Cortisol but not testosterone is repeatable and varies with reproductive effort in wild red deer stags

General and Comparative Endocrinology

Volumn 222, Issue , 2015, Pages 62-68

  Pavitt, Alyson T ^a   Walling, Craig A ^a   Möstl, Erich ^b   Pemberton, Josephine M ^a   Kruuk, Loeske E B ^a,c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF VETERINARY MEDICINE   (Austria)

^c AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

Author keywords

Androgens; Biological assay validation; Dominance; Faecal hormone metabolites; Glucocorticoids; Repeatability; Rut; Seasonal cycles

Indexed keywords

ANDROGEN; HYDROCORTISONE; TESTOSTERONE;

AGE; ARTICLE; ENZYME IMMUNOASSAY; FECES LEVEL; HORMONE ACTION; HORMONE DETERMINATION; IMMUNOASSAY; MALE; MATING; NONHUMAN; PHENOTYPE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RED DEER; REPRODUCTIVE BEHAVIOR; SEASONAL VARIATION; SOCIAL DOMINANCE; VALIDATION STUDY; ANIMAL; BIOASSAY; CHEMISTRY; DEER; METABOLISM; REPRODUCTION;

ANDROGENS; ANIMALS; BIOLOGICAL ASSAY; DEER; HYDROCORTISONE; MALE; REPRODUCTION; TESTOSTERONE;

EID: 84958882757     PISSN: 00166480     EISSN: 10956840     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2015.07.009     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Appleby M. Social dominance and food access in red deer stags. Behaviour 1980, 74:294-309.
2. Appleby M. The consequences and causes of high social rank in red deer stags. Behaviour 1982, 80:259-273.
3. Bartos L., Schams D., Bubenik G., Kotrba R., Tomanek M. Relationship between rank and plasma testosterone and cortisol in red deer males (Cervus elaphus). Physiol. Behav. 2010, 101:628-634.
4. Bonier F., Martin P., Moore I., Wingfield J. Do baseline glucocorticoids predict fitness?. Trends Ecol. Evol. 2009, 24:634-642.
5. Book A., Starzyk K., Quinsey V. The relationship between testosterone and aggression: a meta-analysis. Aggression Violent Behav. 2001, 6:579-599.
6. Boonstra R. Reality as the leading cause of stress: rethinking the impact of chronic stress in nature. Funct. Ecol. 2013, 27:11-23.
7. Bubenik G., Schamsa D. Relationship of age to seasonal levels of LH, FSH, prolactin and testosterone in male, white-tailed deer. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. Part A: Physiol. 1986, 83:179-183.
8. Butler, D., 2009. Asreml: asreml() fits the linear mixed model. R package version 3.0 ed2009.
9. Clutton-Brock T., Albon S., Gibson R. The logical stag: adaptive aspects of fighting in red deer (Cervus elaphus L.). Anim. Behav. 1979, 27:211-225.
10. Clutton-Brock T., Guinness F., Albon S. Red Deer: Behavior and Ecology of Two Sexes 1982, The University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
11. Fletcher T. The induction of male sexual behavior in Red Deer (Cervus elaphus) by the administration of testosterone to hinds and estradiol-17B to stags. Hormones Behav. 1978, 11:74-88.
12. Ganswindt A., Heistermann M., Borragan S., Hodges J. Assessment of testicular endocrine function in captive African elephants by measurement of urinary and fecal androgens. Zoo Biol. 2002, 21:27-36.
13. Gibson R., Guinness F. Differential reproductive success in red deer stags. J. Anim. Ecol. 1980, 49:199-208.
14. Greenberg N., Carr J., Summers C. Causes and consequences of stress. Integr. Comp. Biol. 2002, 42:508-516.
15. Hau M. Regulation of male traits by testosterone: implications for the evolution of vertebrate life histories. BioEssays 2007, 29:133-144.
16. Hoby S., Schwarzenberger F., Doherr M., Robert N., Walzer C. Steroid hormone related male biased parasitism in chamois, Rupicapra rupicapra rupicapra. Vet. Parasitol. 2006, 138:337-348.
17. Huber S., Palme R., Arnold W. Effects of season, sex, and sample collection on concentrations of fecal cortisol metabolites in red deer (Cerbus elaphus). Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. 2003, 130:48-54.
18. Huber S., Palme R., Zenker W., Mostl E. Non-invasive monitoring of the adrenocortical response in red deer. J. Wildlife Manage. 2003, 67:258-266.
19. Ingram J., Crockford J., Matthews L. Ultradian, circadian and seasonal rhythms in cortisol secretion and adrenal responsiveness to ACTH and yarding in unrestrained red deer (Cervus elaphus) stags. J. Endocrinol. 1999, 162:289-300.
20. Ketterson E., Nolan V. Hormones and life histories: an integrative approach. Am. Nat. 1992, 140:s33-s62.
21. Kralj-Fisher S., Scheiber I., Blejec A., Moestl E., Kotrschal K. Individualities in a flock of freeroaming greylag geese: behavioral and physiological consistency over time and across situations. Horm. Behav. 2007, 51:239-248.
22. Lincoln G., Guinness F., Short R. Way in which testosterone controls social and sexual-behavior of red deer stag (Cervus elaphus). Horm. Behav. 1972, 3:375-396.
23. Liptrap R. Stress and reproduction in domestic animals. Annals of the New York Academy of Science. 1993, 697:275-284.
24. Lynch J., Ziegler T., Strier K. Individual and seasonal variation in fecal testosterone and cortisol levels of wild male tufted capuchin monkeys, Cebus apella nigritus. Horm. Behav. 2002, 41:275-287.
25. Malo A., Roldan E., Garde J., Soler A., Vicente J., Gortazar C., et al. What does testosterone do for red deer males?. Proc. Roy. Soc. B: Biol. Sci. 2009, 276:971-980.
26. Muller M., Wrangham R. Dominance, cortisol and stress in wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii). Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 2004, 55:332-340.
27. Nussey D., Kruuk L., Morris A., Clements M., Pemberton J., Clutton-Brock T. Inter- and intrasexual variation in aging patterns across reproductive traits in a wild red deer population. Am. Nat. 2009, 174:342-357.
28. Palme R. Measuring fecal steroids: guidelines for practical application. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 2005, 1046:75-80.
29. Palme R., Mostl E. Biotin-streptavidin enzyme immunoassay for the determination of oestrogens and androgens in boar faeces. Advances in Steroid Analysis '93 1994, 111-117. Akademiai Kiado, Budapest. S. Gorog (Ed.).
30. Pavitt A., Walling C., Pemberton J., Kruuk L. Causes and consequences of variation in early life testosterone in a wild population of red deer. Funct. Ecol. 2014, 28:1224-1234.
31. Pelletier F., Bauman J., Festa-Bianchet M. Fecal testosterone in bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis): behavioural and endocrine correlates. Can. J. Zool. 2003, 81:1678-1684.
32. Pemberton J., Albon S., Guinness F., Clutton-Brock T., Dover G. Behavioral estimates of male mating success tested by DNA fingerprinting in a polygynous mammal. Behav. Ecol. 1992, 3:66-75.
33. Pereira R., Duarte J., Negrao J. Seasonal changes in fecal testosterone concentrations and their relationship to the reproductive behavior, antler cycle and grouping patterns in free-ranging male Pampas deer (Ozotoceros bezoarticus bezoarticus). Theriogenology 2005, 63:2113-2125.
34. Romero L., Butler L. Endocrinology of stress. Int. J. Comp. Psychol. 2007, 20:89-95.
35. Sapolsky R. Do glucocorticoid concentrations rise with age in the rat?. Neurobiol. Aging 1991, 13:171-174.
36. Sapolsky R., Krey L., McEwen B. Glucocorticoid-sensitive hippocampal neurons are involved in terminating the adrenocortical stress response. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 1984, 81:6174-6177.
37. Sapolsky R., Krey L., McEwen B. The neuroendocrinology of stress and aging: the glucocorticoid cascade hypothesis. Endocr. Rev. 1986, 7:284-301.
38. Strier K., Ziegler T., Wittwer D. Seasonal and social correlates of fecal testosterone and cortisol levels in wild male muriquis (Brachyteles arachnoides). Horm. Behav. 1999, 35:125-134.
39. Suttie J., Fennessy P., Corson I., Veenvliet B., Littlejohn R., Lapwood K. Seasonal pattern of luteinizing hormone and testosterone pulsatile secretion in young adult red deer stags (Cervus elaphus) and its association with the antler cycle. J. Reprod. Fertil. 1992, 95:925-933.
40. van Cauter E., Leproult R., Kupfer D. Effects of gender and age on the levels and circadian rhythmicity of plasma cortisol. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 1996, 81:2468-2473.
41. van de Pol M., Verhulst S. Age-dependent traits: a new statistical model to separate within and between-individual effects. Am. Nat. 2006, 167:766-773.
42. While G., Isaksson C., McEvoy J., Sinn D., Komdeur J., Wapstra E., et al. Repeatable intra-individual variation in plasma testosterone concentration and its sex-specific link to aggression in a social lizard. Horm. Behav. 2010, 58:208-213.
43. Williams T. Individual variation in endocrine systems: moving beyond the 'tyranny of the golden mean'. Philos. Trans. Roy. Soc. B: Biol. Sci. 2008, 363:1687-1698.
44. Wingfield J., Hegner R., Dufty A., Ball G. The "challenge hypothesis": theoretical implications for patterns of testosterone secretion, mating systems and breeding strategies. Am. Nat. 1990, 136:829-846.
45. Wingfield J., Lynn S., Soma K. Avoiding the 'costs' of testosterone: Ecological bases of hormone-behavior interactions. Brain Behav. Evol. 2001, 57:239-251.