Time-use surveys in developing countries: An assessment

Unpaid Work and the Economy: Gender, Time Use and Poverty in Developing Countries

Volumn , Issue , 2009, Pages 252-324

  Hirway, Indira ^a,b  

^a Center for Development Alternatives   (India)

^b BARD COLLEGE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84956507770     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1057/9780230250550     Document Type: Chapter

References (138)

1. Acharya, M. (1997) 'Time Budget Studies for Measurement of Human Welfare,' submitted to UNDP for Presentation in the Workshop of Integrating Paid and Unpaid Work into National Policies, Seoul, 28-30 May.
2. Acharya, M. (2003) 'Time Budget Studies and Its Policy Relevance - The Case of Nepal,' in Applications of Time Use Statistics (New Delhi: Central Statistical Organization, Government of India).
3. Aguiar, N. (1998) A Mulher na Forca Time Use Survey (Brazil: Federal University of Minas Gerais) Available at www.undp.org
4. Aguiar, N. (1999) 'Time Use Analysis in Brazil: How FarWill Time Use Studies Have Advanced in Brazil by the Year 2000?,' paper presented at the Conference at the International Association for Time Use Research, Colchester, 6-8 October.
5. Aguiar, N. (2001) Belo Horizonte Time Use Survey (Brazil: Federal University of Minas Gerais) Available at www.undp.org
6. Aguiar, N. (2005) 'Time Use and Household Inequality: Behavioural and Perceptual Data,' paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the International Association for Time Use Research, Halifax, Canada, 2-4 November.
7. Ajayi, O.O. (2000) 'Conducting the TUS - Nigerian Experience,' paper prepared for Expert Group Meeting on Time Use Survey, New York, 23-27 October.
8. Akarro, R. (2002) 'Does Time Use Differentials Contribute to Differences in Poverty Levels in Tanzania? A Case Study of Regions in the Eastern and Northern Zones of Tanzania,' University of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
9. Asi, S. (2000) 'Report: Palestine Time Use Survey - A Palestinian Example,' paper presented at the United Nations Expert Group Meeting on Methods of Conducting Time Use Surveys, New York, 23-27 October.
10. Anxinli, An (2008) 'TUS in China,' IATUR 30th conference in Sydney, Australia, 4 December.
11. Apps, P. (2002) 'Gender, Time User and Models of the Household,' Policy Research Working Paper 3233 (Washington, DC: The World Bank).
12. Arboleda, H. (2001) 'Time Use Data and Valuation of UnpaidWork,' unpublished document, ESCAP, Bangkok.
13. Bardasi, E., and Q. Wodon (2000) 'Measuring Time Poverty and Analyzing Its Determinants: Concepts and Application to Guinea,' World Bank Economics Bulletin, 10(10), 1-7.
14. Bayudan, C.G. (2006) 'Wives time allocation and intra household power: evidence from the Philippines,' Applied Economics 38(7), 789-804.
15. Bediako, G., and J. Vanek (1998) 'Trial International Classification of Activities for Time-use Statistics,' paper presented at the International Conference on Time Use, University of Luneberg, 22-25 April.
16. Bediako, G., and J. Vanek (2000) 'Trial International Classification of Activities For Time Use Studies,' in Proceedings of the International Seminar on Time Use Studies (Delhi: Central Statistical Organizations, Government of India).
17. Bittman, M. (2008) 'Methodological Issues in Conducting Time Use Survey at the Global Level and Emerging Lessons,' in Mainstreaming Time Use Surveys in National Statistical System in India (New Delhi: Ministry of Women and Child Development, Government of India).
18. Blackden, C.M., and Q. Wodon (2005) 'Gender, Time Use, and Poverty in Sub-Saharan Africa,' World Bank Working Paper No. 73 (Washington, DC: World Bank).
19. Blanke, K.M. (1993) 'The With Whom Coding,' paper presented at the International Association for Time Use Research Conference, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
20. Bonke, J. (2002) 'Paid Work and Unpaid Work: Diary Information Versus Questionnaire Information,' paper presented at the Conference of the International Association for Time Use Research, Lisbon, 16-18 October.
21. Bonke, J., and J. Mcintosh (2005) 'Household Time Allocation - Theoretical and Empirical Results from Denmark,' Electronic Journal of International Association of Time Use Research (EIJTUR), No. 2 University of Oxford, UK.
22. Budlender, D. (2000a) 'Major Issues in Developing the South African Time Use Classification,' Expert Group Meeting on Methods for Conducting TUS, New York, 23-27 October.
23. Budlender, D. (2000b) 'The Policy Implications of the Time Use Survey in South Africa,' in Proceedings of the International Seminar on Time Use Studies (New Delhi:Central Statistical Organization, Government of India).
24. Budlender, D. (2007) 'A Critical Review of Selected Time Use Suvreys,' Gender and Development Paper No. 2 (Geneva: United Nations Research Institute for Social Devlopment, UNRISD).
25. Budlender, D., and D. Bosch (2002) 'South Africa Child Domestic Workers:A National Report' (Geneva: ILO and IPEC) May 2002.
26. Budlender, D., and A.L. Brathaug (2002) 'Calculating the Value of Unpaid Labour:A Discussion Document,' Working Paper 2002/1 (Pretoria: Statistics South Africa).
27. Bureau of Labour Statistics (2003) American Time Use Survey Activity Lexicon (Washington, DC: BLS). Available at: http://www.bls.gov/tus/lexiconnoex0307.pdf
28. Ceborarev, E. (1984) 'Timing of Organization of Domestic and Non-domestic Activities of Peasant Women in Latin America (Brazil, Venezuela and Mexico),' in N. Aguair (ed.), Time Use Analysis in Brazil (Brazil: Federal University of Minas Gerais).
29. Central Statistical Organization (2000) Report of the Time Use Survey (New Delhi:Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of India).
30. Central Statistical Organization (2002) Proceedings of the National Seminar on Applications of Time Use Statistics (New Delhi: Central Statistical Organization, Government of India).
31. Chakraborty, L. (2008) 'Statistical Invisibility of Care Economy in India: Evidence from Time Use Data,' in Mainstreaming Time Use Surveys in National Statistical System in India (New Delhi: Ministry of Women and Child Development, Government of India).
32. Charmes, J. (1999) 'Results and Lessons of a National Time Use Survey in Benin, and Consequences on Re-estimation of Women's Participation in the Labour Force and Contribution to GDP,' paper presented at the Conference of the International Association for Time Use Research, Colchester, 6-8 October.
33. Charmes, J. (2005) 'A Review of the Empirical Evidence on Time Use in Africa,' in 'Gender, Time Use and Poverty in Sub-Saharan Africa', Working Paper 73. (Washington, DC: The World Bank).
34. Charmes, J. and I. Hirway (2006) 'Estimating and Understanding the Informal Employment through Time Use Studies,' paper presented at Expert Group on Informal Sector Statistics (Delhi Group), 11-12 May.
35. Collas-Monsod, S. (2008) 'Integrating Unpaid Work into Macroeconomics Some Indian Experiences,' in Mainstreaming Time Use Surveys in National Statistical System in India (New Delhi: Ministry of Women and Child Development, Government of India).
36. Corner, L. (2003) 'Use of Time Use Data for Policy Advocacy and Analysis,' in Applications of Time Use Statistics (New Delhi: Central Statistical Organization, Government of India).
37. Dedecca, C.S. (2005) 'On Times and Gender in Brazilian Society,' paper presented at the Conference of the International Association for Time Use Research, Tours, 18-23 July.
38. Delittman, M. (2000) 'Issues in the Design of TUS for Collecting Data on Paid and Unpaid Work,' paper presented at the United Nations, Expert Group Meeting on Methods for Conducting TUS, New York, 23-27 October.
39. Dhital, R. (2000) 'Time Use Survey in Nepal,' in Proceedings of the International Seminar on Time Use Studies (New Delhi: Central Statistical Organization, Government of India).
40. Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (2002-2003) Poverty and Inequality from a Gender Perspective (Santiago, Chile: Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean-ECLAC).
41. Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (2004) Family Structures, HouseholdWork andWell-being in Latin America (Santiago, Chile: Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean-ECLAC).
42. Eivind, H. and A.M. Greenwood (2000) 'Statistics on Working Time Arrangements:Issues and the Role of Time Use Surveys,' paper presented at Expert Group Meeting on Methods for Conducting TUS, New York, October 23-27. www.ilo.org.
43. Elson, D. (2000) 'Progress of the World's Women, 2000,' in Biennial Report (New York: United Nations Development Fund for Women).
44. Esim, S. (2000) 'Impact of Government Budgets on Poverty and Gender Equality,' paper prepared for the Inter-Agency Workshop on Improving the Effectiveness of Integrating Gender in to Government Budgets Commonwealth Secretariat, Malborough House, (ICRW), London, 26-27 April.
45. Esquivel, V. (2006) 'What Else Do We Have To Cope With? Gender, Paid and Unpaid Work During Argentina's Last Crisis,' Working Paper 06-6 (July) (Salt Lake City, UT: International Working Group on Gender Macroeconomics, and International Economics).
46. Esquivel, V., D. Budlender, N. Folbre and I. Hirway (2008) 'Explorations: Time Use Surveys in the South,' Feminist Economics, July, 107-52.
47. EUROSTAT (1999) Proposal for a Satellite Account for Household Production (Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities).
48. EUROSTAT (2000a) Guidelines on Harmonized European Time Use Surveys (Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities).
49. EUROSTAT (2000b) 'Methodological Guidelines on Harmonized European Time Use Surveys:With Reference to Experiences of the European Time Use Pilot Surveys,' paper presented at the Expert Group Meeting on Methods for Conducting Time Use-Surveys, New York, 23-27 October, New York.
50. EUROSTAT (2003a) 'Household Production and Consumption Proposal for a Methodology of Household Satellite Accounts,' Task force report for Eurostat, Unit E1, Working Paper (Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities).
51. EUROSTAT (2003b) 'Proposal for a Satellite Account of Household Production,' Working Paper 9/1999/A4/11 (Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities).
52. Fisher, K., J. Gershunu, A. Gauthier and C. Victorino (2000) 'Exploring New Ground for Using the Multinational Time Use Study,' paper presented at the International Sociological Association RC33 Conference on Social Science Methodology, Universitat zu Koln, 3-6 October.
53. Floro, M. (1995) 'Economic restructuring, gender and the allocation of time,' World Development, 23, 1913-29.
54. Galay, K. (2007) 'Patterns of Time Use and Happiness in Bhutan: Is There a Relationship Between the Two?,' Working Paper, No. 432. (Chiba, Japan: Institute of Developing Economies, Japan External Trade Organization).
55. Gershuny, J. (2000) Changing Times: Work and Leisure in Postindustrial Society (Oxford: Oxford University Press).
56. Government of India (1999) Proceedings of the International Seminar on Time Use Studies (New Delhi: Central Statistical Organization, Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of India).
57. Government of India (2000) 'Report of the Time Use Survey' (New Delhi: Central Statistical Organization, Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of India).
58. Government of India (2008) Report of the International Seminar 'Towards Mainstreaming Time Use Surveys in National Statistical System in India' (New Delhi:Ministry ofWomen and Child Development, Government of India and UNDP)
59. Government of Morocco (1999) Women's Time-use in Morocco, in 1997/98 National Survey on Women's Time Budge, Volume 2, Directorate of Statistics, Government of Morocco, Kabat, Morocco.
60. Government of Thailand (2008) Gender-Disaggregated Statistics, Office of Women's Affairs and Family Development, Ministry of Social Development and Human Security, Bangkok.
61. Grosh, M. and P. Glewwe (eds) (2000) Designing Household Survey Questionnaires for Developing Countries: Lessons from Fifteen Years of LSMS Experience (Washington, DC: World Bank).
62. Guerreo, M. (2005) 'Module One: Collecting Time Use Data,' in Integrating Unpaid Work into National Policies (New York: United Nations/UN-ESCAP).
63. Guerreo, M. (2008) 'Presentation on Activity Classification under Time Use Surveys,' in Report of the International Seminar 'Towards Mainstreaming Time Use Surveys in the National Statistical System in India (New Delhi: Ministry ofWomen and Child Development, Government of India).
64. Harvey, A.S. (1999) 'Time Use Research: The Roots to the Future,' in J. Merz and M. Ehling (eds), Time Use: Research, Data and Policy: Contributions from the International Conference on Time Use (Baden-Baden, Germany: FFB-Schriftenreihe Band).
65. Harvey, A.S. (2000) 'Time Use,' in M. Grosh and P. Glewwe (eds), Designing Household Survey Questionnaires for Developing Countries; Lessons from Fifteen Years of LSMS Experience (Washington, DC: World Bank).
66. Harvey, A.S. (2003) 'Time Use Research: Past, Present and Future,' in Applications of Time Use Statistics (New Delhi: Central Statistical Organization, Government of India).
67. Harvey, A.S. and M.E. Taylor (1999) 'Activity Settings and Travel Behaviour:A Social Contract Perspective,' Transportation 27, 53-73.
68. Hirway, I. (2000a) 'Conceptual and Methodological Issues of Time Use Studies in India,' in Proceedings of the International Seminar on Time Use Studies (New Delhi:Central Statistical Organization, Government of India).
69. Hirway, I. (2000b) 'Estimating Workforce Using Time Use Results and Its Implications for Employment Policy in India,' in Proceedings of the International Seminar on Time Use Studies (New Delhi: Central Statistical Organization, Government of India).
70. Hirway, I. (2000c) 'Tabulation and Analysis of the Indian Time Use Survey Data for Improving Measurement of Paid and Unpaid Work,' paper presented at Expert Group Meeting on Methods for Conducting TUS, New York, 23-27 October.
71. Hirway, I. (2002) 'Gender Approach to the Collection and Use of Data: The Time Allocation Component,' UNIFEM, Bangkok.
72. Hirway, I. (2003) 'Indian Experience in Time Use Survey,' in Proceedings of the International Seminar on Application of Time Use Statistics (New Delhi: Central Statistical Organization, Government of India).
73. Hirway, I. (2004) 'Issues in Collection and Analysis of Cross National Time Use data: With Reference to Developing Countries,' paper presented for Sixth International Conference on Social Science Methodology: Recent Developments and Application in Social Science Methodology, Amsterdam, 16-20 August.
74. Hirway, I. (2007) 'Implications of Time Use Patterns for Public Employment Guarantee Programmes in Global South,' Stock Taking Paper March-April. Prepared for The Levy Economics Institute of Bard College.
75. Hirway, I. (2008a) 'Conceptual and Methodological Issues in Conducting Time Use Surveys in Developing Countries,' in Mainstreaming Time Use Surveys in National Statistical System in India (New Delhi: Ministry of Women and Child Development, Government of India).
76. Hirway, I. (2008b) 'Multiple Uses of Time Use Statistics in Developing Countries,' in Mainstreaming Time Use Surveys in National Statistical System in India (New Delhi: Ministry of Women and Child Development, Government of India).
77. Hirway, I. (2009) ' Mainstreaming Time Use Surveys in the National Statistical System in India,' Economic and Political Weekly XLIV(12).
78. Hirway, I. and J. Charmes (2008) 'Estimating and Understanding Informal Employment, Through Time Use Studies,' in Mainstreaming Time Use Surveys in National Statistical System in India (New Delhi: Ministry ofWomen and Child Development, Government of India).
79. Hirway, I. and Sunny Jose (2010) 'Understanding Women's SNA Work Using Time-Use Statistics: The Case of India,' Feminist Economics, Forthcoming.
80. Hirway, I., and R.N. Pandey (2000) 'Gender Issues in the Measurement of Paid and Unpaid Work,' paper for the Expert Group Meeting on Time Use Survey, New York, 23-27 October.
81. Hirway, I., M.R. Saluja and Bhupesh Yadav (2009) 'Assessing Impact of NREGA Works in a Village Based on SAM,' in The National Rural employment Guarantee Act: Design, Process and Impact (New Delhi: Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India).
82. Hook, J. (2005) 'The Difference a State Makes: Women's Allocation of Unpaid Work in the 50 States,' Poster Session at the American Time Use Survey Early Results Conference, Washington, DC.
83. Hunter, D. (2008) 'International Labour Statistics and Their Place in Defining the Scope, Content and Overall Framework for Social Statistics,' Department of Economic and Social Affairs, United Nations Expert Group Meeting on The Scope and Content of Social Statistics, 9-12 September.
84. ICATUS (2003) 'Background Paper on the Trial International Classification of Activities for Time-Use Statistics,' paper prepared for the Expert Group Meeting on International Economic and Social Classifications, New York, NY, 8-10 December.
85. Ilahi, N. (2000) 'The Intra-household allocation of time and tasks: what have we learned from the empirical literature?,' Policy Research Report on Gender and Development, WP Series, No. 13 (Washington, DC: World Bank).
86. INSTRAW (1995) Time Use Pilot Survey for the Measurement and Evaluation of Work:Paid and Unpaid: Guidelines for Interviewers, Advancement of Women, International Research and Training Institute for the Advancement of Women, Sante Domingo. Dominican Republic, DominicanRep/sourcedom95d.pdf. http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/sconcerns/tuse/
87. INSTRAW (1997) 'Measurement of Women and Men's Contribution To Development Through Time-Use: The Case Of Dominican Republic.'
88. Ironmonger, D. (2008) 'Multiple Uses of Time Use Statistics in Developed Countries,' in Mainstreaming Time Use Surveys in National Statistical System in India (New Delhi: Ministry of Women and Child Development, Government of India).
89. Judd, K., M. Durano, and H. Cueva-Beteta (2006) 'UNIFEM's Role As a User of Statistics,' Inter-Agency and Expert Group Meeting on the Development of Gender Statistics, United Nations, New York, 12-14 December.
90. Juster, F.T. (1985) 'The Validity and Quality of Time Use Estimates Obtained from Recall Diaries,' in F.T. Juster and F.P. Stafford (eds), Time Goods and Well Being (Ann Arbor, MI: Institute for Social Research, Survey Research Center, University of Michigan).
91. Kalton, G. (1985) 'Sample Design Issues in Time Diary Studies,' in F.T. Juster and F.P. Stafford (eds), Time, Goods andWell-Being (Ann Arbor, MI: Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan).
92. Kan, M.Y. (2006) 'Measuring Housework Participation: The Gap between '"Stylized" Questionnaire Estimates and Diary-based Estimates,' Working Paper 2006-11 (Essex, UK: Institute for Social and Economic Research, University of Essex).
93. Kes, A. and H. Swaminathan (2005) 'Gender, Time Use, and Poverty in Sub-Saharan Africa,' in Gender, Time Use and Poverty is Sub-Saharan (Washington, DC: IBRD).
94. Kitterod, R.H. and T.H. Lyngstad (2005) 'Diary vs. Questionnaire Information on Time Spent on Housework: The Case of Norway,' Electronic International Journal of Time Use Research 2. Available at: www.eijtur.org
95. Latigo, A. (2003) 'Pro-Poor Growth Strategies in Africa: A Proposed Easy Reference Guide (ERG) to Engender National Accounts and National Budget,' paper presented at Expert Group Meeting, Kampala, Uganda, 23-24 June.
96. Lloyd, C.B., M. Grant and A. Ritchie (2008) 'Gender Differences in Time Use Among Adolescents in Developing Countries: Implications of Rising School Enrollment Rates,' Journal of Research on Adolescence 18(1), 99-120.
97. Lopreite, C.D. (2005) 'Gender and path-shifting changes in "hybrid" welfare regime: Argentina in comparative perspective,' paper submitted to RC-19 Annual Meeting, Chicago, 8-10 September.
98. Maitra, Pushkar and Ranjan Ray (2006) 'Is There a Gender Bias in the Household's Time Allocation In a Developing Country? The Indian Experience,' Department of Economics, Monash University, Australia.
99. Meinzen-Dick, R., L. Pandolfelli, S. Dohrn, and J. Athens (2005) 'Gender and Collective Action: A Conceptual Framework for Analysis,' International Research Workshop on Gender and Collective Action, Chiang Mai, Thailand, 17-21 October.
100. Motiram, S. and L. Osberg (2008) 'Demand or Supply for Schooling in Rural India?,' in Mainstreaming Time Use Surveys in National Statistical System in India (New Delhi: Ministry of Women and Child Development, Government of India).
101. Mpetsheni, Y. and D. Budlender (2000) 'Country Report: South Africa Time Use Survey 2000,' paper prepared for Expert Group Meeting on Time Use Survey, New York, 23-27 October.
102. Mrkic, S. (2006) Report on Time-Use Statistics in the Context of Social Statistics, Time Use Paper (New York: UNSD).
103. Mussa, A.S. (2003) 'Probing Time Use by Gender on Socio-Economic Activities,' mimeo. University of Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania.
104. Nath, S.K. (2003) 'Valuation of Unpaid Household Work and Community Services Using Time Use Statistics,' in Applications of Time Use Statistics (New Delhi:Central Statistical Organization, Government of India).
105. Noov, Y. (2000) 'Country Report: Mongolia: Time Use Survey 2000,' paper prepared for the Expert Group Meeting On Time Use Survey, New York, 23-27 October.
106. Ongley, P. (2001) 'Gender and UnpaidWork: Findings from the Time Use Survey,' available at www.stats.govt.nz.
107. Pandey, R.N. (2000a) 'Operational Issues in Conducting the Pilot Time Use Survey in India,' in Proceedings of the International Seminar on Time Use Studies (New Delhi: Central Statistical Organization, Government of India).
108. Pandey, R.N. (2000b) 'Sampling Issues in Time Use Survey-Indian Experience,' paper prepared for Expert Group Meeting on Time Use Survey, New York, 23-27 October.
109. Pandey, R.N. (2008) 'Lessons from the Pilot Mainstreaming Time Use Survey: Surveys in India,' in Mainstreaming Time Use Surveys in National Statistical System in India (New Delhi: Ministry ofWomen and Child Development, Government of India).
110. Pandey, R.N. and I. Hirway (2000) 'Conducting the Time Use Surveys - Indian Experience,' paper prepared by for the Expert Group Meeting on Conducting TUS, New York, 23-27 October.
111. Paton, D. (2000) 'Collecting Time-Use Data, Including Context Variables and Simultaneous Activities, at Statistics Canada,' paper prepared for Expert Group Meeting on Time Use Survey, New York, 23-27 October.
112. Patricia, M.C. (2000) 'Country Report: Mexico,' paper prepared for Expert Group Meeting on Time Use Survey, New York, 23-27 October.
113. Rastogi, P. (2008) 'Rural ChildWork, Labour and Daily Practices: Time Use Survey Based Analysis,' in Mainstreaming Time Use Surveys in National Statistical System in India (New Delhi: Ministry ofWomen and Child Development, Government of India).
114. Rego, C. and M. Sicat (2005) 'Asia-Pacific Millennium Development Goals AP-MDG-Social Community of Practice: Understanding the Female Face of Poverty,' UNESCAP.
115. Report of the Secretary General (2001) 'Progress of a project on gender issues in the measurement of paid and unpaid work,' Statistical Commission, Thirty-second Session, 6-9, March.
116. Robinson, J. (1985) 'The validity and reliability of diaries versus alternative time use measures,' in F.T. Juster and F.P. Stafford (eds), Time, Goods and Well-Being (Ann Arbor, MI: Institute for Social Research, Survey Research Center, University of Michigan).
117. Ruger, Y. and J. Varjonen (2008) 'Value of Household Production in Finland and Germany: Analysis and Recalculation of the Household Satellite Account System in Both Countries,' Working Paper 112 (Helsinki: National Consumer Research Center).
118. Saha, V. (2003) 'Estimation ofWorkforce Using Time Use Statistics,' in Applications of Time Use Statistics (New Delhi: Central Statistical Organization, Government of India).
119. Szalai, A. (1972) 'The Use of Time: Daily Activities of Urban and Suburban Populations in Twelve Countries' as referenced in Guide to Producing Statistics on Time Use: Measuring Paid and Unpaid Work (New York: The United Nations/UNSD).
120. Srdjan, M. (2000) 'Time Use Statistics in the Context of Social Statistics,' Website of UN Statistical Division, UN, New York.
121. Strobel, F. and S. Beavers (2008) 'E-Discussion on Unpaid Work, Gender and the Care Economy - Phase 2: Data, Analysis, and Methodology,' ILO Regional Office, Arab States, as presented on UNDP Website, UN, New York.
122. Su-hao, T. (2000) 'Measuring Farm Women's Time Spent on Unpaid Work: Diary versus Stylized Estimates' EJTUR, IATUR Website.
123. TUIDC (2008) 'Time Use in Developing Countries (TUIDC) Workshop,' International Association for Time Use Research Australian Time Use Research Group, 4 December.
124. United Nations (2003) Integrating UnpaidWork into National Policies, Economic and Social Commission for Asia and Pacific (UN-ESCAP) (New York: United Nations Publications).
125. United Nations (2005) Guide to Producing Statistics on Time Use: Measuring Paid and Unpaid Work (New York: United Nations Publications).
126. United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) (1999) Project Document on Gender Equality in the Asia-Pacific Region, UN-ESCAP, Bangkok.
127. United Nations Research Institute for Social Development (UNRISD) (2007) The Political and Social Economy of Care in a Development Context: Conceptual Issues, Research Questions and Policy Options (Geneva: UNRISD)
128. United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD) (1999) 'Towards International Guidelines in Time Use Surveys: Objectives and Methods of National Time Use Surveys in Developing Countries,' paper presented at the International Seminar on Time Use Studies, United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific, Ahmedabad, 7-10 December.
129. United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD) (2000) 'International Classification of Activities for Time Use Statistics,' paper prepared for Expert Group Meeting on Methods for Conducting TUS, New York, 23-27 October.
130. Väisänen, P. (2004) 'Guidelines on Harmonized European Time Use Surveys, Annex I Directions for the Survey Forms,' EUROSTAT Working Paper, Luxembourg.
131. Varojen, J. and K. Aalto (2006) Household Production and Consumption in Finland, 2001 (Helsinki: National Consumer Research Center).
132. Varojen, J. and K. Aalto (2007) 'Combining time and money for family well-being - life cycle perspective,' Proceedings of the Nordic Consumer Policy Research Conference 2007, Helsinki, Finland.
133. World Bank (1996) 'A Manual for Planning and Implementing the Living Standards Measurement Study Survey,' Working Paper No. 126, The World Bank, Washington, DC.
134. Yung, K.C. (1995) 'The World's Women, 1995: Trends and Statistics, Social Statistics and Indicators,' No. 12, UNIFEM, New York.
135. Yung, K.C. (1996) Report of the FourthWorld Conference onWomen (New York:World Bank).
136. Yung, K.C. (1997) 'Concept Paper', presented at the Expert Group Meeting on the Trial International Classification of Activities for Time Use Statistics, 11 November.
137. Yung, K.C. (2000) 'Report of the Expert Group Meeting on Methods for Conducting Time Use Surveys,' paper prepared for Expert Group Meeting on Time Use Survey, New York, 23-27 October.
138. Yung, K.C. (2001) 'Changes in Korean People's Use of Time during 1981-2000', paper presented at International Association of Time Use Research (IATUR) 2001 Conference, Oslo, Norway, 3-5 October.