Marijuana use in the immediate 5-year premorbid period is associated with increased risk of onset of schizophrenia and related psychotic disorders

Schizophrenia Research

Volumn 171, Issue 1-3, 2016, Pages 62-67

  Kelley, Mary E ^a   Wan, Claire Ramsay ^b   Broussard, Beth ^c   Crisafio, Anthony ^d   Cristofaro, Sarah ^e   Johnson, Stephanie ^e   Reed, Thomas A ^d   Amar, Patrick ^e   Kaslow, Nadine J ^e   Walker, Elaine F ^f   Compton, Michael T ^c,g  

^a EMORY UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b TUFTS UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^c LENOX HILL HOSPITAL   (United States)

^d GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AND HEALTH SCIENCES   (United States)

^e EMORY UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^f EMORY UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^g DONALD AND BARBARA ZUCKER SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT HOFSTRA NORTHWELL   (United States)

Author keywords

Age at onset; Cannabis; First episode psychosis; Marijuana; Schizophrenia

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGE; ARTICLE; CANNABIS USE; CAUSAL ATTRIBUTION; CONTROLLED STUDY; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; FEMALE; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RISK FACTOR; SCHIZOPHRENIA; YOUNG ADULT; ADOLESCENT; CLINICAL TRIAL; DISEASE COURSE; LONGITUDINAL STUDY; MARIJUANA ABUSE; MULTICENTER STUDY; ONSET AGE; PRODROMAL SYMPTOM; PROPORTIONAL HAZARDS MODEL; PSYCHOLOGICAL RATING SCALE; PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; SURVIVAL ANALYSIS;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGE OF ONSET; DISEASE PROGRESSION; FEMALE; HUMANS; LONGITUDINAL STUDIES; MALE; MARIJUANA ABUSE; PRODROMAL SYMPTOMS; PROPORTIONAL HAZARDS MODELS; PSYCHIATRIC STATUS RATING SCALES; PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; SCHIZOPHRENIA; SURVIVAL ANALYSIS; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84958110946     PISSN: 09209964     EISSN: 15732509     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2016.01.015     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. Allebeck P., Adamsson C., Engstrom A., Rydberg U. Cannabis and schizophrenia: a longitudinal study of cases treated in Stockholm County. Acta Psychiatr. Scand. 1993, 88(1):21-24.
2. Arseneault L., Cannon M., Poulton R., Murray R., Caspi A., Moffitt T.E. Cannabis use in adolescence and risk for adult psychosis: longitudinal prospective study. BMJ 2002, 325(7374):1212-1213.
3. Barnes T.R., Mutsatsa S.H., Hutton S.B., Watt H.C., Joyce E.M. Comorbid substance use and age at onset of schizophrenia. Br. J. Psychiatry 2006, 188237-188242.
4. Bossong M.G., Niesink R.J. Adolescent brain maturation, the endogenous cannabinoid system and the neurobiology of cannabis-induced schizophrenia. Prog. Neurobiol. 2010, 92(3):370-385.
5. Boydell J., van Os J., Caspi A., Kennedy N., Giouroukou E., Fearon P., Farrell M., Murray R.M. Trends in cannabis use prior to first presentation with schizophrenia, in South-East London between 1965 and 1999. Psychol. Med. 2006, 36(10):1441-1446.
6. Broussard B., Kelley M.E., Wan C.R., Cristofaro S.L., Crisafio A., Haggard P.J., Myers N.L., Reed T., Compton M.T. Demographic, socio-environmental, and substance-related predictors of duration of untreated psychosis (DUP). Schizophr. Res. 2013, 148(1-3):93-98.
7. Buhler B., Hambrecht M., Loffler W., an der Heiden W., Hafner H. Precipitation and determination of the onset and course of schizophrenia by substance abuse-retrospective and prospective study of 232 population-based first illness episodes. Schizophr. Res. 2002, 54(3):243-251.
8. Casadio P., Fernandes C., Murray R.M., Di Forti M. Cannabis use in young people: the risk for schizophrenia. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 2011, 35(8):1779-1787.
9. Choukas-Bradley S., Giletta M., Neblett E.W., Prinstein M.J. Ethnic differences in associations among popularity, likability, and trajectories of adolescents' alcohol use and frequency. Child Dev. 2015, 86(2):519-535.
10. Cockrell J.R., Folstein M.F. Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Psychopharmacol. Bull. 1988, 24(4):689-692.
11. Compton M.T., Chien V.H., Leiner A.S., Goulding S.M., Weiss P.S. Mode of onset of psychosis and family involvement in help-seeking as determinants of duration of untreated psychosis. Soc. Psychiatry Psychiatr. Epidemiol. 2008, 43(12):975-982.
12. Compton M.T., Goulding S.M., Gordon T.L., Weiss P.S., Kaslow N.J. Family-level predictors and correlates of the duration of untreated psychosis in African American first-episode patients. Schizophr. Res. 2009, 115(2-3):338-345.
13. Compton M.T., Kelley M.E., Ramsay C.E., Pringle M., Goulding S.M., Esterberg M.L., Stewart T., Walker E.F. Association of pre-onset cannabis, alcohol, and tobacco use with age at onset of prodrome and age at onset of psychosis in first-episode patients. Am. J. Psychiatry 2009, 166(11):1251-1257.
14. Compton M.T., Ramsay C.E., Shim R.S., Goulding S.M., Gordon T.L., Weiss P.S., Druss B.G. Health services determinants of the duration of untreated psychosis among African-American first-episode patients. Psychiatr. Serv. 2009, 60(11):1489-1494.
15. Compton M.T., Gordon T.L., Goulding S.M., Esterberg M.L., Carter T., Leiner A.S., Weiss P.S., Druss B.G., Walker E.F., Kaslow N.J. Patient-level predictors and clinical correlates of duration of untreated psychosis among hospitalized first-episode patients. J. Clin. Psychiatry 2011, 72(2):225-232.
16. Compton M.T., Potts A.A., Wan C.R., Ionescu D.F. Which came first, delusions or hallucinations? An exploration of clinical differences among patients with first-episode psychosis based on patterns of emergence of positive symptoms. Psychiatry Res. 2012, 200(2-3):702-707.
17. DI Forti M., Sallis H., Allegri F., et al. Daily use, especially of high-potency cannabis drives the earlier onset of psychosis in cannabis users. Schizophr. Bull. 2014, 40(6):1509-1517.
18. Fergusson D.M., Horwood L.J., Ridder E.M. Tests of causal linkages between cannabis use and psychotic symptoms. Addiction 2005, 100(3):354-366.
19. First M.B., Spitzer R.L., Gibbon M. Structured Clinical Interview for the DSM-IV Axis I Disorders 1998, Biometrics Research Department, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY.
20. Folstein M.F., Folstein S.E., McHugh P.R. "Mini-mental state". A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J. Psychiatr. Res. 1975, 12(3):189-198.
21. Gonzalez-Pinto A., Vega P., Ibanez B., Mosquera F., Barbeito S., Gutierrez M., Ruiz de Azua S., Ruiz I., Vieta E. Impact of cannabis and other drugs on age at onset of psychosis. J. Clin. Psychiatry 2008, 69(8):1210-1216.
22. Green A.I., Tohen M.F., Hamer R.M., Strakowski S.M., Lieberman J.A., Glick I., Clark W.S., Group, H.R. First episode schizophrenia-related psychosis and substance use disorders: acute response to olanzapine and haloperidol. Schizophr. Res. 2004, 66(2-3):125-135.
23. Hambrecht M., Hafner H. Substance abuse and the onset of schizophrenia. Biol. Psychiatry 1996, 40(11):1155-1163.
24. Keiding N., Klein J.P., Horowitz M.M. Multi-state models and outcome prediction in bone marrow transplantation. Stat. Med. 2001, 20(12):1871-1885.
25. Large M., Sharma S., Compton M.T., Slade T., Nielssen O. Cannabis use and earlier onset of psychosis: a systematic meta-analysis. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 2011, 68(6):555-561.
26. Leeson V.C., Harrison I., Ron M.A., Barnes T.R., Joyce E.M. The effect of cannabis use and cognitive reserve on age at onset and psychosis outcomes in first-episode schizophrenia. Schizophr. Bull. 2012, 38(4):873-880.
27. Mauri M.C., Volonteri L.S., De Gaspari I.F., Colasanti A., Brambilla M.A., Cerruti L. Substance abuse in first-episode schizophrenic patients: a retrospective study. Clin. Pract. Epidemiol. Ment. Health 2006, 24.
28. Maxwell E. Manual for the Figs 1992, National Institute of Mental Health, Clinical Neurogenetics Branch, Intramural Research Program, Bethesda, MD.
29. Moore T.H., Zammit S., Lingford-Hughes A., Barnes T.R., Jones P.B., Burke M., Lewis G. Cannabis use and risk of psychotic or affective mental health outcomes: a systematic review. Lancet 2007, 370(9584):319-328.
30. Perkins D.O., Leserman J., Jarskog L.F., Graham K., Kazmer J., Lieberman J.A. Characterizing and dating the onset of symptoms in psychotic illness: the Symptom Onset in Schizophrenia (SOS) inventory. Schizophr. Res. 2000, 44(1):1-10.
31. Rabe-Hesketh S., Skrondal A., Pickles A. Generalized multilevel structural equation modeling. Psychometrika 2004, 69(2):167-190.
32. Rabinowitz J., Bromet E.J., Lavelle J., Carlson G., Kovasznay B., Schwartz J.E. Prevalence and severity of substance use disorders and onset of psychosis in first-admission psychotic patients. Psychol. Med. 1998, 28(6):1411-1419.
33. Ramsay C.E., Abedi G.R., Marson J.D., Compton M.T. Overview and initial validation of two detailed, multidimensional, retrospective measures of substance use: the Lifetime Substance Use Recall (LSUR) and Longitudinal Substance Use Recall for 12 weeks (LSUR-12) instruments. J. Psychiatr. Res. 2011, 45(1):83-91.
34. Semple D.M., McIntosh A.M., Lawrie S.M. Cannabis as a risk factor for psychosis: systematic review. J. Psychopharmacol. 2005, 19(2):187-194.
35. Sevy S., Robinson D.G., Napolitano B., Patel R.C., Gunduz-Bruce H., Miller R., McCormack J., Lorell B.S., Kane J. Are cannabis use disorders associated with an earlier age at onset of psychosis? A study in first episode schizophrenia. Schizophr. Res. 2010, 120(1-3):101-107.
36. Shedler J., Block J. Adolescent drug use and psychological health. A longitudinal inquiry. Am. Psychol. 1990, 45(5):612-630.
37. Stefanis N.C., Dragovic M., Power B.D., Jablensky A., Castle D., Morgan V.A. Age at initiation of cannabis use predicts age at onset of psychosis: the 7- to 8-year trend. Schizophr. Bull. 2013, 39(2):251-254.
38. Van Mastrigt S., Addington J., Addington D. Substance misuse at presentation to an early psychosis program. Soc. Psychiatry Psychiatr. Epidemiol. 2004, 3969-3972.
39. van Os J., Bak M., Hanssen M., Bijl R.V., de Graaf R., Verdoux H. Cannabis use and psychosis: a longitudinal population-based study. Am. J. Epidemiol. 2002, 156(4):319-327.
40. Veen N.D., Selten J.P., van der Tweel I., Feller W.G., Hoek H.W., Kahn R.S. Cannabis use and age at onset of schizophrenia. Am. J. Psychiatry 2004, 161(3):501-506.
41. Zammit S., Allebeck P., Andreasson S., Lundberg I., Lewis G. Self reported cannabis use as a risk factor for schizophrenia in Swedish conscripts of 1969: historical cohort study. BMJ 2002, 325(7374):1199.