Sex-specific survival to maturity and the evolution of environmental sex determination

Evolution

Volumn 70, Issue 2, 2016, Pages 329-341

  Schwanz, Lisa E ^a,b   Cordero, Gerardo A ^c   Charnov, Eric L ^d   Janzen, Fredric J ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES   (Australia)

^b AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

^c IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^d OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Condition dependent sex allocation; GSD; Reptile; Sex determination; Theoretical model; TSD

Indexed keywords

AGE AT MATURITY; EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY; FITNESS; LIFE HISTORY THEORY; NUMERICAL MODEL; SEX ALLOCATION; SEX DETERMINATION; SURVIVAL; THEORETICAL STUDY; TURTLE;

ANIMALIA; REPTILIA; TESTUDINES;

ANIMAL; BIOLOGICAL MODEL; ENVIRONMENT; FEMALE; GENETICS; GENOTYPE ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION; MALE; MOLECULAR EVOLUTION; SEX DETERMINATION PROCESS; SEX DIFFERENCE; SEXUAL MATURATION; VERTEBRATE;

ANIMALS; ENVIRONMENT; EVOLUTION, MOLECULAR; FEMALE; GENE-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION; MALE; MODELS, GENETIC; SEX DETERMINATION PROCESSES; SEX FACTORS; SEXUAL MATURATION; VERTEBRATES;

EID: 84958280097     PISSN: 00143820     EISSN: 15585646     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/evo.12856     Document Type: Article

References (49)

1. Andrews, R. M., T. Mathies, and D. A. Warner. 2000. Effect of incubation temperature on morphology, growth, and survival of juvenile sceloporus undulates. Herpetol. Monogr. 14:420-431.
2. Bachtrog, D., J. E. Mank, C. L. Peichel, M. Kirkpatrick, S. P. Otto, T.-L. Ashman, M. W. Hahn, J. Kitano, I. Mayrose, R. Ming et al. 2014. Sex determination: why so many ways of doing it? PLOS Biol. 12:e1001899.
3. Booth, D. T., E. Burgess, J. McCosker, and J. M. Lanyon. 2004. The influence of incubation temperature on post-hatching fitness characteristics of turtles. Int. Congr. Ser. 1275:226-233.
4. Bull, J. J. 1983. Evolution of sex determining mechanisms. Benjamin/Cummings, Menlo Park, CA.
5. Charnov, E. L. 1997. Trade-off-invariant rules for evolutionarily stable life histories. Nature 387:393-394.
6. Charnov, E. L., and J. Bull. 1977. When is sex environmentally determined? Nature 266:828-830.
7. Conover, D. O. 1984. Adaptive significance of temperature-dependent sex determination in a fish. Am. Nat. 123:297-313.
8. Daan, S., C. Dijkstra, and F. J. Weissing. 1996. An evolutionary explanation for seasonal trends in avian sex ratios. Behav. Ecol. 7:426-430.
9. Deeming, D. C. 2004. Post-hatching phenotype effects of incubation in reptiles. Pp. 229-251 in D. C. Deeming, ed. Reptilian incubation: environment, evolution and behavior. Nottingham Univ. Press, Nottingham.
10. Ezaz, T., S. D. Sarre, D. O'Meally, J. A. Marshall Graves, and A. Georges. 2009. Sex chromosome evolution in lizards: independent origins and rapid transitions. Cytogen. Genome Res. 127:249-260.
11. Freedberg, S., A. L. Stumpf, M. A. Ewert, and C. E. Nelson. 2004. Developmental environment has long-lasting effects on behavioral performance in two turtles with environmental sex determination. Evol. Ecol. Res. 6:739-747.
12. Gamble, T., J. Coryell, T. Ezaz, J. Lynch, D. P. Scantlebury, and D. Zarkower. 2015. Restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RAD-Seq) reveals an extraordinary number of transitions among gecko sex-determining systems. Mol. Biol. Evol. 32:1296-1309.
13. García-Ramos, G., and M. Kirkpatrick. 1997. Genetic models of adaptation and gene flow in peripheral populations. Evolution 51:21-28.
14. Grossen, C., S. Neuenschwander, and N. Perrin. 2010. Temperature-dependent turnovers I sex-determination mechanisms: a quantitative model. Evolution 65:64-78.
15. Guillon, J.-M., L. Guéry, V. Hulin, and M. Girondot. 2012. A large phylogeny of turtles (Testudines) using molecular data. Contrib. Zool. 81:147-158.
16. Halámková, L., J. A. Schulte II, and T. A. Langen. 2013. Patterns of sexual size dimorphism in Chelonia. Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 108:396-413.
17. Hare, K. M., C. G. Longson, S. Pledger, and C. H. Daugherty. 2004. Size, growth, and survival are reduced at cool incubation temperatures in the temperate lizard Oligosoma suteri (Lacertilia: Scincidae). Copeia 2004:383-390.
18. Holleley, C. E., D. O'Meally, S. D. Sarre, J. A. Marshall Graves, T. Ezaz, K. Matsubara, B. Azad, X. Zhang, and A. Georges. 2015. Sex reversal triggers the rapid transition from genetic to temperature-dependent sex. Nature 523:79-82.
19. Janzen, F. J. 1995. Experimental evidence for the evolutionary significance of temperature-dependent sex determination. Evolution 49:864-873.
20. Janzen, F. J., and J. G. Krenz. 2004. Phylogenetics: which was first, TSD or GSD? Pp. 121-130 in N. Valenzuela and V. Lance, eds. Temperature-dependent sex determination in vertebrates. Smithsonian Institute Press, Washington, DC.
21. Janzen, F. J., and G. L. Paukstis. 1988. Environmental sex determination in reptiles. Nature 332:790.
22. Janzen, F. J., and G. L. Paukstis 1991a. Environmental sex determination in reptiles: ecology, evolution, and experimental design. Q. Rev. Biol. 66:149-179.
23. Janzen, F. J., and G. L. Paukstis. 1991b. A preliminary test of the adaptive significance of environmental sex determination in reptiles. Evolution 45:435-440.
24. Janzen, F. J., and P. C. Phillips. 2006. Exploring the evolution of environmental sex determination, especially in reptiles. J. Evol. Biol. 19:1775-1784.
25. Joanen, T., and L. L. McNease. 1989. Ecology and physiology of nesting and early development of the American alligator. Am. Zool. 29:987-998.
26. Kuijper, B., and I. Pen. 2014. Conflict over condition-dependent sex allocation can lead to mixed sex-determination systems. Evolution 68:3229-3247.
27. Leimar, O. 1996. Life-history analysis of the Trivers and Willard sex-ratio problem. Behav. Ecol. 7:316-325.
28. Lovich, J. E., J. W. Gibbons, and M. Agha. 2014. Does the timing of attainment of maturity influence sexual size dimorphism and adult sex ratio in turtles? Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 112:142-149.
29. Maddison, W. P., and R. G. Fitzjohn. 2015. The unsolved challenge to phylogenetic correlation tests for categorical characters. Syst. Biol. 64:127-136.
30. Pen, I., F. J. Weissing, and S. Daan. 1999. Seasonal sex ratio trend in the European Kestrel: an evolutionarily stable strategy analysis. Am. Nat. 153:384-397.
31. Pen, I., T. Uller, B. Feldmeyer, A. Harts, G. M. While, and E. Wapstra. 2010. Climate-driven population divergence in sex-determining systems. Nature 468:436-438.
32. Pokorná, M., and L. Kratochvíl. 2009. Phylogeny of sex-determining mechanisms in squamate reptiles: are sex chromosomes an evolutionary trap? Zool. J. Linn. Soc. 156:168-183.
33. Radder, R. S., D. A. Pike, A. E. Quinn, and R. Shine. 2009. Offspring sex in a lizard depends on egg size. Curr. Biol. 19:1105-1105.
34. Rhen, T., and J. W. Lang. 1995. Phenotypic plasticity from growth in the common snapping turtle: effects of incubation temperature, clutch and their interaction. Am. Nat. 146:726-747.
35. R Development Core Team. 2014. R: a language and environment for statistical computing. Version 3.1. R Foundation for Statistical Computing Vienna. Available at http://cran.R-project.org.
36. Sæther, B.-E., et al. 2013. How life history influences population dynamics in fluctuating environments. Am. Nat. 182:743-759.
37. Schwanz, L. E., and S. R. Proulx. 2008. Mutual information reveals variation in temperature-dependent sex determination in response to environmental fluctuation, lifespan and selection. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 275:2441-2448.
38. Schwanz, L. E., J. G. Bragg, and E. L. Charnov. 2006. Maternal condition and facultative sex ratios in populations with overlapping generations. Am. Nat. 168:521-530.
39. Schwanz, L. E., T. Ezaz, B. Gruber, and A. Georges. 2013. Novel evolutionary transitions between sex-determining mechanisms. J Evol. Biol. 26:2544-2557.
40. Shaw, R. F., and J. D. Mohler. 1953. The selective significance of the sex ratio. Am. Nat. 87:337-342.
41. Shine, R. 1990. Proximate determinant of sexual differences in adult body size. Am. Nat. 135:278-283.
42. Shine, R. 1999. Why is sex determined by nest temperature in many reptiles? Trends Ecol. Evol. 14:186-189.
43. Spencer, R.-J., and F. J. Janzen 2014. A novel hypothesis for the adaptive maintenance of environmental sex determination in a turtle. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 281:20140831.
44. Trivers, R. L., and D. E. Willard. 1973. Natural selection of parental ability to vary the sex ratio of offspring. Science 179:90-92.
45. Valenzuela, N. 2004. Evolution and maintenance of temperature-dependent sex determination. Pp. 131-147 in N. Valenzuela and V. Lance, eds. Temperature dependent sex determination in vertebrates. Smithsonian Books, Washington, DC.
46. Warner, D. A., and R. Shine. 2005. The adaptive significance of temperature-dependent sex determination: experimental tests with a short-lived lizard. Evolution 59:2209-2221.
47. Warner, D. A., and R. Shine 2008. The adaptive significance of temperature-dependent sex determination in a reptile. Nature 451:566-568.
48. Warner, D. A., T. Uller, and R. Shine. 2009. Fitness effects of the timing of hatching may drive the evolution of temperature-dependent sex determination in short-lived lizards. Evol. Ecol. 23:281-294.
49. Werren, J., and E. L. Charnov. 1978. Facultative sex ratios and population dynamics. Nature 272:349-350.