HIV-associated immune complex kidney disease

Nature Reviews Nephrology

Volumn 12, Issue 5, 2016, Pages 291-300

  Nobakht, Ehsan ^a   Cohen, Scott D ^a   Rosenberg, Avi Z ^b   Kimmel, Paul L ^a  

^a GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AND HEALTH SCIENCES   (United States)

^b JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTI HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS AGENT; APOLIPOPROTEIN; APOLIPOPROTEIN L1; IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENT; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; ANTIGEN ANTIBODY COMPLEX; APOL1 PROTEIN, HUMAN; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN;

AFRICA; ANIMAL MODEL; ANTIGEN ANTIBODY COMPLEX; ANTIVIRAL THERAPY; ASIA; CHILD; CHILD UROLOGY; CLINICAL FEATURE; EUROPE; GENETIC VARIABILITY; GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION; HEREDITY; HISTOPATHOLOGY; HIV ASSOCIATED IMMUNE COMPLEX KIDNEY DISEASE; HIV ASSOCIATED IMMUNOGLOBULIN A NEPHROPATHY; HIV ASSOCIATED NEPHROPATHY; HUMAN; IMMUNE COMPLEX DEPOSITION; IMMUNE COMPLEX NEPHRITIS; IMMUNOGLOBULIN A NEPHROPATHY; IMMUNOPATHOGENESIS; IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE TREATMENT; LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS NEPHRITIS; MEMBRANOPROLIFERATIVE GLOMERULONEPHRITIS; MEMBRANOUS GLOMERULONEPHRITIS; NONHUMAN; NORTH AMERICA; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; POST INFECTIOUS GLOMERULONEPHRITIS; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROLIFERATIVE GLOMERULONEPHRITIS; REVIEW; AIDS-ASSOCIATED NEPHROPATHY; ANIMAL; DISEASE MODEL; GENETICS; GLOMERULONEPHRITIS; IMMUNOLOGY; PATHOLOGY;

AIDS-ASSOCIATED NEPHROPATHY; ANIMALS; ANTIGEN-ANTIBODY COMPLEX; APOLIPOPROTEINS; DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL; GLOMERULONEPHRITIS; HUMANS; LIPOPROTEINS, HDL;

EID: 84954478852     PISSN: 17595061     EISSN: 1759507X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/nrneph.2015.216     Document Type: Review

References (117)

1. Fernando, S. K., Finkelstein, F. O., Moore, B. A., & Weissman, S. Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in an urban HIV infected population. Am. J. Med. Sci. 335, 89-94 (2008
2. Szczech L. A., et al. Predictors of proteinuria and renal failure among women with HIV infection. Kidney Int. 61, 195-202 (2002
3. Rao T. K., et al. Associated focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. N. Engl. J. Med. 310, 669-673 (1984
4. Pardo V., et al. Glomerular lesions in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Ann. Intern. Med. 101, 429-434 (1984
5. Rosenberg, A. Z., Naicker, S., Winkler, C. A., & Kopp, J. B. HIV-Associated nephropathies: epidemiology, pathology, mechanisms and treatment. Nat. Rev. Nephrol. 10, 150-160 (2015
6. Benveniste, O., et al. Two episodes of acute renal failure, rhabdomyolysis, and severe hepatitis in an AIDS patient successively treated with ritonavir and indinavir. Clin. Infect. Dis. 28, 1180-1181 (1999
7. Rao, T. K. Acute renal failure in human immunodeficiency virus infection. Semin. Nephrol. 18, 378-395 (1998
8. Kopp J. B., et al. Crystalluria and urinary tract abnormalities associated with indinavir. Ann. Intern. Med. 128, 118-125 (1997
9. Kopp J. B., et al. Indinavir-Associated interstitial nephritis and urothelial inflammation: clinical and cytologic findings. Clin. Infect. Dis. 34, 1122-1128 (2002
10. Olyaei, A. J., deMattos, A. M., & Bennett, W. M. Renal toxicity of protease inhibitors. Curr. Opin. Nephrol. Hypertens. 9, 473-476 (2000
11. Reiter, W. J., Schön-Pernerstorfer, H., Dorfinger, K., Hofbauer, J., & Marberger, M. Frequency of urolithiasis in individuals seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus treated with indinavir is higher than previously assumed. J. Urol. 161, 1082-1084 (1999
12. Kohan, A. D., Armenakas, N. A., & Fracchia, J. A. Indinavir urolithiasis: an emerging cause of renal colic in patients with human immunodeficiency virus. J. Urol. 161, 1765-1768 (1999
13. Rao, T. K. Renal complications in HIV disease. Med. Clin. North Am. 80, 1437-1451 (1996
14. Wearne, N., Swanepoel, C. R., Boulle, A., Duffield, M. S., & Rayner, B. L. The spectrum of renal histologies seen in HIV with outcomes, prognostic indicators and clinical correlations. Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 27, 4109-4101 (2012
15. Foy M. C., et al. Comparison of risk factors and outcomes in HIV immune complex kidney disease and HIV-Associated nephropathy. Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 8, 1524-1532 (2013
16. Weiner, N. J., Goodman, J. W., & Kimmel, P. L. The HIV-Associated renal diseases: current insight into pathogenesis and treatment. Kidney Int. 63, 1618-1631 (2003
17. Kimmel, P. L., Barisoni, L., & Kopp, J. B. Pathogenesis and treatment of HIV-Associated renal diseases: lessons from clinical and animal studies, molecular pathologic correlations, and genetic investigations. Ann. Intern. Med. 139, 214-226 (2003
18. Rachakonda, A. K., & Kimmel, P. L. CKD in HIV-infected patients other than HIV-Associated nephropathy. Adv. Chron. Kidney. Dis. 17, 83-93 (2010
19. Cohen, S. D., & Kimmel, P. L. Immune complex renal disease and human immunodeficiency virus infection. Semin. Nephrol. 28, 535-544 (2008
20. Kimmel P. L., et al. Brief report: idiotypic IgA nephropathy in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. N. Engl. J. Med. 327, 729-730 (1992
21. Kimmel P. L., et al. HIV-Associated immune-mediated renal disease. Kidney Int. 44, 1327-1340 (1993
22. Stokes M. B., et al. Immune complex glomerulonephritis in patients co infected with HIV and hepatitis C virus. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 29, 514-525 (1997
23. Haas, M., Kaul, S., & Eustace, J. A. HIV-Associated immune complex glomerulonephritis with ?lupus-like? features: a clinicopathologic study of 14 cases. Kidney Int. 67, 1381-1390 (2005
24. Nochy D., et al. Renal disease associated with HIV infection: a multicentric study of 60 patients from Paris hospitals. Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 8, 11-19 (1993
25. Szczech L. A., et al. The clinical epidemiology and course of the spectrum of renal diseases associated with HIV infection. Kidney Int. 66, 1145-1152 (2004
26. Schectman, J. M., & Kimmel, P. L. Remission of hepatitis B associated membranous glomerulonephritis in human immunodeficiency virus infection. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 17, 716-718 (1991
27. Kimmel, P. L., Abraham, A. A., & Phillips, T. M. Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis in a patient treated with interferon-Alpha for human immunodeficiency virus infection. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 24, 858-863 (1994
28. Praditpornsilpa K., et al. Renal pathology and HIV infection in Thailand. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 33, 282-286 (1999
29. Williams, D. I., et al. Presentation, pathology, and outcome of HIV-Associated renal disease in a specialist centre for HIV/AIDS. Sex. Transm. Infect. 74, 179-184 (1998
30. Cohen, S. D., & Kimmel, P. L. Renal biopsy is necessary for the diagnosis of HIV-Associated renal diseases. Nat. Clin. Pract. Nephrol. 5, 22-23 (2009
31. Barbiano di Belgiojoso G., et al. Immunotactoid glomerulopathy in a HIV-infected patient: a novel association. Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 11, 857-859 (1996
32. Naggie, S., & Hicks, C. Protease inhibitor-based antiretroviral therapy in treatment-naive HIV 1 infected patients: the evidence behind the options. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 6, 1094-1099 (2010
33. Rao, T. K., Friedman, E. A., & Nicastri, A. D. The types of renal disease in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. N. Engl. J. Med. 316, 1062-1068 (1987
34. Genovese G., et al. Association of trypanolytic ApoL1 variants with kidney disease in African Americans. Science 329, 841-845 (2010
35. Kopp J. B., et al. APOL1 genetic variants in focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and HIV-Associated nephropathy. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 22, 2129-2137 (2011
36. Freedman B. I., et al. The apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1) gene and nondiabetic nephropathy in African Americans. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 21, 1422-1426 (2010
37. Thomson R., et al. Evolution of the primate trypanolytic factor APOL1. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 111, E2130-E2139 (2014
38. Udler M. S., et al. Effect of genetic African ancestry on eGFR and kidney disease. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 26, 1682-1692 (2014
39. Fine D. M., et al. APOL1 risk variants predict histopathology and progression to ESRD in HIV-related kidney disease. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 23, 343-350 (2012
40. Matovu E., et al. Enabling the genomic revolution in Africa. Science 344, 1346-1348 (2014
41. D?Agati, V., Suh, J. I., Carbone, L., Cheng, J. T., & Appel, G. Pathology of HIV-Associated nephropathy: a detailed morphologic and comparative study. Kidney Int. 35, 1358-1370 (1989
42. Kimmel, P. L., Ferreira-Centeno, A., Farkas-Szallasi, T., Abraham, A. A., & Garrett, C. T. Viral DNA in microdissected renal biopsy tissue from HIV infected patients with nephrotic syndrome. Kidney Int. 43, 1347-1352 (1993
43. Cohen, S. D., & Kimmel, P. L. HIV-Associated renal diseases in Africa: a desperate need for additional study. Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 22, 2116-2119 (2007
44. Emem, C. P., et al. Renal disease in HIV-seropositive patients in Nigeria: an assessment of prevalence, clinical features, and risk factors. Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 23, 741-746 (2008
45. Mallipattu, S. K., Salem, F., & Wyatt, C. M. The changing epidemiology of HIV-related chronic kidney disease in the era of antiretroviral therapy. Kidney Int. 86, 259-265 (2014
46. Gerntholtz, T. E., Goetsch, S. J., & Katz, I. HIV-related nephropathy: a South African perspective. Kidney Int. 69, 1885-1991 (2006
47. Han T. M., Naicker, S., Ramdial, P. K., & Assounga, A. G. A cross-sectional study of HIV-seropositive patients with varying degrees of proteinuria in South Africa. Kidney Int. 69, 2243-2250 2006
48. Casanova S., et al. Pattern of glomerular involvement in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients: an Italian study. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 26, 446-453 (1995
49. Gupta V., et al. HIV associated renal disease: a pilot study from North India. Indian J. Med. Res. 137, 950-956 (2013
50. Glassock, R. J. Immune complex-induced glomerular injury in viral diseases: an overview. Kidney Int. Suppl. 35, S5-S7 (1991
51. Killen, P. D., Melcion, C., Bonadio, J. F., Morel-Maroger, L., & Striker, G. E. Glomerular response to immunologic injury, studies on progression. Springer Semin. Immunopathol. 5, 297-320 (1982
52. Couser, W. G., & Johnson, R. J. The etiology of glomerulonephritis: roles of infection and autoimmunity. Kidney Int. 86, 905-914 (2014
53. Kimmel, P. L., & Phillips, T. M. in Renal and Urologic Aspects of HIV Infection (eds Kimmel, P. L., et al.) 77-110 (Churchill Livingstone, 1995
54. Couser, W. G. Basic and translational concepts of immune-mediated glomerular diseases. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 23, 381-399 (2012
55. Wilson, C. B., & Dixon, F. J. in The Kidney (eds Brenner, B. M., & Rector, F. C. Jr) 838-940 (Saunders, 1976
56. Theophilopoulos, A. N., & Dixon, F. J. Immune complexes in human diseases. Am. J. Pathol. 100, 529-594 (1980
57. Navalkar, R. G., Norlin, M., & Ouchterlony, O. Characterization of leprosy sera with various mycobacterial antigens using double diffusion-in gel analysis. Int. Arch. Allergy Appl. Immunol. 25, 105-113 (1964
58. Woodroffe, A. J., & Wilson, C. B. An evaluation of elution techniques in the study of immune complex glomerulonephritis. J. Immunol. 118, 1788-1794 (1977
59. Kiryluk, K., & Novak, J. The genetics and immunopathology of IgA nephropathy. J. Clin. Invest. 124, 2325-2332 (2014
60. Wyatt, R. J., & Julian, B. A. IgA nephropathy. N. Engl. J. Med. 368, 2402-2414 (2013
61. Johnson R. J., et al. Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis associated with hepatitis C virus infection. N. Engl. J. Med. 328, 456-470 (1993
62. Nishanian, P., Huskins, K. R., Stehn, S., Detels, R., & Fahey, J. L. A simple method for improved assay demonstrates that HIV p24 antigen is present as immune complexes in most sera from HIV-infected individuals. J. Infect. Dis. 162, 21-28 (1990
63. Portera M., et al. Free and antibody-complexed antigen and antibody profile in apparently healthy HIV seropositive individuals and in AIDS patients. J. Med. Virol. 30, 30-35 (1990
64. Carini C., et al. Characterization of specific immune complexes in HIV-related disorders. Scand. J. Immunol. 26, 21-28 (1987
65. McDougal, J. S., et al. Antibody response to human immunodeficiency virus in homosexual men. Relation of antibody specificity, titer, and isotype to clinical status, severity of immunodeficiency and disease progression. J. Clin. Invest. 80, 316-324 (1987
66. Ellaurie, M., Calvelli, T., & Rubinstein, A. Immune complexes in pediatric human immunodefiency virus infection. Am. J. Dis. Child. 144, 1207-1209 (1990
67. Szczech L. A., et al. The uncertain significance of anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody among HIV-infected persons with kidney disease. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 48, E55-E59 (2006
68. Kimmel, P. L. in Immunologic Renal Diseases 2nd edn (eds Nielson, E. G., & Couser, W. G.) 1203-1223 (Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2001
69. Shen, X., & Tomaras, G. D. Alterations of the B cell response by HIV 1 replication. Curr. HIV/AIDS Rep. 8, 23-30 (2011
70. Lane H. C., et al. Abnormalities of B cell activation and immunoregulation in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. N. Engl. J. Med. 309, 453-458 (1983
71. Michael, A. F. Jr, Drummond, K. N., Good, R. A., & Vernier, R. L. Acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis: immune complex disease. J. Clin. Invest. 45, 237-248 (1966
72. Treser G., et al. Partial characterization of antigenic streptococcal plasma membrane components in acute glomerulonehritis. J. Clin. Invest. 49, 762-768 (1970
73. Nissenson, A. R., Baraff, L. J., Fine, R. N., & Knutson, D. W. Poststreptococcal acute glomerulonephritis: facts and controversy. Ann. Intern. Med. 91, 76-86 (1979
74. Gamble, C. N., & Rearsdan, J. B. Immunopathogenesis of syphilitic glomerulonephritis. N. Engl. J. Med. 292, 449-454 (1975
75. Gorevic P. D., et al. Mixed cryoglobulinemia: clinical aspects and long-Term follow up of 40 patients. Am. J. Med. 69, 287-306 (1980
76. Fabrizi, F. Hepatitis C virus, cryoglobulinemia, and kidney: novel evidence. Scientifica 2012, 128382 (2012
77. Ward, P. A., & Kibukamusoke, J. W. Evidence for soluble immune complexes in the pathogenesis of quartan malaria. Lancet 293, 283-285 (1969
78. Korbet, S. M., & Schwartz, M. M. Human immunodeficiency virus infection and nephrotic syndrome. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 20, 97-103 (1992
79. Bodi, I., Abraham, A. A., & Kimmel, P. L. Macrophages in HIV-Associated kidney diseases. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 24, 762-767 (1994
80. Ross, M. J. Advances in the pathogenesis of HIV-Associated kidney diseases. Kidney Int. 86, 266-274 (2014
81. Katz A., et al. IgA nephritis in HIV-positive patients: a new HIV-Associated nephropathy? Clin. Nephrol. 38, 61-68 (1992
82. Kajiyama, W., Kopp, J. B., Marinos, N. J., Klotman, P. E., & Dickie, P. Glomerulosclerosis and viral gene expression in HIV-Transgenic mice: role of nef. Kidney Int. 58, 1148-1159 (2000
83. Mikulak, J., & Singhal, P. C. HIV 1 and kidney cells: better understanding of viral interaction. Nephron Exp. Nephrol. 115, e15-e21 (2010
84. Bruggeman, L. A. Insight versus quagmire with compound HIV transgenics. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 10, 2085-2086 (2009
85. Tishon, A., Salmi, A., Ahmed, R., & Oldstone, M. B. Role of viral strains and host genes in determining levels of immune complexes in a model system: implications for HIV infection. AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 7, 963-969 (1991
86. Stephens, E. B., Tian, C., Dalton, S. B., & Gattone, V. H. 2nd Simian-human immune deficiency virus-Associated nephropathy in macaques. AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 16, 1295-1306 (2000
87. Liu, Z.Q., et al. Derivation and biological characterization of a molecular clone of SHIV (KU 2) that causes AIDS, neurological disease, and renal disease in rhesus macaques. Virology 260, 295-307 (1999
88. Alpers C. E., et al. Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in primates infected with a simian immunodeficiency virus. AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 13, 413-424 (1997
89. Strauss J., et al. Renal disease in children with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. N. Engl. J. Med. 321, 625-630 (1989
90. McCulloch, M. I., & Ray, P. E. Kidney disease in HIV-positive children. Sem. Nephrol. 28, 585-594 (2008
91. D?Agati, V., & Appel, G. B. HIV infection and the kidney. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 8, 138-152 (1997
92. Cohen, A. H., & Nast, C. C. HIV-Associated nephropathy. A unique combined glomerular, tubular, and interstitial lesion. Mod. Pathol. 1, 87-97 (1988
93. Lee C. J., et al. The clinicopathologic significance of endothelial tubuloreticular inclusions in glomerular diseases. Ultrastruct. Pathol. 37, 386-394 (2013
94. Markowitz, G. S., Nasr, S. H., Stokes, M. B., & D?Agati, V. D. Treatment with IFN-α,-β, or-γ is associated with collapsing focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 5, 607-615 (2010
95. Orenstein, J. M., Preble, O. T., Kind, P., & Schulof, R. The relationship of serum alpha-interferon and ultrastructural markers in HIV-seropositive individuals. Ultrastruct. Pathol. 11, 673-679 (1987
96. Nebuloni M., et al. Glomerular lesions in HIV-positive patients: a 20 year biopsy experience from Northern Italy. Clin. Nephrol. 72, 38-45 (2009
97. Nasr, S. H., Radhakrishnan, J., & D?Agati, V. D. Bacterial infection-related glomerulonephritis in adults. Kidney Int. 83, 792-803 (2013
98. Nissenson, A. R., Baraff, L. J., Fine, R. N., & Knutson, D. W. Poststreptococcal acute glomerulonephritis: fact and controversy. Ann. Intern. Med. 91, 76-86 (1979
99. Balow, J. E. Nephropathy in the context of HIV infection. Kidney Int. 67, 1632-1633 (2005
100. Johnson, R. J., & Couser, W. G. Hepatitis B infection and renal disease: clinical immunopathogenetic and therapeutic considerations. Kidney Int. 37, 663-676 (1990
101. Meyers, C. M., Seef, L. B., Stehman-Breen, C. O., & Hoofnagle, J. H. Hepatitis C and renal disease: an update. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 42, 631-657 (2003
102. Sethi, S., & Fervenza, F. C. Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis-A new look at an old entity. N. Engl. J. Med. 366, 1119-1113 (2012
103. Beck L. H., et al. M type phospholipase A2 receptor as target antigen in idiopathic membranous nephropathy. N. Eng. J. Med. 361, 11-21 (2009
104. Alarcon-Zurita A., et al. Membranous glomerulonephritis with nephrotic syndrome in a HIV positive patient-remarkable remission with triple therapy. Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 15, 1097-1098 (2000
105. Lai K. N., et al. Membranous nephropathy related to hepatitis B virus in adults. N. Engl. J. Med. 324, 1457-1463 (1991
106. Stehman-Breen, C., Alpers, C. E., Couser, W. G., Willson, R., & Johnson, R. J. Hepatitis C virus associated membranous glomerulonephritis. Clin. Nephrol. 44, 141-147 (1995
107. George E., et al. The impact of hepatitis C coinfection on kidney disease related to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV): a biopsy study. Medicine (Baltimore) 90, 289-295 (2011
108. Scotto, G., et al. Cryoglobulinemia in subjects with HCV infection alone, HIV infection, and HCV/HIV coinfection. J. Infect. 52, 294-299 (2006
109. Dimitrakopoulos, A., Kordossis, T., Hatzakis, A., & Moutsopoulos, H. M. Mixed cryoglobulinemia in HIV 1 infection: the role of HIV 1. Ann. Intern. Med. 130, 226-230 (1999
110. Haas, M., Rajaraman, S., Ahuja, T., Kittaka, M., & Cavallo, T. Fibrillary/immunotactoid glomerulonephritis in HIV-positive patients: a report of three cases. Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 15, 1679-1683 (2000
111. Martin, J. L., Thomas, D., & Colindres, R. E. Immunotactoid glomerulopathy in an HIV-positive African-American man. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 42, E6-E10 (2003
112. Alpers, C. E., & Kowalewska, J. Fibrillary glomerulonephritis and immunotactoid glomerulopathy. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 19, 34-37 (2008
113. Rosenstock J. L., et al. Fibrillary and immunotactoid glomerulonephritis: distinct entities with different clinical and pathologic features. Kidney Int. 63, 1450-1461 (2003
114. Laurinavicius, A., Hurwitz, S., & Rennke, H. G. Collapsing glomerulopathy in HIV and non-HIV patients: a clinicopathologic and follow up study. Kidney Int. 56, 2203-2213 (1999
115. Austin, H. A. 3rd, Boumpas, D. T., Vaughan, E. M., & Balow, J. E. Predicting renal outcomes in severe lupus nephritis: contributions of clinical and histologic data. Kidney Int. 45, 544-550 (1994
116. Haas, M. Histologic subclassification of IgA nephropathy: a clinicopathologic study of 244 cases. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 29, 829-842 (1997
117. D?Amico, G. Natural history of idiopathic IgA nephropathy: role of clinical and histological prognostic factors. Am. J. Kidney Dis. 36, 227-237 (2000