Political modernization in Japan and Turkey

Political Modernization in Japan and Turkey

Volumn , Issue , 2015, Pages 1-502

  Ward, Robert E ^a   Rustow, Dankwart A ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN   (United States)

^b Och Spine at New York Presbyterian Hospitals   (United States)

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[No Author keywords available]

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EID: 84958108121     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Book

References (231)

1. Beardsley, Richard K., John W. Hall and Robert E. Ward, Village Japan, Chicago, 1959. A detailed interdisciplinary study of village life in postwar Japan.
2. Benedict, Ruth F., The Chrysanthemum and. the Sword, Boston, 1946. A provocative but overstated attempt to analyze the structure of Japanese "national character."
3. Borton, Hugh, Japan's Modem Century, New York, 1955. A good general history which stresses political developments since the mid-nineteenth century.
4. Brown, Delmer M., Nationalism in Japan, Berkeley, 1955. The standard work on this subject.
5. Burks, Ardath W., The Government of Japan, New York, 1961. A recent and good survey of postwar Japanese politics.
6. Dore, R. P., City Life in Japan, Berkeley, 1958. An excellent sociological analysis of life in a section of postwar Tokyo.
7. Ike Nobutaka, Japanese Politics: an Introductory Survey, New York, 1957. A good brief introduction to contemporary Japanese politics.
8. Japan, Ministry of Education, Japan UNESCO Committee, Japan: its Land, People, and Culture, Tokyo, 1958. An encyclopedic compendium of information about all aspects of Japanese culture.
9. Kawai Kazuo, Japan's American Interlude, Chicago, 1960. A brief but excellent study of the Allied Occupation of Japan from 1945 to 1952.
10. Maki, John M., Government and Politics in Japan, New York, 1962. A study of the democratization of postwar politics in Japan.
11. McLaren, Walter W., A Political History of Japan during the Meiji Era, 1867-1912, London, 1916. A detailed and useful account of political structure and history during these years.
12. Quigley, Harold S., Japanese Government and Politics, an Introductory Survey, New York, 1932. The standard prewar text on the subject.
13. Quigley, Harold S., and John Turner, The New Japan: Government and Politics, Minneapolis, 1956. A good standard treatment of the structure and operations of government In postwar Japan.
14. Reischauer, Edwin O., The United States and Japan, rev. ed., Cambridge, Mass., 1957. An excellent brief introduction to Japanese history and institutions.
15. Reischauer, Edwin O., Japan, Past and Present, rev. ed., New York 1956. A brief and good general survey of Japanese history.
16. Reischauer, Robert K., Japan: Government-Politics, New York, 1939. An excellent short study of prewar Japanese politics.
17. Yanaga Chitoshi, Japanese People and Politics, New York, 1956. A detailed account of postwar Japanese political institutions.
18. Yanaga Chitoshi, Japan since Perry, New York, 1949. A very detailed general history-with political emphasis-of Japan since 1854.
19. Beasley, William G. Select Documents on Japanese Foreign Policy, 1853-1868, London 1955. A documentary collection focussed on the fall of the Toku-gawa Shogunate.
20. Bellah, Robert N. Tokugawa Religion, Glencoe 1957. An analysis of the relationship between values and modernization in Japan.
21. Craig, Albert, Chōshū in the Meiji Restoration. Cambridge 1961. A study of the role of the Chōshū clan in the Restoration Movement.
22. de Bary, William T. Sources of the Japanese Tradition. New York, 1958. A well-selected collection of translations, with commentary, illustrating many aspects of Japanese culture.
23. Hall, John W. Tanuma Okitsugu, 1719-1788, Forerunner of Modem Japan. Cambridge, 1955. A biographical study of a high Tokugawa official.
24. Hall, John W. "The Castle Town and Japan's Modern Urbanization," Far Eastern Quarterly XV, No. 1 (1955), pp. 37-56. A study of castle towns as progenitors of the modern city in Japan.
25. Hall, John W. "The Confucian Teacher in Tokugawa Japan" in David S. Nivison and Arthur F. Wright (eds.), Confucianism in Action. Stanford 1959, pp. 268-301. An examination of the role of Confucian scholars in the Tokugawa Period.
26. Jansen, Marius B. Sakamoto Ryōma. Princeton 1961. An analysis of the Restoration Movement seen through the career of a prominent participant.
27. Murdoch, James H. and Yamagata Isoh, A History of Japan, London, 1949, 3 volumes. A detailed, and primarily political, general history of Japan.
28. Norman, E. H. Japan's Emergence as a Modern State. New York, 1946. One of the first socio-economic interpretations of the Restoration.
29. Reischauer, Edwin O. and Fairbank, John K. East Asia, the Great Tradition, Boston 1960. One of the best general treatments of premodern Japanese and East Asian history.
30. Sakata Yoshio and Hall, John W. "The Motivation of Political Leadership in the Meiji Restoration," Journal of Asian Studies, Vol. XVI, No. 1 (1956) pp. 31-50.
31. Sansom, Sir George B. The Western World and Japan. New York, 1950. An analysis of the Western impact on Japan from 1600-1894.
32. Sansom, Sir George B. History of Japan to 1334, Stanford, 1958 and History of Japan from 1334 to 1615, Stanford, 1960. The first two of a projected three volume study. These constitute the most definitive of the English-language treatments of pre-Restoration Japanese history.
33. Sansom, Sir George B. Japan: A Short Cultural History, 2nd rev. ed., New York, 1952. The best of the shorter studies of Japanese cultural and political history.
34. Smith, Thomas C. The Agrarian Origins of Modern Japan. Stanford, 1959. An examination of social and economic changes in rural Japan before the Restoration.
35. Smith, Thomas C. "Japan's Aristocratic Revolution," Yale Review, September 1961. An analysis of the social characteristics of Restoration leadership.
36. Ike Nobutaka, The Beginning of Political Democracy in Japan, Baltimore, 1950. A significant monographic study of the early influences of Western political systems and ideas upon Japan.
37. Kosaka Masaaki (ed.), David Abosch (trans.), Japanese Thought in the Meiji Era, Tokyo, 1958. This work, along with other volumes of the Centenary Culture Council Series, is especially useful for the new and detailed data which it presents.
38. Nitobe Inazo and others, Western Influences in Modern Japan, Chicago, 1931. An uneven but interesting collection of essays by various Japanese authorities on the influence of Westernism upon many aspects of Japanese life.
39. Okuma Shigenobu (ed.), Fifty Years of New Japan, 2 vols., London, 1910. A number of prominent Japanese leaders discuss the source-springs of modern Japan, and in the process, reveal much about their own values and concepts.
40. Sansom, G. B., The Western World and Japan, New York, 1950. An historical cultural study of interaction between Japan and the Western world by one of the foremost scholars of Japanese history.
41. Schwantes, Robert S., Japanese and Americans, New York, 1955. An excellent general study of Japanese-American interaction from the nineteenth to the mid-twentieth century.
42. Allen, G. C, A Short Economic History of Modern Japan, 2nd edit. London, 1962. The best brief account in English.
43. Dore, R. F., Land Reform in Japan, New York, 1959. Appraisal of the postwar Occupation reform.
44. Economic Planning Agency, Economic Survey of Japan, Tokyo, 1956-, annual. Growth and structural changes from year to year.
45. Economic Planning Agency, Kokumin Shotaku Hakusho (White Paper on National Income), Tokyo, 1962. Summarizes official statistics covering 1930-60.
46. Kawai Kazuo, Japan's American Interlude, Chicago, 1960. Account of the postwar Allied occupation.
47. Levine, Solomon B.; Industrial Relations in Postwar Japan, Urbana, 1958. Rise of trade unionism.
48. Lockwood, William W., The Economic Development of Japan, Growth and Structural Change, 1868-1938, Princeton, 1954. Broad study of economic modernization.
49. Ministry of Education, Education in Japan, Tokyo, 1961. A summary of postwar developments.
50. Nihon Gaikō Gakkai, Taiheiyō Sensō Gen-in Ron [On the Cause of the Pacific War]. Tokyo, 1953. Essays on the origins of World War II by leading Japanese scholars.
51. Ohkawa Kazushi, and others, The Growth Rate of the Japanese Economy Since 1878, Tokyo, 1957. The standard work in this field.
52. Prime Minister's Office, Statistics Bureau, Nihon Tōkei Nenkan [Japan Statistical Yearbook], Tokyo, 1949-. The most inclusive yearbook published in Japanese and English, and continuing the pre-war series of the Cabinet Bureau of Statistics, Nihon Teikoku Tōkei Nenkan.
53. Rosovsky, Henry, Capital Formation in Japan, 1868-1940, Glencoe, 1961. Authoritative pioneering study.
54. Scalapino, Robert A., Democracy and the Party Movement in Prewar Japan, Berkeley, 1953.
55. Scalapino, Robert A., and Masumi Junnosuke, Parties and Politics in Contemporary Japan, Berkeley, 1962. This volume, and the one preceding, describe the evolution of party politics.
56. United Nations, Economic Survey of Asia and the Far East, Bangkok, 1947-, annual. Japanese economic developments reviewed in a comparative Asian setting.
57. Aizawa Akira, Kyōiku Hyakunen-shi-dan [Chats on a Hundred Years of Educational History], Tokyo, 1953. Valuable, if undocumented, gossip concerning, chiefly, the formation of educational policy. By a long-lived journalist who specialized in educational matters.
58. Hall, R. K., Kokutai no Hongi: Cardinal Principles of the National Entity of Japan, Cambridge, Mass., 1949. A translation of a wartime civics text.
59. Hall, R. K., Shūshin: The Ethics of a Defeated Nation, New York, 1949. A translation of extracts from the ethics text-books in use in junior and middle schools.
60. Inokawa Kiyoshi and Kawai Akira, Nihon Kyōiku Undōshi [A History of Educational Movements in Japan], two vols. Tokyo, 1960-61. A left-wing history of educational associations and pressure groups with emphasis on the postwar teachers union.
61. Karasawa Tomitarō, Kyōkasho no Rekishi [A History of Text-books], 2 vols., Tokyo, 1956. A general survey of contents, publishing, control systems, etc.
62. Karasawa Tomitarō, Kyōshi no Rekishi [A History of Teaching], Tokyo, 1955. A general history of the teaching profession.
63. Keenlyside, H. L. and Thomas, A. F., History of Japanese Education and Present Educational System, Tokyo, 1937. A general survey of the educational system in the thirties.
64. Kikuchi, D., Japanese Education, London, 1909. The official view of late Meiji education, its purposes and performance. A series of lectures for a London audience.
65. Mombushō (Japan: Ministry of Education), Nempō [Annual Report], Tokyo, 1873-. A basic source, replete with statistical information, reports of inspectors, etc. Substantial English summaries were prepared for the earlier reports and for most post-war years.
66. Mombushō (Japan: Ministry of Education), Kyōkushi Hensankai (Committee on educational history) Meiji ikō kyōiku seido hattatsushi [A History of the Development of Education since the Beginning of the Meiji Period], 12 vols., Tokyo, 1938. A digest of the annual reports, plus some additional material, for the period of 1868-1932.
67. Mombushō (Japan: Ministry of Education), Kyōiku Hachijūnenshi [Eighty Years of Japanese Education], Tokyo, 1954. Another official history, more concisely digested.
68. Noma Kyōiku Kenkyūkai, Kindai Nikon Kyōiku Seidō Shiryō [Materials on the Modern Japanese Educational System], 35 vols., Tokyo, 1956-59. For the period since 1932. Admirably detailed.
69. Shimizu Yoshihiro, Shiken [Examinations], Tokyo, 1957. A first attempt at a sociological analysis of the process of educational selection. Historical section sketchy.
70. Ebihara Hachiro, Kaigai Hōji Shimbun Zasshi Shi [A History of Japanese Newspapers and Periodicals Published Abroad], Tokyo, 1936. An excellent study of newspapers and periodicals in the Japanese language published by Japanese on the West Coast of the United States in the early Meiji period.
71. Hanazono Kamesada, The Development of Japanese Journalism, Osaka, 1924. A history of Japanese journalism in English. A rather detailed description of the 1920s but not much information about early history.
72. Hidaka Rokurō et al., Mass Communication to Seiji-Keizai [Mass Communication, Politics, and Economics], Tokyo, 1955. A quite informative book about the finances of Japanese journalism and its relation to the government.
73. Iwasaki Tōru, Eiga Shi [A History of Motion Pictures], Tokyo, 1961. A historical description of Japanese films and their directors from the beginning to date.
74. Katō Shuichi, "Nihon no Shimbun, Gaikoku no Shimbun" [Japanese Newspapers -Foreign Newspapers], Asahi Journal, June 17, 1962. A study of the characteristics of Japanese newspapers since 1960.
75. Nagashima Matao, Gendai no Shimbun [Contemporary Newspapers], Tokyo, 1959. A study of Japanese newspapers between the second World War and 1960.
76. Ono Hideo, Shimbun no Rekishi [A History of Newspapers], Tokyo, 1961. A general history of journalism which covers the period from the mid-19th century to the present.
77. Shimbun Kyōkai, Nihon Shimbun Hyaku-nen Shi [A Centenary History of Japanese Newspapers], Tokyo, 1961. Useful information about small local newspapers all over Japan. Very incomplete as a general history of journalism.
78. Uchikawa Yoshimi, "Shimbun Dokusha no Hensen" [Changes in Newspaper Readership]. Shimbun Kenkyū, No. 120, July, 1961. The most important historical survey of estimated circulation of the dailies as well as of the social characteristics of the reading public.
79. Wittemore, Edward P., The Press in Japan-A Case Study, Columbia, South Carolina, 1961. A study of the attitude of Japanese newspapers toward the anti-Security Pact demonstrations in Tokyo in 1960.
80. Bellah, R. N., Tokugawa Religion (Glencoe, I11., 1957). An analysis of the modernization of Japan according to Talcott Parson's theory of action.
81. Hoshi Hajime, Kanrigaku Teiiyō [Essentials of the Civil Bureaucracy], Tokyo, 1924. A legal history with special reference to the civil bureaucracies of Japan, China, and the western world.
82. Ishida Takeshi, Kindai Nihon Seiji Kōzō no Kenkyū [Studies on the Political Structure of Japan], Six essays on the political structure of Japan with special reference to bureaucratic rule.
83. Ishii Ryōsuke, Hōsei Hen [Legal History], in Meiji Bunkashi, Tokyo, 1954. A legal history of the period 1868-1912.
84. Inada Masatsugu, Meiji Kempō Seiritsushi [Birth of the Meiji Constitution], Tokyo, 1960-62, 2 vols. The most reliable history of the Meiji Constitution.
85. Kimura Motokazu, Kanryō oyobi Kanryō Soshiki [Civil Servants and Civil Bureaucracy], Tokyo, 1960, in Keizai Shutaisei Kōza Vol. 5.
86. Oka Yoshitake, Kindai Nihon Seijishi [Political History of Modern Japan], Tokyo, 1962, Vol. I is a political history of Japan from 1853 to 1890.
87. Ōshima Tarō, Kanryōsei [Civil Bureaucracy], in Iwanami Kōza Nihon Rekishi Vol. 7, Tokyo, 1962]. An essay on the formation of the Japanese civil bureaucracy.
88. Sakata Yoshio, Meiji Ishinshi [History of the Meiji Restoration], Tokyo, 1960. The most reliable history of the Meiji Restoration in one volume, with special reference to political power.
89. Sakata Yoshio (ed.), Meiji Ishin no Mondaiten [Problems of the Meiji Restoration], Tokyo, 1962. Six papers on political thought and behavior during the Meiji Restoration.
90. Sakata Yoshio, Meiji Zenhanki no Nationalism [Nationalism during the First Half of the Meiji Period], Tokyo, 1958. Eight papers on the Meiji Restoration.
91. Tsuji Kiyoaki, Nihon Kanryōsei no Kenkyū [Studies on the Civil Bureaucracy of Japan], Tokyo, 1952. The first scientific study of the history and social structure of the civil bureaucracy in Japan.
92. Itō Masanori, Gumbalsu kōbōshi [History of the Rise and Fall of the Military Clique], Tokyo, 1957-59, 3 vols, Good survey of the fortunes of the Army and Navy from 1868 to the end of the Pacific War by an experienced journalist and critic of military affairs.
93. Kennedy, M. D., The Military Side of Japanese Life, London, 1924. Useful first-hand observations on the Japanese army prior to World War I by a trained observer.
94. Lory, Hillis, Japan's Military Masters, New York, 1943. A general account of the army in the 1930's and, as the subtitle indicates, of "The Army in Japanese Life, " based on personal observations.
95. Matsushita Yoshio, Meiji gunsei shiron [Historical Essay on the Meiji Military System], Tokyo, 1956, 2 vols. The most comprehensive treatment of the evolution of the military system to 1912 by the dean of Japan's military historians.
96. Matsushita Yoshio, Chōheirei seiteishi [History of the Enactment of Conscriftion], Tokyo, 1943. A careful analysis of the background, formulation, and execution of the conscription law.
97. Matsushita Yoshio, Nihon gunsei to seiji [The Japanese Military System and Politics], Tokyo, 1960. Essays on some aspects of political-military relations.
98. Ogawa Gotarō, Conscriftion System in Japan, New York, 1921. The best study in English of the conscription system and its economic effects.
99. Tokutomi Ichirō, Kōshaku Yamagata Arilomo den [Biography of Prince Yama-gata Aritomo], Tokyo, 1933, 3 vols. The major biography of the architect of Japan's modern army by a veteran journalist-historian. Uncritical but indispensable because of the inclusion of many private papers and documents.
100. Umetani Noboru, Gunjin chokuyu seiritsushi no kenkyū. [Study of the History of the Enactment of the Imferial Rescrift to Soldiers and Sailors], Memoirs of the Faculty of Letters of Osaka University, No. 8. A penetrating study of the political and ideological background of this key document.
101. Yamagata Aritomo, "The Japanese Army," Fifty Years of New Japan, compiled by Count Ōkuma Shigenobu. London, 1909, Vol. 1, pp. 194-217. Brief but authoritative essay on the early development of the army.
102. Beckmann, George, The Making of the Meiji Constitution, Lawrence, 1957. A study of the background of the Meiji Constitution.
103. Ike Nobutaka, The Beginnings of Political Democracy in Japan, Baltimore, 1950. An analysis of the origin and early developments of political parties in Japan.
104. Itagaki Taisuke, Jiyūlōshi [History of the Liberal Party], 2 volumes, Tokyo, 1910. The official history of the Liberal Party by its founder and first leader.
105. Jiyū Minken Shisō [Liberty and Popular Rights Thought], in the Aoki Bunko series, Tokyo, 195 7-. A Study of an early liberal movement important in the development of Japanese political parties.
106. Kōno Banshū Den [Biography of Kōno Banshū], issued by Kōno Banshū Den Hensankai, 2 volumes, Tokyo, 1924. An account of the life and career of Kōno Hironaka (1849-1923), a well known political figure from Fuku-shima.
107. Oka Yoshitake (ed.), Gendai Nihon Seiji Katei [The Political Process in Con-temporary Japan], Tokyo, 1958. A collection of essays dealing in theoretically oriented terms with several aspects of domestic politics and foreign pressures thereon.
108. Sansom, Sir George, The Western World and Japan, New York, 1950. A study of the Western impact on Japan from 1600-1894.
109. Scalapino, Robert, Democracy and the Party Movement in Prewar Japan, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 1953. A detailed analysis of the reasons for the failure of the party movement to achieve democracy in prewar Japan.
110. Scalapino, Robert, "Japan: Between Traditionalism and Democracy, " in Sigmund Neumann (ed.), Modern Political Parties, Chicago, 1956. A general treatment of Japanese political parties.
111. Scalapino, Robert, and Masumi Junnosuke, Parties and Politics in Contemporary Japan, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 1962. The most detailed examination of parties and party politics since 1945.
112. Shoji Kichinosuke, Nihon Seisha Seitō Hattatsushi [History of the Development of Political Societies and Parties in Japan], Tokyo, 1959. A good standard history of Japanese political parties.
113. Takahashi Tetsuo, Fukushima Jiyū Minken Undōshi [The Movement for Liberty and Popular Rights in Fuiushima], Tokyo, 1954. A monographic study of this early liberal movement in a northern Japanese prefecture.
114. Belleten [Bulletin], Ankara, 1937-, quarterly, Journal of the Turkish History Society.
115. Frye, Richard N., Islam and the West, The Hague, 1957. The chapters by Niyazi Berkes, Dankwart A- Rustow, and Howard A. Reed deal with modernization and Islam in Turkey.
116. I˙nal, I˙bnülemin Mahmud Kemal, Osmanh Devrinde Son Sadriazamlar [The Last Grand Vezirs of the Ottoman Period], 14 fascicles, Istanbul, 1940-53. Careful biographies, in the traditional Ottoman manner, covering the period from 1852 to 1922.
117. Jäschke, Gotthard, and Erich Pritsch, Die Türkei seit dem Weltkriege: Geschichtskalender 1918-1928, Berlin, 1929
118. Gotthard Jäschke, Die Türkei in den Jahren 1935-41, Leipzig, 1943
119. Die Türkei in den Jahren 1942-1951, Wiesbaden, 1955. Detailed chronologies, based on Turkish newspapers and official and secondary sources, of political and cultural events; a prime work of reference.
120. Jorga, Nicholas, Geschichte des Osmanischen Reiches, Vol. V, Gotha, 1913. The last volume of the Roumanian historian's general history, particularly useful for questions concerning the Balkans.
121. Karal, Enver Ziya, Osmanh tarihi, Vols. V-VII, Ankara, 1947-1956. [Ottoman History] General history, covering 1789 to 1876, often topically organized, including diplomatic and domestic affairs.
122. Lewis, Bernard, The Emergence of Modern Turkey, London, 1961. Political and cultural transformations, 1850-1950, by the leading Western historian of Turkey. Good bibliography.
123. Lewis, Geoffrey, Turkey, London, 1955. A brief introduction by a British philologist.
124. Robinson, Richard D. The First Turkish Republic: A Case Study in National Development, Cambridge, Mass., 1963. A general introduction by an American economist.
125. Rosen, Georg, Geschichte der Türkei ... 1826 ... 1856, 2 vols., Leipzig, 1866-1867. A good general history of this period, based in part on Rosen's own experience.
126. Sax, Carl Ritter von, Geschichte des Machtverfalls der Türkei ..., 2nd ed., Vienna, 1913. A good general history, largely political and diplomatic, covering essentially 1796 to 1913.
127. Thomas, Lewis V., "Turkey" in L. V. Thomas and R. N. Frye, The United States and Turkey and Iran, Cambridge, Mass., 1951. An interpretation of Turkish politics and society.
128. Ahmed Cevdet Pasa, Tarih-i Cevdet [History], 12 vols., Istanbul, 1891. The classic Ottoman history covering the years 1774-1826 by an official court historian with access to government documents, many of which are included.
129. Gibb, Hamilton A. R., and Harold Bowen, Islamic Society and the West, 1 vol. in 2 parts, London, 1950-1957. A detailed scholarly study of Ottoman administration on the eve of modernization ; no further volumes published.
130. I˙nalcik, Halil, "Osmanh Hukukuna Giris" ["Introduction to Ottoman Law"], Siyasal Bilgiler Fakültesi Dergisi, XIII-2, 102-126 (1959).
131. I˙nalcik, Halil, "Osmanli Padisahi" ["The Ottoman Sultan"], Siyasal Bilgiler Fakültesi Dergisi, XIII-4, 68-79 (1959).
132. I˙nalcik, Halil, Tanzimât ve Bulgar Meselesi [ The Tanzimât and the Bulgarian Question], Ankara, 1943. A scholarly study emphasizing social problems.
133. I˙nalcik, Halil, "Türkiye'nin I˙ktisadî Vaziyeti" ["Turkey's Economic Situation"], Belleten, XV, 629-90 (1951). Three articles dealing with the classical Ottoman period.
134. Kaynar, Resat, Mustafa Resit Pasa ve Tanzimât, Ankara, 1954. Especially interesting for the archival documents it reproduces.
135. [Koçi Bey,] Koçi Bey Risalesi, ed. Ali Kemali Aksüt, Istanbul, 1939. Penetrating observations on the causes of the decline of the Empire presented to the reformist Sultan Murad IV. This edition in romanized transcription is, however, not satisfactory.
136. Lutfi, Ahmed, Tarih [History], vols. I-VII, Istanbul, 1290-1328 A.H. The official Ottoman chronicle on the events from 1826 on.
137. Uluçay, M. Çagatay, 18. ve 19. asrilarda Saruhan'da Esktyaltk ve Halk Hareketleri [Banditism and Popular Movements in Saruhan, in the 18th and 19th Centuries], Istanbul, 1955. A rich collection of original documents on the rise of the âyan in Western Anatolia.
138. Uzunçarşili Ismail Hakki, Alemdar Mustafa Paşa, Istanbul, 1942. Documentary account of the rise of a famous paşa of âyan origin, who became the leader of the revolution of 1807.
139. Yaman, T. Mümtaz, "Osmanli Imperatorluğu Mülkî I˙daresinde Avrupahlasma" ["Europeanization of the Ottoman Administration"], I˙dare Mecmuasi, nos. 138-142.
140. Bailey, Frank E., British Policy and the Turkish Reform Movement, Cambridge, Mass., 1943. Deals with the mid-nineteenth century.
141. Davison, Roderic H., Reform in the Ottoman Empire, 1856-1876, Princeton, New Jersey, 1963. A scholarly study of Turkish political reform and diplomacy.
142. Devereux, Robert, The First Ottoman Constitutional Period, Baltimore, 1963. A study of the drafting and working of the Midhat Pasha constitution, 1876-1878, based on original sources.
143. Engelhardt, Edouard, La Turquie et le Tanzimât, 2 vols., Paris, 1882-1884.
144. Now quite outdated, yet still valuable as a survey of the Tanzimat reforms and western influences from 1826 on.
145. Heidborn, A., Manuel de droit public et administratif de l'Empire ottoman, 2 vols., Vienna, 1908-1912. A useful compilation of information on laws, justice, administration, public finance, etc.
146. Mardin, Şerif, The Genesis of Young Ottoman Thought, Princeton, New Jersey, 1962. A scholarly study of political thought and action, 1865-76.
147. Okandan, Recai G., Umumî âmme hukukumuzun ana hatlan, Istanbul, 1948. [Outline of our General Public Law], A detailed examination of the constitutional periods and documents of 1876 and 1908.
148. Ostrorog, Leon, The Angora Reform, London, 1927. Three brilliant lectures on the law; its bases, the Ottoman mentality and 19th century reforms, and the drastic changes of 1922 to 1926.
149. Tanzimât I: Yüzüncü Yddönümü Münasebetiyle [Tanzimât I: On the Occasion of Its Centenary], Istanbul, 1940. A collection of essays by Turkish scholars on various aspects of the Tanzimat reform era.
150. Temperley, Harold, England and the Near East: The Crimea, London, 1936. Well-written and scholarly examination of the Eastern Question, especially Anglo-Turkish relations, 1808-1853, with sections on Ottoman reforms.
151. Ziemke, Kurt, Die neue Türkei: politische Entwicklung, 1914-1929, Stuttgart, 1930. A good political study of these years, with much on the international relations in the period from 1918 to 1923.
152. de Salve, M., "Education in Turkey," Circulars of Information of the U.S. Bureau of Education, No. 3-1875, Washington, Government Printing Office, 1875, pp. 237-252. An interesting, contemporary impression of Turkish education in the late 19th century by the first director of the Galatasaray Lycée.
153. Ergin, Osman, Türkiye Maarif Tarihi [History of Turkish Education], 5 vols., Istanbul, 1939-1943. Though discursive and in need of editing, this is the indispensable basic source on the development of the Turkish educational system.
154. Hyman, Herbert H., Arif Payaslioğlu, and Frederick W. Frey, "The Values of Turkish College Youth," Public Opinion Quarterly, Vol. XXII, Fall, 1959, pp. 275-91. A comparative survey of certain values of students at the Political Science Faculty in Ankara and Robert College in Istanbul.
155. Kirby, Fay, Türkiye'de Köy Enstitüleri [The Village Institutes in Turkey], Ankara, 1962. The most detailed investigation to date of the short and happy life of the Village Institutes.
156. Kuran, Ahmet Bedevi, Harbiye Mektebinde Hürriyet Mücadelesi [The Struggle for Freedom in the War College], Istanbul, n.d. A highly personal, suggestive recollection of the role of the War College in the struggle for political development in Turkey, especially during the Second Constitutional Period.
157. Maynard, Richard E., The List and its Curriculum in the Turkish EducationalSystem, unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Education, University of Chicago, 1961. Broader than its title indicates, heavily based on Ergin, this is the best general survey in English of the development and character of the Turkish educational system.
158. Millî Eğitimle I˙lgili Söylev ve Demeçler [Remarks and Speeches Regarding National Education], 3 vols., Ankara, 1946. A collection of the remarks and speeches related to education of prominent Turkish political leaders.
159. Oguzkan, Turhan, Adult Education in Turkey, Educational Studies and Documents, No. XIV, Paris: UNESCO, 1955. A carefully prepared short study that includes some useful general comments and data.
160. Publications of the Test ve Araştirma Bürosu, Maarif Vekâleti [Test and Research Bureau, Ministry of Education], Ankara, Turkey. A series of several dozen publications presenting valuable statistical data, unobtainable elsewhere and based on original research, concerning the Turkish educational system.
161. Reed, Howard A., "The Faculty of Divinity at Ankara," The Muslim World, Vol. XLVI, October 1956, pp. 295-312, and Vol. XLVII, January 1957, pp. 22-35. Provides valuable information and interpretation on religious education in Turkey.
162. The Report of the Turkish National Commission on Education, Istanbul: American Board Publication Department, 1961. An important report by a National Commission on Education set up by the Turkish Ministry of Education, supported by the Ford Foundation, to "examine the educational situation in Turkey" and in selected other countries-one of which, interestingly enough, was Japan.
163. Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Maarifi, 1923-1943 [Education System of the Turkish Republic, 1923-1943], Ankara, 1944. An official resume of educational developments under the Republic.
164. Balkanli, Remzi, Mukayeseli Basm ve Propaganda [Comparative Press and Propaganda], Ankara, 1961. An extensive legal study with occasional illuminative court decisions.
165. Banoğlu, Niyazi Ahmet, Basm Tarihimizin Kara ve Ak Günleri [Dark and Bright Days of Our Press History], Istanbul, 1960. Includes some documents on press during the reign of Abdülhamid II.
166. Birinci Basin Kongresi [The First Press Congress], Istanbul, 1936. Minutes and discussion of a press convention which expressed the government view on press.
167. Candar, Avni, Biblioğrafya, Halk Evleri Neşriyati [Bibliography, People's Houses Publications], 2 vols., Ankara, 1939, 1941.
168. Fesch, Paul, Constantinople Aux Derniers Jours d'Abdul Hamid, Paris, 1907. Includes one chapter on the press with some critical analysis.
169. Gerçek, Selim Nüzhet, Türk Matbaactliği [Turkish Printing], Istanbul, 1939. A valuable work based on first hand sources.
170. Gerçek, Selim Nüzhet, Türk Gazetecliği [Turkish Journalism], Istanbul, 1931. A source book on the early phase of journalism.
171. I˙skit, Server R., Türkiyede Matbuat Rejimleri [Press Regimes in Turkey], Istanbul, 1939. The most comprehensive history of press with verbatim records of debates on press laws and development.
172. I˙skit, Server R., Türkiyede Nesriyat Hareketlerine Bir Bakiş [A Look at Press Movements in Turkey], Istanbul, 1939. A biographical study of the press bureau chiefs with a brief synthesis on press history.
173. I˙skit, Server R., Hususî Ilk Türiçe Gazetemiz "Tercumant AAval" ve Agâh Efendi [Our First Private Turkish Newspaper "Tercümant Ahval" and Agâh Efendi], Ankara, 1937. A brief biographical study of one of the first Turkish newsmen.
174. Karpat, Kemal H., "Social Themes in Contemporary Turkish Literature," Middle East Journal, 2 parts, Winter and Spring 1960, pp. 29-44, 153-168. A study of social and political currents in Turkish literature along with its evolution.
175. Karpat, Kemal H., "Die Geschichte der ideologischen Strōmungen seit der Begründung der Türkischen Republik: Der Populismus und seine Vertreter," Bustan, January 1962, pp. 17-26. A study of political thought and publications.
176. Köden, Bilal, Güzel Or du Gazetesinin 25 Yillik Hikayesi [The 25-Year Story of the Newspaper Güzelordu], Ordu, 1955. An original account of the story of a local newspaper with excellent sidelights on political problems arising from modernization.
177. Legarde, Louis de, "Notes sur les journaux Français de Smyrne à l'epoque de Mahmoud," Journal Asiatique, vol. 238, 1950, pp. 103-144. A good study of French press in I˙zmir at this early stage.
178. Lerner, Daniel, The Passing of Traditional Society, Glencoe, 1958. Includes an analysis of the modernizing role of mass media in Turkey.
179. Mardin, Şerif, "Some Notes on an Early Phase in the Modernization of Communication in Turkey," Comparative Studies in Society and History, Vol. III, April 1961, pp. 250-271. An interpretive study of communication in the light of Deutsch's theory of nationalism.
180. Müftüoğlu, Hakki, and Başak Gültekin, Basin Yaym ve Turizm Mevzuati [Laws on Press, Publications, and Tourism], Istanbul, 1958. A useful guide for legal studies and press history.
181. Önder, Mehmet, Konya Matbuati Tarihi [History of the Press of Konya], Konya, 1949. A brief but informative study based on the content of some local newspapers.
182. Özön, Mustafa Nihat, Namik Kemal ve I˙bret Gazetesi [Namik Kemal and I˙bret Newspaper], Istanbul, 1938. An original study of Namik Kemal's career as journalist and the content of his articles.
183. Perin, Cevdet, Tanzimat Edebiyatmda Fransiz Tesiri [French Influence on the Literature of the Tanzimat], Istanbul, 1946. A study of the translations in the early stage of literary and intellectual modernization.
184. Tanpinar, Ahmet Hamdi, XIX Asir Türk Edebiyati Tarihi [History of 19th Century Turkish Literature], Istanbul, 1956. Excellent accounts of journalism and literature with interpretations.
185. Tokgöz, Ahmet I˙hsan, Matbuat Hattralarim [My Memoirs of Journalism], 2 vols., Istanbul, 1930. An excellent account by one of the veteran newsmen covering several decades of press activity.
186. Tütengil, Cavit Orhan, Diyarbakir Basim Tarihi Üzerinde Notlar [Notes on the History of the Press in Diyarbakir], Istanbul, 1954. A short descriptive study.
187. Tütengil, Cavit Orhan, Türkiyede Böige Basini ve Diyarbakir Gazeteciligi [Regional Press in Turkey and the Diyarbakir Press], Istanbul, 1962. As above.
188. Ülken, Hilmi Ziya, Uyaniş Devrinde Tercümenin Rolü [The Role of Translation in the Awakening Period], Istanbul, 1935. An interpretive study of translation in cultural modernization and intellectual mobility.
189. [Yalman,] Ahmed Emin, The Development of Modem Turkey as Measured by Its Press, New York, 1914. The only study in English, based partly on Fesch, covering the history of the press. Original in the part dealing with the Young Turk period, 1908-1914.
190. Bonné, Alfred, State and Economics in the Middle East, London, 1948. Includes a general account of 19th century economic conditions.
191. Grunwald, Kurt and Joachim O. Ronell, Industrialization in the Middle East, New York, 1960.
192. Hershlag, Zvi Yehuda, Turkey, An Economy in Transition, The Hague, 1958. The best general study, by an Israeli economist.
193. International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, The Economy in Turkey; An Analysis and Recommendations for a Development Program, Baltimore, 1951. More sympathetic to the state's role than Thornburg.
194. Kerwin, Robert W., "Etatism in Turkey, " in Hugh G. J. Aitken, ed., The State and Economic Growth, New York, 1959. Brief historical account and critical appraisal by a former U.S. foreign service officer.
195. Mordtmann, A.D., Stambul und das moderne Türkenthum, II, Leipzig, 1877. Includes a description of economic conditions.
196. Sousa, Nasim, The Capitulary Regime of Turkey: Its History, Origin and Nature, Johns Hopkins University Studies in Historical and Political Sciences, Baltimore, 1933. A scholarly study.
197. Thornburg, Max Weston, et al., Turkey: An Economic Appraisal, New York, 1949. Study for the Twentieth Century Fund, highly critical of etatist tradition.
198. [Yalman,] Ahmed Emin, Turkey in the World War in the Turkish Series of Shotwell, James T. (ed.), Economic and Social History of the World War, New Haven, 1930. A general survey of the Young Turk period, with some information on economic conditions and policy.
199. Ankara Üniversitesi Siyasal Bilgiler Fakültesi Dergisi [Review of the Faculty of Political Sciences of Ankara University], Ankara, 1953-, quarterly. Articles on political science including Turkish government and administration.
200. Birkhead, Guthrie S., and Fahir Armaoğlu, Graduates of the Faculty of Political Sciences, University of Ankara, 1946-1955, Ankara, 1957. Survey of social origins, post-graduation employment, job satisfaction, etc.
201. Çankaya, Mücellitoglu Ali, Mülkiye Tarihi ve Mülkiyeliler [History of the Civil Service School and Its Graduates], 2 vols., Ankara, 1954. Vol. I consists of a history of the Civil Service School and Vol. II contains short biographies of its graduates from 1859 to 1949.
202. Frey, Frederick W., and Arif T. Payaslioğlu, "Babalarmin mensup olduğu mes-lekler bakimmdan Siyasal Bilgiler Fakültesi öğrencileri üzerine bir inceleme" ["Students of the Faculty of Political Sciences: A Trend Analysis of the Occupational Backgrounds of their Fathers"], Ankara Üniversilesi Siyasal Bilgiler Fakültesi Dergisi, Vol. XIII, No. 3, September 1958, pp. 225-243.
203. Gorvine, Albert, and Arif T. Payaslioğlu, "The Administrative Career Service in Turkish Provincial Government," International Review of Administrative Sciences, Vol. XXIII (1957), pp. 467-474. Recruitment, training, promotion, etc., in the modern Turkish provincial administration with emphasis on the career nature of the service. Includes a brief historical survey of Turkish civil bureaucracy.
204. I˙dare Dergisi [Administrative Review] Ankara, 1927-, monthly. Appeared as I˙dare until 1945. Contains laws and executive orders as well as articles on public administration.
205. I˙ller ve Belediyeler Dergisi [Provincial and Municipal Review], Ankara, 1945-, monthly. Articles on various aspects of Turkish provincial and municipal administration. Final issue of each year includes a chronology of significant events concerning local government.
206. Kingsbury, Joseph B., and Tahir Aktan, The Public Service in Turkey: Organization, Recruitment and Training, Brussels, 1955. A brief survey of Turkish civil bureaucracy in the mid-twentieth century.
207. Matthews, A. T. J., Emergent Turkish Administrators: A Study of the Vocational and Social Attitudes of Junior and Potential Administrators, Ankara, 1955. Based on a survey of 270 students of the Political Sciences and Law Faculties of Ankara University and of the Public Administration Institute for Turkey and the Middle East.
208. Orhun, Hayri, Türkiye'de Devlet Memurlarinin Hukukî Rejimi [The Legal Status of State Officials in Turkey], Istanbul, 1946. Surveys the legal position of Turkish civil bureaucrats under Empire and Republic with regard to recruitment, training, promotion, disciplinary action, salaries, etc.
209. Presthus, Robert V., and Sevda Erem, Statistical Analysis in Comparative Administration: The Turkish Conseil d'Etat, Ithaca, New York, 1958. A statistical picture of the activities of the Turkish supreme administrative court based on sample cases selected from decisions rendered, 1947-54.
210. Sturm, Albert L., and Cemal Mihçioğlu, Bibliography on Public Administration in Turkey 1928-1957, Selective and Annotated, Ankara, 1959. The most complete bibliography available on the subject. Some titles of lasting historical value published prior to 1928 are included.
211. Allen, W. E. D., and Paul Muratoff, Caucasian Battlefields 1828-1917, Cambridge, England, 1953. A scholarly military history of the Russian-Turkish frontier with significant political sidelights.
212. Biyiklioğlu, Tevfik, Atatürk Anadoluda [Atatürk in Anatolia], Ankara, 1959. Military and political organization, 1919-1921, by a former staff colonel and secretary to Atatürk.
213. Biyiklioğlu, Tevfik, Trakya'da Millî Mücadele [The National Struggle in Thrace], 2 vols., Ankara, 1955-56. Scholarly, richly documented from original sources; mainly on the 1919-1921 period.
214. Cebesoy, Ali Fuat, Millî Mücadele Haiiralari [Memoirs of the National Struggle], vol. I, Istanbul, 1953. By the commander of the Western front in 1919; detached and documented, an important supplement to Atatürk's Nutuk.
215. [Cemal, Ahmed,] Memories of a Turkish Statesman 1913-1919 by Djemal Pasha. Apologia of the Young Turk leader.
216. Fisher, Sydney Nettieton, ed., The Military in the Middle East: Problems in Society and Government, Columbus, Ohio, 1963. See the chapters by D. A. Rustow on the Middle East in general and by S. N. Fisher on Turkey.
217. Harp Tarihi Vesikalari Dergisi [Journal of Documents of Military History] Ankara, 1952-, quarterly. Telegraphic correspondence of military and political leaders in the War of Independence in facsimile and romanized transcription. A rich primary source.
218. Karabekir, Kâzim, I˙stiklâl Harbimiz [Our War of Independence], I˙stanbul, 1960. The long suppressed memoirs of the commander of the Eastern front; with many documents and some sharp polemics.
219. Larcher, Maurice. La guerre turque dans la guerre mondiale, Paris, 1926. The most authoritative account of the Ottoman war effort, by a French officer, based on Turkish general staff sources.
220. Mühlmann, Carl, Das deutsch-türkische Waffenbündnis im Weltkriege, Leipzig, 1940. By an officer on Liman's mission, based on German military archives.
221. Rustow, Dankwart A., "The Army and the Founding of the Turkish Republic," World-Politics, XI, 4, July 1959, pp. 513-52. Military politics of the War of Independence, based on published Turkish and foreign sources.
222. Weiker, Walter F., The Turkish Revolution 1960-61: Some Aspects of Military Politics, Washington, D.C., 1963. A scholarly examination of the Committee of National Unity and its policies.
223. [Atatürk,] Mustafa Kemal, Nutuk [Speech]. (The 3 vol. edn., Ankara, 1934, in romanized Turkish, has an index of names and subjects. The English translation [A Speech Delivered by Ghazi Mustapha Kemal, Leipzig, 1929] is inadequate.) Kemal's famous Six-Day Speech of 1927, a richly documented account of his leadership in the War of Independence; a source of prime importance, though not unbiased.
224. Frey, Frederick W., The Turkish Political Elite, Cambridge, Mass., 1964. A penetrating analysis of the power structure of the First Republic based on a careful examination of the social and occupational background of National Assembly members.
225. Gökalp, Ziya, Turkish Nationalism and Western Civilization, tr. and ed. Niyazi Berkes, London, 1959. Selections from a leading Young Turk writer.
226. Heyd, Uriel, Turkish Nationalism, London, 1950. An examination of Gökalp's thought.
227. Karpat, Kemal H., Turkey's Politics: The Transition to a Multiparty System, Princeton, 1959. A detailed study, based on original sources, of the period after 1946.
228. Ramsaur, Ernest Edmondson, Jr., The Young Turks: Prelude to the Revolution of 1908, Princeton, N.J., 1957. The most reliable examination of the political antecedents of the revolution.
229. Rustow, Dankwart A., "Turkey's Second Try at Democracy," Yale Review, Vol. lii, No. 4, Summer 1963, pp. 518-538. An analysis of the aftermath of the 1960 revolution.
230. Tunaya, Tank Zafer, Türkiyede Siyasî Partiler 1859-1952 [Political Parties in Turkey 1859-1952], Istanbul, 1952. A rich compilation of party documents with lists of leaders and an interpretive commentary by a Turkish political scientist.
231. Us, Hakki Tank, Meclisi Mebusan 1293-1877, 2 vols., Istanbul, 1940-1954. Reprint of the proceedings of the first Ottoman Legislature.