoporos Int. 2011; 22:829-37. [PMID: 21161508] doi:10.1007/s00198-010-1465-1
29. Leslie WD, Lix LM, Johansson H, Oden A, McCloskey E, Kanis JA; Manitoba Bone Density Program. Independent clinical validation of a Canadian FRAX tool: fracture prediction and model calibration. J Bone Miner Res. 2010; 25:2350-8. [PMID: 20499367] doi:10.1002/jbmr.123
30. Statistics Canada. CANSIM database. Table 102-0504: Deaths and Mortality Rates, by Age Group and Sex, Canada, Provinces and Territories. 2015. Accessed at http://www5.statcan.gc.ca/cansim/a05?lang=eng&id=1020504 on 2 August 2015.
31. Anker SD, Ponikowski P, Varney S, Chua TP, Clark AL, Webb-Peploe KM, et al. Wasting as independent risk factor for mortality in chronic heart failure. Lancet. 1997; 349:1050-3. [PMID: 9107242]
32. Oreopoulos A, Ezekowitz JA, McAlister FA, Kalantar-Zadeh K, Fonarow GC, Norris CM, et al. Association between direct measures of body composition and prognostic factors in chronic heart failure. MayoClin Proc. 2010; 85:609-17. [PMID: 20592169] doi:10.4065/mcp .2010.0103
33. Lavie CJ, Cahalin LP, Chase P, Myers J, Bensimhon D, Peberdy MA, et al. Impact of cardiorespiratory fitness on the obesity paradox in patients with heart failure. Mayo Clin Proc. 2013; 88:251-8. [PMID: 23489451] doi:10.1016/j.mayocp.2012.11.020
34. McAuley PA, Artero EG, Sui X, Lee DC, Church TS, Lavie CJ, et al. The obesity paradox, cardiorespiratory fitness, and coronary heart disease. Mayo Clin Proc. 2012; 87:443-51. [PMID: 22503065] doi:10.1016/j.mayocp.2012.01.013
35. Clark AL, Chyu J, Horwich TB. The obesity paradox in men versus women with systolic heart failure. Am J Cardiol. 2012; 110:77-82. [PMID: 22497678] doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2012.02.050
36. Lavie CJ, Osman AF, Milani RV, Mehra MR. Body composition and prognosis in chronic systolic heart failure: the obesity paradox. Am J Cardiol. 2003; 91:891-4. [PMID: 12667583]
37. Coutinho T, Goel K, Corrêa de SáD, Carter RE, Hodge DO, Kragelund C, et al. Combining body mass index with measures of central obesity in the assessment of mortality in subjects with coronary disease: role of "normal weight central obesity." J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013; 61:553-60. [PMID: 23369419] doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2012.10.035