메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 355, Issue , 2015, Pages 15-23

Environmental and stand management influences on soil CO2 efflux across the range of loblolly pine

Author keywords

Carbon cycling; Fertilization; Management; Soil CO2 efflux; Soil heterotrophic respiration; Thinning

Indexed keywords

CARBON; CARBON DIOXIDE; FORESTRY; LAKES; MANAGEMENT; MOISTURE; SOIL MOISTURE; TEMPERATURE;

EID: 84953345665     PISSN: 03781127     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2015.01.031     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (15)

References (58)
  • 1
    • 43049161033 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microbial activity and soil respiration under nitrogen addition in Alaskan boreal forest
    • Allison S.D., Czimczik C.I., Treseder K.K. Microbial activity and soil respiration under nitrogen addition in Alaskan boreal forest. Global Change Biol. 2008, 14:1-13.
    • (2008) Global Change Biol. , vol.14 , pp. 1-13
    • Allison, S.D.1    Czimczik, C.I.2    Treseder, K.K.3
  • 2
    • 33748069107 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Effect of physiographic region and geographic locale on predicting the dominant height and basal area of loblolly pine plantations
    • Amateis R.L., Prisley S.P., Burkhart H.E., Liu J. The Effect of physiographic region and geographic locale on predicting the dominant height and basal area of loblolly pine plantations. Southern J. Appl. Forest. 2006, 30:147-153.
    • (2006) Southern J. Appl. Forest. , vol.30 , pp. 147-153
    • Amateis, R.L.1    Prisley, S.P.2    Burkhart, H.E.3    Liu, J.4
  • 3
    • 0042522551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tree root and soil heterotrophic respiration as revealed by girdling of boreal Scots pine forest: extending observations beyond the first year
    • Bhupinderpal S., Nordgren A., Lofvenius M.O., Hogberg M.N., Mellander P.E., Hogberg P. Tree root and soil heterotrophic respiration as revealed by girdling of boreal Scots pine forest: extending observations beyond the first year. Plant Cell Environ. 2003, 26:1287-1296.
    • (2003) Plant Cell Environ. , vol.26 , pp. 1287-1296
    • Bhupinderpal, S.1    Nordgren, A.2    Lofvenius, M.O.3    Hogberg, M.N.4    Mellander, P.E.5    Hogberg, P.6
  • 4
    • 0029731075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A latitudinal gradient in carbon turnover times in forest soils
    • Bird M.I., Chivas A.R., Head J. A latitudinal gradient in carbon turnover times in forest soils. Nature 1996, 381:143-146.
    • (1996) Nature , vol.381 , pp. 143-146
    • Bird, M.I.1    Chivas, A.R.2    Head, J.3
  • 6
    • 3042725375 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic nitrogen additions reduce total soil respiration and microbial respiration in temperate forest soils at the Harvard Forest
    • Bowden R.D., Davidson E., Savage K., Arabia C., Steudler P. Chronic nitrogen additions reduce total soil respiration and microbial respiration in temperate forest soils at the Harvard Forest. Forest Ecol. Manage. 2004, 196:43-56.
    • (2004) Forest Ecol. Manage. , vol.196 , pp. 43-56
    • Bowden, R.D.1    Davidson, E.2    Savage, K.3    Arabia, C.4    Steudler, P.5
  • 7
    • 0033830858 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biotic and abiotic factors controlling soil respiration rates in Picea abies stands
    • Buchmann N. Biotic and abiotic factors controlling soil respiration rates in Picea abies stands. Soil Biol. Biochem. 2000, 32:1625-1635.
    • (2000) Soil Biol. Biochem. , vol.32 , pp. 1625-1635
    • Buchmann, N.1
  • 8
    • 0038757906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduction of forest floor respiration by fertilization on both carbon dioxide-enriched and reference 17-year-old loblolly pine stands
    • Butnor J.R., Johnsen K.H., Oren R., Katul G.G. Reduction of forest floor respiration by fertilization on both carbon dioxide-enriched and reference 17-year-old loblolly pine stands. Global Change Biol. 2003, 9:849-861.
    • (2003) Global Change Biol. , vol.9 , pp. 849-861
    • Butnor, J.R.1    Johnsen, K.H.2    Oren, R.3    Katul, G.G.4
  • 9
    • 84898488727 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Allometric constraints on, and trad-offs in, belowground carbon allocation and their control of soil respiration across global forest ecosystems
    • Chen G.S., Yang Y.S., Robinson D. Allometric constraints on, and trad-offs in, belowground carbon allocation and their control of soil respiration across global forest ecosystems. Global Change Biol. 2014, 20:1674-1684.
    • (2014) Global Change Biol. , vol.20 , pp. 1674-1684
    • Chen, G.S.1    Yang, Y.S.2    Robinson, D.3
  • 11
    • 0037646081 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Soil-surface carbon dioxide efflux and microbial biomass in relation to tree density 13years after a stand replacing fire in a lodgepole pine ecosystem
    • Creighton Litton M.R., Knight Dennis, Stahl Peter Soil-surface carbon dioxide efflux and microbial biomass in relation to tree density 13years after a stand replacing fire in a lodgepole pine ecosystem. Global Change Biol. 2003, 9:680-696.
    • (2003) Global Change Biol. , vol.9 , pp. 680-696
    • Creighton Litton, M.R.1    Knight, D.2    Stahl, P.3
  • 13
    • 0023469283 scopus 로고
    • 2 evolution in Florida slash pine plantations. 2. Importance of root respiration
    • 2 evolution in Florida slash pine plantations. 2. Importance of root respiration. Can. J. Forest Res. 1987, 17:330-333.
    • (1987) Can. J. Forest Res. , vol.17 , pp. 330-333
    • Ewel, K.C.1    Cropper, W.P.2    Gholz, H.L.3
  • 14
    • 84953362972 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiographic divisions of the conterminous U.S. US Geological Survey.
    • Fenneman, N.M., Johnson, D.W., 1998. Physiographic divisions of the conterminous U.S. US Geological Survey.
    • (1998)
    • Fenneman, N.M.1    Johnson, D.W.2
  • 15
    • 37349056388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The development of pine plantation silviculture in the southern United States
    • Fox T.R., Jokela E.J., Allen H.L. The development of pine plantation silviculture in the southern United States. J. Forest. 2007, 105:337-347.
    • (2007) J. Forest. , vol.105 , pp. 337-347
    • Fox, T.R.1    Jokela, E.J.2    Allen, H.L.3
  • 16
  • 17
    • 0034690062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence that decomposition rates of organic carbon in mineral soil do not vary with temperature
    • Giardina C.P., Ryan M.G. Evidence that decomposition rates of organic carbon in mineral soil do not vary with temperature. Nature 2000, 404:858-861.
    • (2000) Nature , vol.404 , pp. 858-861
    • Giardina, C.P.1    Ryan, M.G.2
  • 18
    • 9144242644 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Belowground carbon dynamics in loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) immediately following diammonium phosphate fertilization
    • Gough C.M., Seiler J.R. Belowground carbon dynamics in loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) immediately following diammonium phosphate fertilization. Tree Physiol. 2004, 24:845-851.
    • (2004) Tree Physiol. , vol.24 , pp. 845-851
    • Gough, C.M.1    Seiler, J.R.2
  • 19
    • 3142526918 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short-term effects of fertilization on loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) physiology
    • Gough C.M., Seiler J.R., Maier C.A. Short-term effects of fertilization on loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) physiology. Plant Cell Environ. 2004, 27:876-886.
    • (2004) Plant Cell Environ. , vol.27 , pp. 876-886
    • Gough, C.M.1    Seiler, J.R.2    Maier, C.A.3
  • 20
    • 21244504315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2 efflux in loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) plantations on the Virginia Piedmont and South Carolina Coastal Plain over a rotation-length chronosequence
    • 2 efflux in loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) plantations on the Virginia Piedmont and South Carolina Coastal Plain over a rotation-length chronosequence. Biogeochemistry 2005, 73:127-147.
    • (2005) Biogeochemistry , vol.73 , pp. 127-147
    • Gough, C.M.1    Seiler, J.R.2    Wiseman, P.E.3    Maier, C.A.4
  • 21
    • 36148973527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Terrestrial carbon pools in southeast and south-central United States
    • Han F., Plodinec M., Su Y., Monts D., Li Z. Terrestrial carbon pools in southeast and south-central United States. Climatic Change 2007, 84:191-202.
    • (2007) Climatic Change , vol.84 , pp. 191-202
    • Han, F.1    Plodinec, M.2    Su, Y.3    Monts, D.4    Li, Z.5
  • 22
    • 0001244740 scopus 로고
    • Variation in potential volume yield of loblolly pine plantations
    • Hasenauer H., Burkhart H.E., Sterba H. Variation in potential volume yield of loblolly pine plantations. Forest Sci. 1994, 40:162-176.
    • (1994) Forest Sci. , vol.40 , pp. 162-176
    • Hasenauer, H.1    Burkhart, H.E.2    Sterba, H.3
  • 23
    • 0029167973 scopus 로고
    • Belowground carbon allocation in unfertilized and fertilized red pine plantations in northern Wisconsin
    • Haynes B.E., Gower S.T. Belowground carbon allocation in unfertilized and fertilized red pine plantations in northern Wisconsin. Tree Physiol. 1995, 15:317-325.
    • (1995) Tree Physiol. , vol.15 , pp. 317-325
    • Haynes, B.E.1    Gower, S.T.2
  • 27
    • 32544432085 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The soil carbon dilemma: shall we hoard it or use it?
    • Janzen H.H. The soil carbon dilemma: shall we hoard it or use it?. Soil Biol. Biochem. 2006, 38:419-424.
    • (2006) Soil Biol. Biochem. , vol.38 , pp. 419-424
    • Janzen, H.H.1
  • 28
    • 84953361428 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • General Technical Report SRS-75, US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Asheville, NC.
    • Johnsen, K., 2004. Overview of global climate change and carbon sequestration. General Technical Report SRS-75, US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Asheville, NC.
    • (2004) Overview of global climate change and carbon sequestration
    • Johnsen, K.1
  • 29
    • 0035863183 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of forest management on soil C and N storage: meta analysis
    • Johnson D.W., Curtis P.S. Effects of forest management on soil C and N storage: meta analysis. Forest Ecol. Manage. 2001, 140:227-238.
    • (2001) Forest Ecol. Manage. , vol.140 , pp. 227-238
    • Johnson, D.W.1    Curtis, P.S.2
  • 30
    • 77958118070 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Twenty-five years of intensive forest management with southern pines: important lessons learned
    • Jokela E.J., Martin T.A., Vogel J.G. Twenty-five years of intensive forest management with southern pines: important lessons learned. J. Forest. 2010, 108:338-347.
    • (2010) J. Forest. , vol.108 , pp. 338-347
    • Jokela, E.J.1    Martin, T.A.2    Vogel, J.G.3
  • 31
    • 0344304503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Soil respiration, fine root production, and microbial biomass in cottonwood and loblolly pine plantations along a nitrogen fertilization gradient
    • Lee K.H., Jose S. Soil respiration, fine root production, and microbial biomass in cottonwood and loblolly pine plantations along a nitrogen fertilization gradient. Forest Ecol. Manage. 2003, 185:263-273.
    • (2003) Forest Ecol. Manage. , vol.185 , pp. 263-273
    • Lee, K.H.1    Jose, S.2
  • 32
    • 0024900626 scopus 로고
    • Geographic gradients in loblolly pine site productivity and related environmental factors
    • Lockaby B.G., Caulifield J.P. Geographic gradients in loblolly pine site productivity and related environmental factors. Southern J. Appl. Forest. 1989, 13:72-76.
    • (1989) Southern J. Appl. Forest. , vol.13 , pp. 72-76
    • Lockaby, B.G.1    Caulifield, J.P.2
  • 33
    • 0032033212 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Root respiration of Douglas-fir seedlings: effects of N concentration
    • Lu S., Mattson K.G., Zaerr J.B., Marshall J.D. Root respiration of Douglas-fir seedlings: effects of N concentration. Soil Biol. Biochem. 1998, 30:331-336.
    • (1998) Soil Biol. Biochem. , vol.30 , pp. 331-336
    • Lu, S.1    Mattson, K.G.2    Zaerr, J.B.3    Marshall, J.D.4
  • 34
    • 0034030827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2 evolution and root respiration in 11 year-old loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) plantations as affected by moisture and nutrient availability
    • 2 evolution and root respiration in 11 year-old loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) plantations as affected by moisture and nutrient availability. Can. J. Forest Res. 2000, 30:347-359.
    • (2000) Can. J. Forest Res. , vol.30 , pp. 347-359
    • Maier, C.A.1    Kress, L.W.2
  • 35
    • 4043136099 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Respiratory carbon use and carbon storage in mid-rotation loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) plantations: the effect of site resources on the stand carbon balance
    • Maier C.A., Albaugh T.J., Allen H.L., Dougherty P.M. Respiratory carbon use and carbon storage in mid-rotation loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) plantations: the effect of site resources on the stand carbon balance. Global Change Biol. 2004, 10:1335-1350.
    • (2004) Global Change Biol. , vol.10 , pp. 1335-1350
    • Maier, C.A.1    Albaugh, T.J.2    Allen, H.L.3    Dougherty, P.M.4
  • 36
    • 0000865405 scopus 로고
    • 2 efflux from coniferous forest soils: comparison of measurement methods and effects of added nitrogen
    • Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, R. Lal, J. Kimble, E. Levin, B.A. Stewart (Eds.)
    • 2 efflux from coniferous forest soils: comparison of measurement methods and effects of added nitrogen. Soils and Global Change 1995, 329-341. Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton. R. Lal, J. Kimble, E. Levin, B.A. Stewart (Eds.).
    • (1995) Soils and Global Change , pp. 329-341
    • Mattson, K.G.1
  • 37
    • 33646087411 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Performance of improved genotypes of loblolly pine across different soils, climates, and silvicultural inputs
    • McKeand S.E., Jokela E.J., Huber D.A., Byram T.D., Allen H.L., Li B., Mullin T.J. Performance of improved genotypes of loblolly pine across different soils, climates, and silvicultural inputs. Forest Ecol. Manage. 2006, 227:178-184.
    • (2006) Forest Ecol. Manage. , vol.227 , pp. 178-184
    • McKeand, S.E.1    Jokela, E.J.2    Huber, D.A.3    Byram, T.D.4    Allen, H.L.5    Li, B.6    Mullin, T.J.7
  • 38
    • 79961190968 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plant communities as drivers of soil repiration: pathways, mechanisms, and significance for gobal change
    • Metcalfe D.B., Fisher R.A., Wardle D.A. Plant communities as drivers of soil repiration: pathways, mechanisms, and significance for gobal change. Biogeosciences 2011, 8:2047-2061.
    • (2011) Biogeosciences , vol.8 , pp. 2047-2061
    • Metcalfe, D.B.1    Fisher, R.A.2    Wardle, D.A.3
  • 40
    • 0025401364 scopus 로고
    • Soil respiration as an index of soil aeration
    • Neilson J.W., Pepper I.L. Soil respiration as an index of soil aeration. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 1990, 54:428-432.
    • (1990) Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. , vol.54 , pp. 428-432
    • Neilson, J.W.1    Pepper, I.L.2
  • 41
    • 0033536946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measurement of carbon dioxide evolution from a Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica D. Don) forest floor using an open-flow chamber method
    • Ohashi M., Gyokusen K., Saito A. Measurement of carbon dioxide evolution from a Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica D. Don) forest floor using an open-flow chamber method. Forest Ecol. Manage. 1999, 123:105-114.
    • (1999) Forest Ecol. Manage. , vol.123 , pp. 105-114
    • Ohashi, M.1    Gyokusen, K.2    Saito, A.3
  • 42
    • 0036145026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2 efflux rates in a 2-year-old loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) plantation in the Virginia Piedmont
    • 2 efflux rates in a 2-year-old loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) plantation in the Virginia Piedmont. Environ. Pollut. 2002, 116:S85-S96.
    • (2002) Environ. Pollut. , vol.116 , pp. S85-S96
    • Pangle, R.E.1    Seiler, J.2
  • 44
    • 50549084094 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Edaphic and climatic effects on forest stand development, net primary production, and net ecosystem productivity simulated for Coastal Plain loblolly pine in Virginia
    • Sampson D.A., Wynne R.H., Seiler J.R. Edaphic and climatic effects on forest stand development, net primary production, and net ecosystem productivity simulated for Coastal Plain loblolly pine in Virginia. J. Geophys. Res. 2008, 113. 10.1029/2006JG000270.
    • (2008) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.113
    • Sampson, D.A.1    Wynne, R.H.2    Seiler, J.R.3
  • 46
    • 0003008839 scopus 로고
    • Carbon balance in terrestrial detritus
    • Schlesinger W.H. Carbon balance in terrestrial detritus. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 1977, 8:51-81.
    • (1977) Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. , vol.8 , pp. 51-81
    • Schlesinger, W.H.1
  • 47
    • 33645885330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential controls by climate and substrate over the heterotrophic and rhizospheric components of soil respiration
    • Scott-Denton L.E., Rosenstiel T.N., Monson R.K. Differential controls by climate and substrate over the heterotrophic and rhizospheric components of soil respiration. Global Change Biol. 2006, 12:205-216.
    • (2006) Global Change Biol. , vol.12 , pp. 205-216
    • Scott-Denton, L.E.1    Rosenstiel, T.N.2    Monson, R.K.3
  • 48
    • 39449084975 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2 efflux as influenced by the thinning of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) plantations on the Piedmont of Virginia
    • 2 efflux as influenced by the thinning of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) plantations on the Piedmont of Virginia. Forest Sci. 2008, 54:58-66.
    • (2008) Forest Sci. , vol.54 , pp. 58-66
    • Selig, M.F.1    Seiler, J.R.2    Tyree, M.C.3
  • 49
    • 0030612953 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Possibilities for increased carbon sequestration through the implementation of rational forest management in Russia
    • Shvidenko A., Nilsson Sten, Roshkov Vjacheslav Possibilities for increased carbon sequestration through the implementation of rational forest management in Russia. Water, Air, Soil Pollut. 1997, 94:137-162.
    • (1997) Water, Air, Soil Pollut. , vol.94 , pp. 137-162
    • Shvidenko, A.1    Nilsson, S.2    Roshkov, V.3
  • 50
    • 33645080167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bacterial and fungal contributions to carbon sequestration in agroecosystems
    • Six J., Frey S.D., Thiet R.K., Batten K.M. Bacterial and fungal contributions to carbon sequestration in agroecosystems. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 2006, 70:555-569.
    • (2006) Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. , vol.70 , pp. 555-569
    • Six, J.1    Frey, S.D.2    Thiet, R.K.3    Batten, K.M.4
  • 51
    • 51749115504 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An uncertain future for soil carbon
    • Trumbore S.E., Czimczik C.I. An uncertain future for soil carbon. Science 2008, 321:1455-1456.
    • (2008) Science , vol.321 , pp. 1455-1456
    • Trumbore, S.E.1    Czimczik, C.I.2
  • 52
    • 0028977788 scopus 로고
    • A carbon budget for forests of the conterminous United States
    • Turner D.P., Koerper G.J., Harmon M.E., Lee J.J. A carbon budget for forests of the conterminous United States. Ecol. Appl. 1995, 5:421-436.
    • (1995) Ecol. Appl. , vol.5 , pp. 421-436
    • Turner, D.P.1    Koerper, G.J.2    Harmon, M.E.3    Lee, J.J.4
  • 53
    • 33748781179 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2 efflux and heterotrophic respiration in a 33-year-old Pinus taeda L. plantation on the wet flats of the Virginia Lower Coastal Plain
    • 2 efflux and heterotrophic respiration in a 33-year-old Pinus taeda L. plantation on the wet flats of the Virginia Lower Coastal Plain. Forest Ecol. Manage. 2006, 234:363-369.
    • (2006) Forest Ecol. Manage. , vol.234 , pp. 363-369
    • Tyree, M.C.1    Seiler, J.R.2    Aust, W.M.3    Sampson, D.A.4    Fox, T.R.5
  • 54
    • 39449133638 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of fertilization on soil respiration in two-year-old Pinus taeda L. clones
    • Tyree M.C., Seiler J.R., Fox T.R. The effects of fertilization on soil respiration in two-year-old Pinus taeda L. clones. Forest Sci. 2008, 54:21-30.
    • (2008) Forest Sci. , vol.54 , pp. 21-30
    • Tyree, M.C.1    Seiler, J.R.2    Fox, T.R.3
  • 55
    • 77954063991 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Research gap analysis for application of biotechnology to sustaining US forests
    • Whetten R.W., Kellison R. Research gap analysis for application of biotechnology to sustaining US forests. J. Forest. 2010, 108:193-201.
    • (2010) J. Forest. , vol.108 , pp. 193-201
    • Whetten, R.W.1    Kellison, R.2
  • 56
    • 0034788928 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2 efflux and its spatial and temporal variations in a young ponderosa pine plantation in northern California
    • 2 efflux and its spatial and temporal variations in a young ponderosa pine plantation in northern California. Global Change Biol. 2001, 7:667-677.
    • (2001) Global Change Biol. , vol.7 , pp. 667-677
    • Xu, M.1    Qi, Y.2
  • 57
    • 37549050564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Water- and plant-mediated responses of soil respiration to topography, fire, and nitrogen fertilization in a semiarid grassland in northern China
    • Xu W., Wan S. Water- and plant-mediated responses of soil respiration to topography, fire, and nitrogen fertilization in a semiarid grassland in northern China. Soil Biol. Biochem. 2008, 40:679-687.
    • (2008) Soil Biol. Biochem. , vol.40 , pp. 679-687
    • Xu, W.1    Wan, S.2
  • 58
    • 34548423709 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microbial soil respiration and its dependency on carbon inputs, soil temperature and moisture
    • Yuste J., Baldocchi D.D., Gershenson A., Goldstein A., Misson L., Wong S. Microbial soil respiration and its dependency on carbon inputs, soil temperature and moisture. Global Change Biol. 2007, 13:2018-2035.
    • (2007) Global Change Biol. , vol.13 , pp. 2018-2035
    • Yuste, J.1    Baldocchi, D.D.2    Gershenson, A.3    Goldstein, A.4    Misson, L.5    Wong, S.6


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.