Temporary suspension of visiting during norovirus outbreaks in NHS Boards and the independent care home sector in Scotland: A cross-sectional survey of practice

Journal of Hospital Infection

Volumn 92, Issue 3, 2016, Pages 253-258

  Currie, K ^a   Curran, E ^b   Strachan, E ^a   Bunyan, D ^b   Price, L ^a  

^a GLASGOW CALEDONIAN UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

^b HEALTH PROTECTION SCOTLAND   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Norovirus outbreaks; Outbreak management; Suspended visiting

Indexed keywords

CONTROLLED STUDY; DECISION MAKING; HUMAN; INFECTION PREVENTION; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MANAGER; NATIONAL HEALTH SERVICE; NOROVIRUS; SUSPENSION; UNITED KINGDOM; CALICIVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY; DISEASE TRANSMISSION; EPIDEMIC; INFECTION CONTROL; ISOLATION AND PURIFICATION; ORGANIZATIONAL POLICY; PATIENT VISITOR; PREVENTION AND CONTROL; PROCEDURES; SCOTLAND; TRANSMISSION;

CALICIVIRIDAE INFECTIONS; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; DISEASE OUTBREAKS; DISEASE TRANSMISSION, INFECTIOUS; HUMANS; INFECTION CONTROL; NOROVIRUS; ORGANIZATIONAL POLICY; SCOTLAND; VISITORS TO PATIENTS;

EID: 84958268053     PISSN: 01956701     EISSN: 15322939     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2015.10.018     Document Type: Article

References (14)

1. Chadwick P.R., Beards G., Brown D., et al. Management of hospital outbreaks of gastroenteritis due to small round structured viruses. J Hosp Infect 2000, 45:1-10.
2. Said M.A., Perl T.M., Sears C.L. Healthcare epidemiology: gastrointestinal flu: norovirus in health care and long-term care facilities. Clin Infect Dis 2008, 47:1202-1208.
3. Loveridge P., Cooper D., Elliot A.J., et al. Vomiting calls to NHS Direct provide an early warning of norovirus outbreaks in hospitals. J Hosp Infect 2010, 74:385-393.
4. Danial J., Cepeda J.A., Cameron F., Cloy K., Wishart D., Templeton K.E. Epidemiology and costs associated with norovirus outbreaks in NHS Lothian, Scotland 2007-2009. J Hosp Infect 2011, 79:354-358.
5. Harris J.P., Edmunds W.J., Pebody R., Brown D.W., Lopman B.A. Deaths from norovirus among the elderly, England and Wales. Emerg Infect Dis 2008, 14:1546-1552.
6. Health Protection Agency, British Infection Association, Healthcare Infection Society, Infection Prevention Society, National Concern for Healthcare Infections, NHS Confederation Guidelines for the management of norovirus outbreaks in acute and community health and social care settings 2012, HPA, London.
7. Elo S., Kyngas H. The qualitative content analysis process. J Adv Nurs 2008, 62:107-115.
8. Health Protection Scotland General information and infection prevention and control precautions to prepare for and manage norovirus in care homes 2014, HPS, Glasgow, Available at:, [last accessed September 2015]. http://www.hps.scot.nhs.uk/giz/guidelinedetail.aspx?id=60453&subjectid=125.
9. Petrignani M., van B.J., Borsboom G., Richardus J.H., Koopmans M. Norovirus introduction routes into nursing homes and risk factors for spread: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. J Hosp Infect 2015, 89:163-178.
10. Xerry J., Gallimore C.I., Cubitt D., Gray J.J. Tracking environmental norovirus contamination in a pediatric primary immunodeficiency unit. J Clin Microbiol 2010, 48:2552-2556.
11. Centres for Disease Control and Prevention Guideline for the prevention and control of norovirus gastroenteritis outbreaks in healthcare settings 2011, CDC, Atlanta, Available at:, [last accessed February 2015]. http://www.cdc.gov/hicpac/pdf/norovirus/Norovirus-Guideline-2011.pdf.
12. New Zealand Ministry of Health Guidelines for the management of norovirus outbreaks in hospitals and elderly care institutions 2009, New Zealand Ministry of Health, Wellington, Available at:, [last accessed September 2015]. http://www.health.govt.nz/publication/guidelines-management-norovirus-outbreaks-hospitals-and-elderly-care-institutions-0.
13. Georgiadou S., Loukeris D., Smilakou S., Daikos G., Sipsas N. Effective control of an acute gastroenteritis outbreak due to norovirus infection in a hospital ward in Athens, Greece, April 2011. Euro Surveill 2011, 16(28). pii: 19915.
14. Greig J.D., Lee M.B. A review of nosocomial norovirus outbreaks: infection control interventions found effective. Epidemiol Infect 2012, 140:1151-1160.