A comprehensive emission inventory of multiple air pollutants from iron and steel industry in China: Temporal trends and spatial variation characteristics

Science of the Total Environment

Volumn 559, Issue , 2016, Pages 7-14

  Wang, Kun ^a   Tian, Hezhong ^a   Hua, Shenbing ^a   Zhu, Chuanyong ^a   Gao, Jiajia ^a   Xue, Yifeng ^a,b   Hao, Jiming ^c   Wang, Yong ^a   Zhou, Junrui ^a  

^a BEIJING NORMAL UNIVERSITY   (China)

^b Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental Protection   (China)

^c TSINGHUA UNIVERSITY   (China)

Author keywords

Emission inventory; Hazardous air pollutants; Heavy metals; Iron and steel production; Scenario analysis; Temporal trend and spatial distribution

Indexed keywords

AIR POLLUTION; BLAST FURNACES; FOG; HAZARDOUS MATERIALS; HAZARDS; HEAVY METALS; PARTICLES (PARTICULATE MATTER); PARTICULATE EMISSIONS; SMELTING; SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION; STEELMAKING;

EMISSION INVENTORIES; HAZARDOUS AIR POLLUTANTS; IRON AND STEEL PRODUCTIONS; SCENARIO ANALYSIS; TEMPORAL TRENDS;

IRON AND STEEL INDUSTRY;

ARSENIC; CADMIUM; CARBON DIOXIDE; CHROMIUM; HEAVY METAL; IRON; LEAD; MERCURY; NICKEL; NITRIC OXIDE; STEEL; SULFUR DIOXIDE; AIR POLLUTANT; PARTICULATE MATTER;

AIR QUALITY; ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION; EMISSION INVENTORY; HEAVY METAL; PARTICULATE MATTER; SPATIAL VARIATION; TEMPORAL VARIATION; TREND ANALYSIS;

AIR POLLUTANT; ARTICLE; CHINA; CONTROLLED STUDY; DYNAMIC EMISSION FACTOR; ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS; IRON AND STEEL INDUSTRY; PARTICLE SIZE; PARTICULATE MATTER; PRIORITY JOURNAL; TREND STUDY; AIR POLLUTION; ANALYSIS; ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; METALLURGY; STATISTICS AND NUMERICAL DATA;

AIR POLLUTANTS; AIR POLLUTION; ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; METALLURGY; METALS, HEAVY; PARTICULATE MATTER;

EID: 84962110901     PISSN: 00489697     EISSN: 18791026     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.03.125     Document Type: Article

References (54)

1. Bond T.C., Bhardwaj E., Dong R., Jogani R., Jung S., Roden C., Streets D.G., Trautmann N.M. Historical emissions of black and organic carbon aerosol from energy-related combustion, 1850-2000. Glob. Biogeochem. Cycles 2007, 21(2).
2. Buekens A., Stieglitz L., Hell K., Huang H., Segers P. Dioxins from thermal and metallurgical processes: recent studies for the iron and steel industry. Chemosphere 2001, 42(5):729-735.
3. Chemicals U. Standardized Toolkit for Identification and Quantification of Dioxin and Furan Releases 2005, 194. United Nations Environment Programme Chemicals, Geneva, Switzerland.
4. Cheng K., Wang Y., Tian H.Z., Gao X., Zhang Y.X., Wu X.C., Zhu C.Y., Gao J.J. Atmospheric emission characteristics and control policies of five precedent-controlled toxic heavy metals from anthropogenic sources in China. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2015, 49(2):1206-1214.
5. China Iron and Steel Industry Association (CISA) The list of China's iron and steel enterprises 2011 2012, China Machine Press, Beijing, (in Chinese).
6. China Iron and Steel Industry Association (CISA) China steel yearbook 2012 2013, Metallurgical Industry Press, Beijing, China, (in Chinese).
7. Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE) Research of Energy Strategy in China in Medium and Long Term 2011, Chinese Environmental Science Press, Beijing, (in Chinese).
8. EMEP/EEA EEA air pollutant emission inventory guidebook Available on the Internet at, (last accessed 2013). http://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/emep-eea-guidebook-2013.
9. Energy Research Institute National Development and Reform Commission (ERI) The Report of 2050 China's Energy and Carbon Emissions 2009, Chinese Environmental Science Press, Beijing.
10. Foreign Economic Cooperation office of Ministry of Environmental Protection (MEPFECO) The People's Republic of China Implementation Schedule for Stockholm Convention on Pops (in Chinese) [Available on the Internet at, (last accessed 2011). http://www.mepfeco.org.cn/zyxx/cbw/fqk/200904/P020110718406770444112.pdf.
11. Fu B.Q., Huang J.Y., Zhang L., Wang L.N., Liu P. Research on wastes emission standard and development trend in iron and steel industry in China. WISCO Technol. 2012, 50(6):56-61.
12. 2 emission reduction potentials in the Chinese iron and steel industry. Energy 2013, 50:315-325.
13. Kakareka Institute for Problems of Use of Natural Resources and Ecology 2008, Belarusian National Academy of Sciences, Minsk.
14. 2 emission trends in the iron and steel industry. Energ Policy 2002, 30(10):827-838.
15. Lei Y., Zhang Q., He K.B., Streets D.G. Primary anthropogenic aerosol emission trends for China, 1990-2005. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2011, 11(3):931-954.
16. Li Q., Cheng H., Zhou T., Lin C., Guo S. The estimated atmospheric lead emissions in China, 1990-2009. Atmos. Environ. 2012, 60:1-8.
17. Li Y., Yan X., Ye M., Zhu T.Y., Liu Q. Summary and evaluation for the desulfurization technologies applied in iron-steel sintering flue gas. Environ. Eng. 2014, 11:021. (in Chinese).
18. Meij R., Winkel H. The emissions of heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants from modern coal-fired power stations. Atmos. Environ. 2007, 41(40):9262-9272.
19. Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People's Republic of China (MEP) Description for Emission Standard of Pollutants for Iron Making 2007, (Beijing, China, in Chinese).
20. Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People's Republic of China (MEP) Environmental Annual Bulletin of China in 2013 2014, Beijing, China, in Chinese.
21. Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People's Republic of China (MEP) 12th Five-Year-Plan on Comprehensive Control of Heavy Metals Pollution in China 2014, Beijing, China, in Chinese.
22. Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People's Republic of China (MEP) The List of Running Desulfurization Facilities for Sinter Plant at Iron and Steel Manufactory in China 2014, Beijing, China, in Chinese.
23. Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China (MIIT) Economic Operation of Iron and Steel Industry in 2013 2014, (Beijing, China, in Chinese).
24. Passant N., Peirce M., Rudd H.J., Scott D.W., Marlowe I., Watterson J.D. UK particulate and heavy metal emissions from industrial processes. Report No. AEAT-6270 2002, Netcen, AEA Technology, Harwell, Oxfordshire, (2).
25. Qiu P., Tian H., Zhu C., Liu K., Gao J., Zhou J. An elaborate high resolution emission inventory of primary air pollutants for the central plain urban agglomeration of China. Atmos. Environ. 2013, 86(3):93-101.
26. Remus R., Roudier S., Aguado-Monsonet M.A., Sancho L.D. Best available techniques (BAT) reference document for iron and steel production. Industrial Emissions Directive 2010/75/EU: Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control. Publications Office 2013.
27. Ren Z.P., Zhu T.L., Zhu T.Y., Lv D. NOx and SO2 formation in the sintering process and influence of sintering material composition on NOx emissions. Environ. Sci. 2014, 10:005. (in Chinese).
28. Ricardo-AEA National atmospheric emissions inventory (NAEI) Available on the Internet at, (last accessed 2013). http://naei.defra.gov.uk.
29. Shih M., Lee W.J., Shih T.S., Huang S.L., Chang-Chien G.P., Wang L.C., Tsai P.J. Characterization of dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) in the atmosphere of different workplaces of a sinter plant. Sci. Total Environ. 2006, 366(1):197-205.
30. Sofilić T., Rastovčan-Mioč A., Cerjan-Stefanović Š., Novosel-Radović V., Jenko M. Characterization of steel mill electric-arc furnace dust. J. Hazard. Mater. 2004, 109(1):59-70.
31. Streets D.G., Bond T., Lee T., Jang C. On the future of carbonaceous aerosol emissions. J. Geophys. Res.: Atmos. (1984-2012) 2004, 109(D24).
32. Streets D.G., Hao J.M., Wu Y., Jiang J., Chan M., Tian H., Feng X. Anthropogenic mercury emissions in China. Atmos. Environ. 2005, 39(40):7789-7806.
33. Streets D.G., Zhang Q., Wang L., He K., Hao J., Wu Y., Tang Y., Carmichael G.R. Revisiting China's CO emissions after the transport and chemical evolution over the pacific (TRACE-P) mission: synthesis of inventories, atmospheric modeling, and observations. J. Geophys. Res: Atmos. (1984-2012) 2006, 111(D14).
34. Streets D.G., Devane M.K., Lu Z., Bond T.C., Sunderland E.M., Jacob D.J. All-time releases of mercury to the atmosphere from human activities. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2011, 45(24):10485-10491.
35. The first national pollution census data compilation committee (CPSC) Chinese Manual of Emission Coefficient 2011, Chinese Environmental Science Press, Beijing, (in Chinese).
36. Theloke J., Kummer U., Nitter S., Geftler T., Friedrich R. Überarbeitung der. Schwermetallkapitel im CORINAIR Guidebook zur Verbesserung der Emissionsinventare und der Berichterstattung im Rahmen der Genfer Luftreinhaltekonvention. Report for Umweltbundesamt 2008.
37. Tian H.Z., Wang Y., Xue Z., Cheng K., Qu Y., Chai F., Hao J. Trend and characteristics of atmospheric emissions of Hg, As, and Se from coal combustion in China, 1980-2007. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2010, 10(23):11905-11919.
38. Tian H.Z., Wang Y., Xue Z., Qu Y., Chai F., Hao J. Atmospheric emissions estimation of Hg, As, and Se from coal-fired power plants in China, 2007. Sci. Total Environ. 2011, 409(16):3078-3081.
39. Tian H.Z., Zhao D., He M., Wang Y., Cheng K. Temporal and spatial distribution of atmospheric antimony emission inventories from coal combustion in China. Environ. Pollut. 2011, 159(6):1613-1619.
40. Tian H.Z., Lu L., Cheng K., Hao J., Zhao D., Wang Y., Jia W., Qiu P. Anthropogenic atmospheric nickel emissions and its distribution characteristics in China. Sci. Total Environ. 2012, 417-418:148-157.
41. Tian H.Z., Zhao D., Cheng K., Lu L., He M., Hao J. Anthropogenic atmospheric emissions of antimony and its spatial distribution characteristics in China. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2012, 46(7):3973-3980.
42. Tian H., Gao J., Lu L., Zhao D., Cheng K., Qiu P. Temporal trends and spatial variation characteristics of hazardous air pollutant emission inventory from municipal solid waste incineration in China. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2012, 46(18):10364-10371.
43. Tian H.Z., Cheng K., Wang Y., Zhao D., Lu L., Jia W., Hao J. Temporal and spatial variation characteristics of atmospheric emissions of Cd, Cr, and Pb from coal in China. Atmos. Environ. 2012, 50:157-163.
44. Tian H.Z., Zhou J., Zhu C., Zhao D., Gao J., Hao J., He M., Liu K., Wang K., Hua S. A comprehensive global inventory of atmospheric antimony emissions from anthropogenic activities, 1995-2010. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2014, 48(17):10235-10241.
45. Tian H.Z., Zhu C.Y., Gao J.J., Cheng K., Hao J.M., Wang K., Hua S.B., Wang Y., Zhou J.R. Quantitative assessment of atmospheric emissions of toxic heavy metals from anthropogenic sources in China: historical trend, spatial variation distribution, uncertainties and control policies. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2015, 15(17):12107-12166.
46. US EPA Webfire Available on the Internet at, (last accessed 2014). http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/webfire/index.html.
47. Wang K., Wang C., Lu X., Chen J. Scenario analysis on CO2 emissions reduction potential in China's iron and steel industry. Energ Policy 2007, 35(4):2320-2335.
48. Wei B.R., Yagita H. Forecast of yearly production and energy demand in Chinese steel industry. China Metall. 2005, 12:14-17.
49. World Steel Association (Worldsteel) Crude statistics Available on the Internet at, (last accessed 2014). http://www.worldsteel.org/statistics/statistics-archive/yearbook-archive.html.
50. Zhao Y., Wang S., Duan L., Lei Y., Cao P., Hao J. Primary air pollutant emissions of coal-fired power plants in China: current status and future prediction. Atmos. Environ. 2008, 42(36):8442-8452.
51. Zhao Y., Nielsen C., Lei Y., McElroy M., Hao J. Quantifying the uncertainties of a bottom-up emission inventory of anthropogenic atmospheric pollutants in China. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2011, 11(5):2295-2308.
52. Zhou J.N. The evolution of technology for iron and steel production process. Worldmetals 2008, (in Chinese).
53. Zhu T.Y., Liu Q., Li Y., Yan X., Qi F., Ye M. Emission characteristics of multiple pollutants from iron-steel sintering flue gas and review of control technologies. Sci. Tech. Rev. 2014, 32(33):51-56. (in Chinese).
54. Zhu C.Y., Tian H.Z., Cheng K., Liu K.Y., Wang K., Hua S.B., Gao J.J., Zhou J.R. Potentials of whole process control of heavy metals emissions from coal- fired power plants in China. J. Clean. Prod. 2016, 114:343-351.