Negative symptoms and their association with depressive symptoms in the long-term course of schizophrenia

European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience

Volumn 266, Issue 5, 2016, Pages 387-396

  an der Heiden, Wolfram ^a   Leber, Anne ^a   Häfner, Heinz ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HEIDELBERG   (Germany)

Author keywords

Depressive symptoms; Long term course; Negative symptoms; Schizophrenia; Sex differences

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ANHEDONIA; ARTICLE; CHILD; DEPRESSION; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DISEASE COURSE; FEMALE; FOLLOW UP; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; NEGATIVE SYNDROME; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PSYCHOSIS; SCHIZOPHRENIA; SEX DIFFERENCE; COHORT ANALYSIS; COMPLICATION; MIDDLE AGED; PSYCHOLOGICAL RATING SCALE; PSYCHOLOGY; SEXUAL DEVELOPMENT; STATISTICS; TIME FACTOR; YOUNG ADULT;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; CHILD; COHORT STUDIES; DEPRESSION; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PREVALENCE; PSYCHIATRIC STATUS RATING SCALES; SCHIZOPHRENIA; SCHIZOPHRENIC PSYCHOLOGY; SEX CHARACTERISTICS; STATISTICS AS TOPIC; TIME FACTORS; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84964273525     PISSN: 09401334     EISSN: 14338491     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00406-016-0697-2     Document Type: Article

References (64)

1. Häfner H, an der Heiden W, Maurer K (2008) Evidence for separate diseases? Stages of one disease or different combinations of symptom dimensions? Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 258:85–96
2. Häfner H, Maurer K (1997) Klinische Epidemiologie der schizophrenen Negativsymptomatik - viele Fragen, wenig Antworten. In: Rockstroh B, Elbert T, Watzl H (eds) Impulse für die klinische Psychologie. Hogrefe, Göttingen, pp 43–69
3. Häfner H (2005) Das Rätsel Schizophrenie - Eine Krankheit wird entschlüsselt. C.H. Beck Verlag, München, München
4. Malla AK, Norman RMG, Takhar J et al (2004) Can patients at risk for persistent negative symptoms be identified during their first episode of psychosis? J Nerv Ment Dis 192:455–463
5. Mäkinen J, Miettunen J, Isohanni M, Koponen H (2008) Negative symptoms in schizophrenia. A review. Nord J Psychiatry 62:334–341
6. Husted JA, Beiser M, Iacono WG (1992) Negative symptoms and the early course of schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res 43:215–222
7. Eaton WW, Thara R, Federman B, Melton B, Liang KY (1995) Structure and course of positive and negative symptoms in schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 52:127–134
8. Herbener ES, Harrow M (2001) Longitudinal assessment of negative symptoms in schizophrenia/schizoaffective patients, other psychotic patients, and depressed patients. Schizophr Bull 27:527–537
9. Maurer K, Häfner H (1996) Negativsymptomatik im Frühverlauf der Schizophrenie und im Verlauf über drei Jahre nach Ersthospitalisation. In: Möller H-J, Engel RR, Hoff P (eds) Befunderhebung in der Psychiatrie: Lebensqualität, Negativsymptomatik und andere aktuelle Entwicklungen. Springer, New York, pp 225–240
10. Bartels SJ, Drake RE (1988) Depressive symptoms in schizophrenia: comprehensive differential diagnosis. Compr Psychiatry 29:467–483
11. Siris SG, Bench C (2003) Depression and schizophrenia. In: Hirsch SR, Weinberger DR (eds) Schizophrenia, 2nd edn. Blackwell Publishing, Oxford, pp 142–167
12. Häfner H, Maurer K, Löffler W, an der Heiden W, Könnecke R, Hambrecht M (2002) The early course of schizophrenia. In: Häfner H (ed) Risk and protective factors in schizophrenia. Towards a conceptual model of the disease process. Steinkopff Verlag, Darmstadt, pp 207–228
13. Yung AR, McGorry PD (1996) The initial prodrome in psychosis: descriptive and qualitative aspects. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 30:587–599
14. Krabbendam L, Myin-Germeys I, Hanssen M et al (2005) Development of depressed mood predicts onset of psychotic disorder in individuals who report hallucinatory experiences. Br J Clin Psychol 44:113–125
15. Smeets F, Lataster T, Dominguez M, Hommes J (2012) Evidence that onset of psychosis in the population reflects early hallucinatory experiences that through environmental risks and affective dysregulation become complicated by delusions. Schizophr Bull 38:531–542
16. Kelleher I, Cederlöf M, Lichtenstein P (2014) Psychotic experiences as a predictor of the natural course of suicidal ideation: a Swedish cohort study. World Psychiatry 13:184–188
17. an der Heiden W, Könnecke R, Maurer K, Ropeter D, Häfner H (2005) Depression in the long-term course of schizophrenia. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 255:174–184
18. Addington D, Addington J, Patten S (1998) Depression in people with first-episode schizophrenia. Br J Psychiatry 172:90–92
19. Koreen AR, Siris SG, Chakos M, Alvir J, Mayerhoff D, Lieberman J (1993) Depression in first-episode schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry 150:1643–1648
20. Donlon PT, Rada RT, Arora KK (1976) Depression and the reintegration phase of acute schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry 133:1265–1268
21. Knights A, Hirsch SR (1981) ‘Revealed’ depression and drug treatment for schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 38:806–811
22. Gaebel W, Jänner M, Frommann N et al (2000) Prodromal states in schizophrenia. Compr Psychiatry 41:76–85
23. Herz MI, Melville C (1980) Relapse in schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry 137:801–805
24. Hirsch SR, Jolley AG (1989) The dysphoric syndrome in schizophrenia and its implications for relapse. Br J Psychiatry 155:46–50
25. Subotnik KL, Nuechterlein KH (1988) Prodromal signs and symptoms of schizophrenic relapse. J Abnorm Psychol 97:405–412
26. Barnes TRE, Curson DA, Liddle PF, Patel M (1989) The nature and prevalence of depression in chronic schizophrenic inpatients. Br J Psychiatry 154:486–491
27. Birchwood M, Mason R, Macmillan F, Healy J (1993) Depression, demoralization and control over psychotic illness: a comparison of depressed and non-depressed patients with a chronic psychosis. Psychol Med 23:387–395
28. Liddle PF, Barnes TR, Curson DA, Patel M (1993) Depression and the experience of psychological deficits in schizophrenia. Acta Psychiatr Scand 88:243–247
29. Siris SG (1987) Akinesia and post-psychotic depression: a difficult differential diagnosis. J Clin Psychiatry 48:240–243
30. van Putten T, Marder SR (1987) Behavioral toxicity of antipsychotic drugs. J Clin Psychiatry 48:13–19
31. Bühler B, Hambrecht M, Loffler W, an der Heiden W, Häfner H (2002) Precipitation and determination of the onset and course of schizophrenia by substance abuse—a retrospective and prospective study of 232 population-based first illness episodes. Schizophr Res 54:243–251
32. Schuckit A (1983) Alcoholism and other psychiatric disorders. Hosp Community Psychiatry 34:1022–1027
33. Weissman MM, Myers JK (1980) Clinical depression in alcoholism. Am J Psychiatry 137:372–373
34. Andreasen NC (1990) Positive and negative symptoms: historical and conceptual aspects. In: Anreasen NC (ed) Schizophrenia: positive and negative symptoms and syndromes. Karger, Basel, pp 1–42
35. Crow TJ (1985) The two-syndrome concept: origins and current status. Schizophr Bull 11:471–486
36. Chemerinski E, Bowie C, Anderson H, Harvey PD (2008) Depression in schizophrenia: methodological artifact or distinct feature of the illness? J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 20:431–440
37. Lindenmayer JP, Brown E, Baker RW et al (2004) An excitement subscale of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. Schizophr Res 68:331–337
38. Rabany L, Weiser M, Werbeloff N, Levkovitz Y (2011) Assessment of negative symptoms and depression in schizophrenia: revision of the SANS and how it relates to the PANSS and CDSS. Schizophr Res 126:226–230
39. Majadas S, Olivares J, Galan J, Diez T (2012) Prevalence of depression and its relationship with other clinical characteristics in a sample of patients with stable schizophrenia. Compr Psychiatry 53:145–151
40. Addington D, Addington J, Maticka-Tyndale E (1993) Assessing depression in schizophrenia: the Calgary Depression Scale. Br J Psychiatry 163(Suppl 22):39–44
41. Andreasen NC (1989) Scale for the assessment of negative symptoms (SANS). Br J Psychiatry 155:53–58
42. Emsley RA, Oosthuizen PP, Joubert AF, Roberts MC, Stein DJ (1999) Depressive and anxiety symptoms in patients with schizophrenia and schizophreniform disorder. J Clin Psychiatry 60:747–751
43. Kay SR, Fiszbein A, Opler LA (1987) The positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 13:261–276
44. Collins AA, Remington G, Coulter K, Birkett K (1996) Depression in schizophrenia: a comparison of three measures. Schizophr Res 20:205–209
45. Fitzgerald PB, Rolfe TJ, Brewer K et al (2002) Depressive, positive, negative and parkinsonian symptoms in schizophrenia. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 36:340–346
46. Jäger M, Riedel M, Schmauss M et al (2008) Depression during an acute episode of schizophrenia or schizophreniform disorder and its impact on treatment response. Psychiatry Res 158:297–305
47. Lancon C, Auquier P, Reine G, Bernard D, Addington D (2001) Relationships between depression and psychotic symptoms of schizophrenia during an acute episode and stable period. Schizophr Res 47:135–140
48. Lindenmayer JP, Grochowski S, Kay SR (1991) Schizophrenic patients with depression: psychopathological profiles and relationship with negative symptoms. Compr Psychiatry 32:528–533
49. Zisook S, McAdams LA, Kuck J et al (1999) Depressive symptoms in schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry 156:1736–1743
50. Rabany L, Weiser M, Levkovitz Y (2013) Guilt and depression: two different factors in individuals with negative symptoms of schizophrenia. Eur Psychiatry 28:327–331
51. Maggini C, Raballo A (2006) Exploring depression in schizophrenia. Eur Psychiatry 21:227–232
52. Müller MJ (2007) Gender-specific associations of depression with positive and negative symptoms in acute schizophrenia. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 31:1095–1100
53. Häfner H, Maurer K, Trendler G, an der Heiden W, Schmidt M, Könnecke R (2005) Schizophrenia and depression: challenging the paradigm of two separate diseases—a controlled study of schizophrenia, depression and healthy controls. Schizophr Res 77:11–24
54. Peralta V, Cuesta MJ (1999) Dimensional structure of psychotic symptoms: an item-level analysis of SAPS and SANS symptoms in psychotic disorders. Schizophr Res 38:13–26
55. Horan WP, Kring AM, Gur RE, Reise SP, Blanchard JJ (2011) Development and psychometric validation of the clinical assessment interview for negative symptoms (CAINS). Schizophr Res 132:140–145
56. Kring AM, Gur RE, Blanchard JJ, Horan WP, Reise SP (2013) The clinical assessment interview for negative symptoms (CAINS): final development and validation. Am J Psychiatry 170:165–172
57. Addington D, Addington J, Maticka-Tyndale E (1994) Specificity of the Calgary depression scale for schizophrenics. Schizophr Res 11:239–244
58. Kim S-W, Kim S-J, Yoon B-H et al (2006) Diagnostic validity of assessment scales for depression in patients with schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 144:57–63
59. Liu H, Zhang H, Xiao W et al (2009) Scales for evaluating depressive symptoms in Chinese patients with schizophrenia. J Nerv Ment Dis 197:140–142
60. Häfner H, Riecher A, Maurer K et al (1990) Ein Instrument zur retrospektiven Einschätzung des Erkrankungsbeginns bei Schizophrenie (Instrument for the retrospective assessment of the onset of schizophrenia - “IRAOS”) - Entwicklung und erste Ergebnisse-. Z Klin Psychol 19:230–255
61. Andreasen NC (1983) The Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS). University of Iowa, Iowa City
62. Häfner H, Löffler W, Maurer K, Riecher-Rössler A, Stein A (1999) IRAOS - Interview für die retrospektive Erfassung des Krankheitsbeginns und -verlaufs bei Schizophrenie und anderen Psychosen. Huber, Bern
63. Häfner H, Löffler W, Maurer K, Riecher-Rössler A, Stein A (2003) IRAOS Interview for the retrospective assessment of the onset and course of schizophrenia and other psychoses. Hogrefe & Huber Publishers, Göttingen
64. Häfner H, an der Heiden W (2003) Course and outcome of schizophrenia. In: Hirsch SR, Weinberger DR (eds) Schizophrenia, 2nd edn. Blackwell Publishing, Oxford, pp 101–141