Comparison of cognitive and neuropsychiatric profiles in hospitalised elderly medical patients with delirium, dementia and comorbid delirium-dementia

BMJ Open

Volumn 6, Issue 3, 2016, Pages

  Leonard, Maeve ^a,b   McInerney, Shane ^c   McFarland, John ^a,b   Condon, Candice ^a   Awan, Fahad ^a,b   O'Connor, Margaret ^a,b   Reynolds, Paul ^a,b   Meaney, Anna Maria ^a,b   Adamis, Dimitrios ^a,d,e   Dunne, Colum ^a   Cullen, Walter ^a   Trzepacz, Paula T ^f,g,h   Meagher, David J ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF LIMERICK   (Ireland)

^b UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL LIMERICK   (Ireland)

^c ST MICHAEL'S HOSPITAL   (Canada)

^d UNIVERSITY OF WEST ATTICA   (Greece)

^e Sligo/Leitrim Mental Health Services   (Ireland)

^f INDIANA UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^g UNIVERSITY OF MISSISSIPPI SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^h TUFTS UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGED; AGED HOSPITAL PATIENT; ARTICLE; CLINICAL FEATURE; COGNITION; COGNITIVE TEST FOR DELIRIUM; COMORBIDITY; CONTROLLED STUDY; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY; DELIRIUM; DIAGNOSTIC TEST ACCURACY STUDY; DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS; DSM-IV; FEMALE; GENERAL MENTAL DISEASE ASSESSMENT; GERONTOPSYCHIATRY; HUMAN; IRELAND; LIAISON PSYCHIATRY; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MENTAL PATIENT; NEUROPSYCHIATRIC INVENTORY; NEUROPSYCHIATRY; NEUROPSYCHOLOGY; PATIENT REFERRAL; PSYCHIATRIC DIAGNOSIS; REVISED DELIRIUM RATING SCALE; SENILE DEMENTIA; TEACHING HOSPITAL; UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL; ATTENTION; COMPARATIVE STUDY; DEMENTIA; DIAGNOSTIC AND STATISTICAL MANUAL OF MENTAL DISORDERS; MIDDLE AGED; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TEST; SEVERITY OF ILLNESS INDEX; TERTIARY CARE CENTER; VERY ELDERLY;

AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; ATTENTION; COGNITION; COMORBIDITY; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; DELIRIUM; DEMENTIA; DIAGNOSTIC AND STATISTICAL MANUAL OF MENTAL DISORDERS; FEMALE; HUMANS; IRELAND; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS; SEVERITY OF ILLNESS INDEX; TERTIARY CARE CENTERS;

EID: 84962530895     PISSN: None     EISSN: 20446055     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-009212     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. Collins N, Blanchard MR, Tookman A, et al. Detection of delirium in the acute hospital. Age Ageing 2010;39:131-5.
2. Ryan D, O'Regan N, O'Caoimh R, et al. Delirium in an adult acute hospital population: predictors, prevalence and detection. BMJ Open 2013;3:pii: e001772.
3. Khurana V. Erratum study of impact of delirium on short-term mortality in elderly inpatients, by Matías González, Ph.D., et al. Psychosomatics 2009;50:640.
4. Bellelli G, Frisoni G, Turco R, et al. Delirium superimposed on dementia predicts 12-month survival in elderly patients discharged from a postacute rehabilitation facility. J Gereontol A BiolSci Med Sci 2007;62:1306-9.
5. Fick DM, Agostini JV, Inouye SK. Delirium superimposed upon dementia: a systematic review. J Am Geriatr Soc 2002;50:1723-32.
6. Liptzin B, Levkoff SE, Gottlieb GL, et al. Delirium: background papers for DSM-IV. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 1993;5:154-60.
7. Trzepacz PT, Mulsant BH, Dew MA, et al. Is delirium different when it occurs in dementia? A study using the Delirium Rating Scale. J Neuropsychiatry ClinNeurosci 1998;10:199-204.
8. Laurila JV, Pitkala KH, Strandberg TE, et al. Delirium among patients with and without dementia: does the diagnosis according to the DSM-IV differ from the previous classifications? Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2004;19:271-7.
9. Voyer P, Cole MG, McCusker J, et al. Prevalence and symptoms of delirium superimposed on dementia. Clin Nurs Res 2006;15:46-66.
10. Margiotta A, Bianchetti A, Ranien P, et al. Clinical characteristics and risk factors of delirium in demented and not demented elderly medical inpatients. J Nutr Health Aging 2006;10:535-9.
11. Edlund A, Lundstrom M, Sandberg O, et al. Symptom profile of delirium in older people with and without dementia. J Geriatr Psych Neurol 2007;20:166-71.
12. Meagher DJ, Leonard M, Donnelly S, et al. A comparison of neuropsychiatric and cognitive profiles in delirium, dementia, comorbid delirium-dementia and cognitively intact controls. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatr 2010;81:876-81.
13. Holtta E, Laakkonen ML, Laurila JV, et al. The overlap of delirium with neuropsychiatric symptoms among patients with dementia. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2011;19:1034-41.
14. Lundström M, Stenvall M, Olofsson B. Symptom profile of postoperative delirium in patients with and without dementia. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 2012;25:162-9.
15. Landreville P, Voyer P, Carmichael PH. Relationship between delirium and behavioral symptoms of dementia. Int Psychogeriatr 2013;25:635-43.
16. Hasegawa N, Hashimoto M, Yuuki S, et al. Prevalence of delirium among outpatients with dementia. Int Psychogeriatr 2013;25:1877-83.
17. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 4th edn. Washington DC: American Psychiatric Press, 1994.
18. Jorm AF. A short form of the Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly (IQCODE): development and cross-validation. Psychol Med 1994;24:145-53.
19. Jorm AF, Christensen H, Korten AE, et al. Informant ratings of cognitive decline in old age: validation against change on cognitive tests over 7 to 8 years. Psychol Med 2000;30:981-5.
20. Jorm AF. The Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly (IQCODE): a review. Int Psychogeriatrics 1999;16:275-93.
21. World Medical Association. Declaration of Helsinki: Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects, 2004. http://www. wma.net/en/30publications/10policies/b3/
22. Trzepacz PT, Mittal D, Torres R, et al. Validation of the Delirium Rating Scale-Revised-98 (DRS-R-98): comparison with the delirium rating scale and the Cognitive Test For Delirium. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 2001;13:229-42.
23. Hart RP, Levenson JL, Sessler CN, et al. Validation of a Cognitive Test For Delirium in medical ICU patients. Psychosomatics 1996;37:533-46.
24. Cummings JL, Mega M, Gray K, et al. The Neuropsychiatric Inventory: comprehensive assessment of psychopathology in dementia. Neurology 1994;44:2308-14.
25. Cummings JL. The neuropsychiatric inventory: assessing psychopathology in dementia patients. Neurology 1997;48(Suppl 6): S10-16.
26. Kaufer DI, Cummings JL, Ketchel P, et al. Validation of the NPI-Q, a brief clinical form of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 2000;12:233-9.
27. Trzepacz PT, Saykin A, Yu P, et al. Subscale validation of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory questionnaire: comparison of Alzheimer's disease neuroimaging initiative and national Alzheimer's coordinating center cohorts. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2013;21:607-22.
28. Trzepacz P, Meagher D. Neuropsychiatric aspects of delirium (chapter 15). In: Yudofsky S, Hales R, eds. American psychiatric association textbook of neuropsychiatry. 5th edn. Washington DC: American Psychiatric Publishing Inc, 2008, chapter 11, pp 445-519.
29. Oken BS, Salinsky MC, Elsas SM. Vigilance, alertness, or sustained attention: physiological basis and measurement. Clin Neurophysiol 2006;117:1885-901.
30. Meagher DJ, Moran M, Raju B, et al. Phenomenology of delirium. Assessment of 100 adult cases using standardised measures. Br J Psychiatry 2007;190:135-41.
31. Brown LJ, Fordyce C, Zaghdani H, et al. Detecting deficits of sustained visual attention in delirium. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatr 2011;82:1344-50.
32. Albert MS, Levkoff SE, Reilly C, et al. The delirium symptom interview: an interview for the detection of delirium symptoms in hospitalized patients. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 1992;5:14-21.
33. Trzepacz PT, Mittal D, Torres R, et al. Delirium vs dementia symptoms: Delirium Rating Scale-Revised (DRS-R-98) and Cognitive Test for Delirium (CTD) item comparisons. Psychosomatics 2002;43:156-7.
34. Jabbar F, Leonard M, Meehan K, et al. Neuropsychiatric and cognitive profile of patients with DSM-IV delirium referred to an old age psychiatry consultation-liaison service. Int Psychogeriatrics 2011;23:1167-74.
35. Mattoo SK, Grover S, Chakravarty G, et al. Symptom profile and etiology of delirium in a referral population in Northern India: factor analysis of the DRS-R98. J Neuropsychiatry and Clin Neurosci 2012;24:95-101.
36. O'Sullivan R, Meagher D, Leonard M, et al. A comparison of the revised Delirium Rating Scale (DRS-R98) and the Memorial Delirium Assessment Scale (MDAS) in a palliative care cohort with DSM-IV delirium. Palliat Support Care 2015;13:937-44.
37. Ismail Z, Malick A, Smith EE, et al. Depression versus dementia: is this construct still relevant? Neurodegener Dis Manag 2014;4:119-26.
38. D'Onofrio G, Sancarlo D, Panza F, et al. Neuropsychiatric symptoms and functional status in Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia patients. Curr Alzheimer Res 2012;9:759-71.
39. Srikanth S, Nagaraja AV, Ratnavalli E. Neuropsychiatric symptoms in dementia-frequency, relationship to dementia severity and comparison in Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia and frontotemporal dementia. J Neurol Sci 2005;236:43-8.
40. Androsova G, Krause R, Winterer G, et al. Biomarkers of postoperative delirium and cognitive dysfunction. Front Aging Neurosci 2015;7:112.
41. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 5th edn. Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Association, 2013.
42. World Health Organization. International statistical classification of diseases and related health problems, 10th Revision. Geneva, World Health Organization, 1992.