Measuring older women’s resilience: Evaluating the suitability of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale and the Resilience Scale

Journal of Women and Aging

Volumn 28, Issue 3, 2016, Pages 225-237

  Gulbrandsen, Cari ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY   (Canada)

Author keywords

Gender; resilience; women

Indexed keywords

ADULT; FEMALE; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; AGED; EVALUATION STUDY; MIDDLE AGED; PSYCHOLOGICAL RATING SCALE; PSYCHOLOGICAL RESILIENCE; PSYCHOMETRY; QUESTIONNAIRE; VERY ELDERLY;

AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; FEMALE; HUMANS; MIDDLE AGED; PSYCHIATRIC STATUS RATING SCALES; PSYCHOMETRICS; RESILIENCE, PSYCHOLOGICAL; SURVEYS AND QUESTIONNAIRES;

EID: 84958775122     PISSN: 08952841     EISSN: 15407322     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/08952841.2014.951200     Document Type: Article

References (44)

1. N.Ahern,, E.Kiehl,, M.Lou Sole,, & J.Byers, (2006). A review of instruments measuring resilience. Issues in Comprehensive Pediatric Nursing, 29(2), 103–125. doi:10.1080/01460860600677643
2. A.Ailshire,, H.Beltrán-Sánchez,, & E.Crimmins, (2011). Social characteristics and health status of exceptionally long-lived Americans in the Health and Retirement Study. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 59(12), 2241–2248. doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2011.03723.x
3. G.Bonanno, (2012). Uses and abuses of the resilience construct: Loss, trauma, and health-related adversities. Social Science and Medicine, 74, 753–756. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.11.022
4. C.Clauss-Ehlers, (2008). Sociocultural factors, resilience, and coping: Support for a culturally sensitive measure of resilience. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 29, 197–212. doi:10.1016/j.appdev.2008.02.004
5. S.Cohen,, T.Kamarck,, & R.Mermelstein, (1983). A global measure of perceived stress. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 24(4), 385–396. doi:10.2307/2136404
6. K.Connor,, & J.Davidson, (2003). Development of a new resilience scale: The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). Depression and Anxiety, 18, 76–82. doi:10.1002/da.10113
7. B.Cornwell, (2011). Independence through social networks: Bridging potential among older women and men. The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 66B(6), 782–794. doi:10.1093/geronb/gbr111
8. B.Damásio,, J.Borsa,, & J.da Silva, (2011). 14-item resilience scale (RS-14): Psychometric properties of the Brazilian version. Journal of Nursing Measurement, 19(3), 131–145. doi:10.1891/1061-3749.19.3.131
9. L.Dorfman,, E.Méndez,, & J.Osterhaus, (2009). Stress and resilience in the oral histories of rural older women. Journal of Women and Aging, 21, 303–316. doi:10.1080/08952840903285237
10. B.Fawcett,, & J.Reynolds, (2010). Mental health and older women: The challenges for social perspectives and community capacity building. British Journal of Social Work, 40, 1488–1502. doi:10.1093/bjsw/bcp042
11. B.Felten, (2000). Resilience in a multicultural sample of community-dwelling women older than age 85. Clinical Nursing Research, 9(2), 102–123. doi:10.1177/105477380000900202
12. A.Freixas,, B.Luque,, & A.Reina, (2012). Critical feminist gerontology: In the back room of research. Journal of Women and Aging, 24, 44–58. doi:10.1080/08952841.2012.638891
13. O.Friborg,, O.Hjemdal,, J.Rosenvinge,, & M.Martinussen, (2003). A new rating scale for adult resilience: What are the central protective resources behind healthy adjustment? International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research, 12(2), 65–76. doi:10.1002/mpr.143
14. H.Fuller-Iglesias,, B.Sellars,, & T.Antonucci, (2008). Resilience in old age: Social relations as a protective factor. Research in Human Development, 5(3), 181–193. doi:10.1080/15427600802274043
15. P.Gooding,, A.Hurst,, J.Johnson,, & N.Tarrier, (2012). Psychological resilience in young and older adults. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 27, 262–270. doi:10.1002/gps.2712
16. T.Hamid,, Y.A.Momtaz,, & S.Rashid, (2010). Older women and lower self-rated health. Educational Gerontology, 36, 521–528. doi:10.1080/03601270903534606
17. M.Heilemann,, L.Frutos,, K.Lee,, & F.Kury, (2004). Protective strength factors, resources, and risks in relation to depressive symptoms among childbearing women of Mexican descent. Health Care for Women International, 25(1), 88–106. doi:10.1080/07399330490253265
18. P.Hengudomsub, (2007). Resilience in later life. Thai Pharmalogical Health Science Journal, 2(1), 115–123.
19. H.Herrman,, D.Stewart,, N.Diaz-Granados,, E.Berger,, B.Jackson,, & T.Yuen, (2012). What is resilience? Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 56(5), 258–265.
20. N.Hooyman,, C.Browne,, R.Ray,, & V.Richardson, (2002). Feminist gerontology and the life course: Policy, research and teaching issues. Gerontology and Geriatrics Education, 22(4), 3–26. doi:10.1300/J021v22n04_02
21. S.Hutchinson,, C.Yarnal,, J.Staffordson,, & D.Kerstetter, (2008). Beyond fun and friendship: The Red Hat Society as a coping resource for older women. Ageing and Society, 28(7), 979–999. doi:10.1017/S0144686X08007058
22. E.Iecovich,, & J.Cwikel, (2010). The relationship between well-being and self-rated health among middle-aged and older women in Israel. Clinical Gerontologist, 33, 255–269. doi:10.1080/07317115.2010.502103
23. S.Kobasa, (1979). Stressful life events, personality and health: An inquiry into hardiness. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 37(1), 1–11. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.37.1.1
24. A.Lamond,, C.Depp,, M.Allison,, R.Langer,, J.Reichstadt,, D.Moore,, … D.Jeste, (2008). Measurement and predictors of resilience among community-dwelling older women. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 43, 148–154. doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2008.03.007
25. R.Lau,, C.Morse,, & S.MacFarlane, (2010). Psychological factors among elderly women with suicidal intentions or attempts to suicide: A controlled comparison. Journal of Women and Aging, 22, 3–14. doi:10.1080/08952840903488831
26. O.R.Lightsey, (2006). Resilience, meaning, and well-being. The Counseling Psychologist, 34(1), 96–107. doi:10.1177/0011000005282369
27. B.Lundman,, G.Strandberg,, M.Eisemann,, Y.Gustafson,, & C.Brulin, (2007). Psychometric properties of the Swedish version of the Resilience Scale. Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, 21, 229–237. doi:10.1111/j.1471-6712.2007.00461.x
28. V.Malatesta, (2007). Introduction: The need to address older women’s mental health issues. Journal of Women and Aging, 19(1–2), 1–12. doi:10.1300/J074v19n01_01
29. A.Martin-Matthews, (2011). Revisiting widowhood in later life: Changes in patterns and profiles, advances in research and understanding. Canadian Journal on Aging, 30(3), 339–354. doi:10.1017/S0714980811000201
30. D.Nishi,, R.Uehara,, M.Kondo,, & Y.Matsuoka, (2010). Reliability and validity of the Japanese version of the Resilience Scale and its short version. BMC Research Notes, 3(1), 310. doi:10.1186/1756-0500-3-310
31. B.Nygren,, L.Aléx,, E.Jonsén,, Y.Gustafson,, A.Norberg,, & B.Lundman, (2005). Resilience, sense of coherence, purpose in life and self-transcendence in relation to perceived physical and mental health among the oldest old. Aging & Mental Health, 9(4), 354–362. doi:10.1080/1360500114415
32. B.Nygren,, K.B.Randström,, A.K.Lejonklou,, & B.Lundman, (2004). Reliability and validity of a Swedish language version of the Resilience Scale. Journal of Nursing Measurement, 12(3), 169–178. doi:10.1891/jnum.12.3.169
33. M.Portzky,, G.Wagnild,, D.De Bacquer,, & K.Audenaert, (2010). Psychometric evaluation of the Dutch Resilience Scale RS‐nl on 3265 healthy participants: A confirmation of the association between age and resilience found with the Swedish version. Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, 24(1), 86–92. doi:10.1111/j.1471-6712.2010.00841.x
34. J.Quail,, C.Wolfson,, & A.Lippman, (2011). Unmet need for assistance to perform activities of daily living and psychological distress in community dwelling elderly women. Canadian Journal on Aging, 30(4), 591–602. doi:10.1017/S0714980811000493
35. B.Resnick,, & P.Inguito, (2011). The Resilience Scale: Psychometric properties and clinical applicability in older adults. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 25(1), 11–20. doi:10.1016/j.apnu.2010.05.001
36. V.Sinclair,, & K.Wallston, (2004). The development and psychometric evaluation of the brief resilient coping scale. Assessment, 11(1), 94–101. doi:10.1177/1073191103258144
37. P.Smith, (2009). Resilience: Resistance factor for depressive symptoms. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 16, 829–837. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2850.2009.01463.x
38. S.Vaishnavi,, K.Connor,, & J.Davidson, (2007). An abbreviated version of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), the CD-RISC2: Psychometric properties and applications in psychopharmacological trials. Psychiatry Research, 152, 293–297. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2007.01.006
39. G.Wagnild, (2009). A review of the Resilience Scale. Journal of Nursing Measurement, 17(2), 105–113. doi:10.1891/1061-3749.17.2.105
40. G.Wagnild,, & H.Young, (1990). Resilience among older women. Image: Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 22, 252–255.
41. G.Wagnild,, & H.Young, (1993). Development and psychometric evaluation of the Resilience Scale. Journal of Nursing Measurement, 1(2), 165–178.
42. D.Wanless,, B.Mitchell,, & A.Wister, (2010). Social determinants of health for older women in Canada: Does rural-urban residency matter? Canadian Journal on Aging, 29(2), 233–247. doi:10.1017/S0714980810000140
43. M.Wells, (2009). Resilience in rural community-dwelling older adults. The Journal of Rural Health, 25(4), 415–419. doi:10.1111/j.1748-0361.2009.00253.x
44. X.Yu,, & J.Zhang, (2007). Factor analysis and psychometric evaluation of the Connor Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) with Chinese people. Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal, 35(1), 19–30. doi:10.2224/sbp.2007.35.1.19